Java关于 class类的基础方法

  Class类的方法

  1. getClasses 和 getDeclaredClasses

  getDeclaredClasses 获取到类里所有的的class ,interface 包括了private ,protected,default,public

  例子:

  定义一个Payment的基本类如下

  public class Payment {

  protected class InnerPayment{

  }

  String name;

  interface Account{}

  public class InnerAccount implements Payment.Account{

  }

  private class InnerAccount2 implements Payment.Account{

  }

  }

  测试

  public class PaymentReflectTest {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

  Class[] cls=Payment.class.getDeclaredClasses();//获取到所有的定义的class

  for (int i = 0; i

  System.out.println(cls[i]);

  }

  }

  打印出来的结果如下

  class rechard.learn.reflect.Payment$InnerAccount2

  class rechard.learn.reflect.Payment$InnerAccount

  interface rechard.learn.reflect.Payment$Account

  class rechard.learn.reflect.Payment$InnerPayment

  getClasses 只获取到public

  上面的测试代码改成

  Class[] cls=Payment.class.getClasses();

  for (int i = 0; i

  System.out.println(cls[i]);

  }

  只获取到

  class rechard.learn.reflect.Payment$InnerAccount

  2. getConstructors 和 getDeclaredConstructors

  getDeclaredConstructors 打印出类的所有的构造函数

  Class[] cls=Payment.class.getDeclaredClasses();

  for (int i = 0; i

  Constructor[] cs= cls[i].getDeclaredConstructors();

  for (int j = 0; j

  System.out.println(cs[j]);

  }

  }

  打印的结果如下

  private rechard.learn.reflect.Payment$InnerAccount2(rechard.learn.reflect.Payment)

  public rechard.learn.reflect.Payment$InnerAccount(rechard.learn.reflect.Payment)

  protected rechard.learn.reflect.Payment$InnerPayment(rechard.learn.reflect.Payment)

  由于这里的class都是内部类,第一个参数是父类。new 的时候使用new Payment().new InnerAccount();

  如果定义的内部类是static ,则new 的时候使用new Payment.InnerStaticAccount()

  public class Payment {

  public static class InnerStaticAccount implements Payment.Account{

  }

  }

  getConstructors 打印出类的public构造函数

  3. new instance

  如何new Payment里的InnerAccount

  public class Payment {

  protected class InnerAccount implements Payment.Account{

  private String acctNumber;

  public InnerAccount(String acctNumber){

  this.acctNumber=acctNumber;

  }

  public String getAcctNumber() {

  return acctNumber;

  }

  @Override

  public String toString() {

  return "InnerAccount{" +

  "acctNumber='" + acctNumber + '\'' +

  '}';

  }

  如果 new InnerAccount 的类不和Payment 在同一个package下,写成如下,会报错,InnerAccount为proctected 不可见:

  new Payment().new InnerAccount("111111");

  改成以下代码调用

  Class[] cls = Payment.class.getDeclaredClasses();

  for (int i = 0; i < cls.length; i++) {

  if(cls[i].getSimpleName().equals("InnerAccount")){

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  Constructor c=(Constructor)cls[i].getDeclaredConstructor(Payment.class,String.class);

  c.setAccessible(true);

  System.out.println(c.newInstance(new Payment(),"123"));

  } catch (Exception e) {

  e.printStackTrace();

  }

  }

  其实这样构造出来的有诸多不变,上面的c.newInstance(new Payment(),"123"),没法用一个实际的引用的引用,只能用Object o 来引用,如果如果要调用getAcctNumber(),只能通过反射来调用,如下:

  Class[] cls = Payment.class.getDeclaredClasses();

  for (int i = 0; i < cls.length; i++) {

  if(cls[i].getSimpleName().equals("InnerAccount")){

  try {

  Constructor c=(Constructor)cls[i].getDeclaredConstructor(Payment.class,String.class);

  c.setAccessible(true);

  Object o=c.newInstance(new Payment(),"123");

  Method m=o.getClass().getMethod("getAcctNumber",null);

  System.out.println(m.invoke(o,null));

  }catch (Exception e) {

  e.printStackTrace();

  }

posted @ 2019-07-03 09:57  tiana_Z  阅读(352)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报