OpenStack学习系列之十二：安装ceph并对接OpenStack
Ceph 是一种为优秀的性能、可靠性和可扩展性而设计的统一的、分布式文件系统。Ceph 的统一体现在可以提供文件系统、块存储和对象存储，分布式体现在可以动态扩展。在国内一些公司的云环境中，通常会采用 Ceph 作为 OpenStack 的唯一后端存储来提高数据转发效率。
1.安装ceph（版本：nautilus）
# 在node1、node2、node3上安装ceph并组成集群
yum -y install ceph监视器monitor（node1上操作）
在node1上提供配置文件ceph.conf
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/ceph/ceph.conf
[global]
fsid = a7f64266-0894-4f1e-a635-d0aeaca0e993
mon initial members = node1
mon host = 192.168.31.101
public_network = 192.168.31.0/24
cluster_network = 172.16.100.0/24 为集群创建一个秘钥并生成一个监控秘钥
ceph-authtool --create-keyring /tmp/ceph.mon.keyring --gen-key -n mon. --cap mon 'allow *' 生成管理员秘钥，生成client.admin用户并将用户添加到秘钥
sudo ceph-authtool --create-keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring \
--gen-key -n client.admin \
--cap mon 'allow *' --cap osd 'allow *' --cap mds 'allow *' --cap mgr 'allow *'生成bootstrap-osd秘钥，生成client.bootstrap-osd用户并将该用户添加到秘钥
sudo ceph-authtool --create-keyring /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/ceph.keyring \
--gen-key -n client.bootstrap-osd \
--cap mon 'profile bootstrap-osd' --cap mgr 'allow r' 将生成的秘钥添加到ceph.mon.keyring
sudo ceph-authtool /tmp/ceph.mon.keyring --import-keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
sudo ceph-authtool /tmp/ceph.mon.keyring --import-keyring /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/ceph.keyring
sudo chown ceph:ceph /tmp/ceph.mon.keyring 使用主机名，主机IP地址和FSID生成监视器映射，将其保存为/tmp/monmap
monmaptool --create --add node1 192.168.31.101 --fsid a7f64266-0894-4f1e-a635-d0aeaca0e993 /tmp/monmap 在监视器主机上创建默认数据目录
sudo -u ceph mkdir /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-node1使用监视器映射和秘钥填充监视器守护程序
sudo -u ceph ceph-mon --mkfs -i node1 --monmap /tmp/monmap --keyring /tmp/ceph.mon.keyring启动监视器
sudo systemctl start ceph-mon@node1
sudo systemctl enable ceph-mon@node1 验证监视器是否正在运行
ceph -s 开启mon的v2版本
ceph mon enable-msgr2 禁用不安全模式 mon is allowing insecure global_id reclaim
ceph config set mon auth_allow_insecure_global_id_reclaim false警告：Module 'restful' has failed dependency: No module named 'pecan'，按照下面安装后重启mgr或者重启系统
pip3 install pecan werkzeug监视器守护程序配置 mgr（node1上操作）
mkdir /var/lib/ceph/mgr/ceph-node1
ceph auth get-or-create mgr.node1 mon 'allow profile mgr' osd 'allow *' mds 'allow *' > \
/var/lib/ceph/mgr/ceph-node1/keyring
-------------------------------------
systemctl start ceph-mgr@node1
systemctl enable ceph-mgr@node1 添加OSD（node1上操作）
这里使用bluestore后端，减少占用，比filestore节省空间
# 在node1上将添加3个100G硬盘加入ceph
ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdb
ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdc
ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdd添加其它节点上的OSD
# 同步配置到其它节点
scp /etc/ceph/* node2:/etc/ceph/
scp /etc/ceph/* node3:/etc/ceph/
scp /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/* node2:/var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/
scp /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/* node3:/var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/
# node2、node3节点上添加OSD
ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdb
ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdc
ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdd查看状态
[root@node1 ~]# ceph -s
cluster:
id: a7f64266-0894-4f1e-a635-d0aeaca0e993
health: HEALTH_OK
services:
mon: 1 daemons, quorum node1 (age 8m)
mgr: node1(active, since 7m)
osd: 9 osds: 9 up (since 5s), 9 in (since 7s)
data:
pools: 0 pools, 0 pgs
objects: 0 objects, 0 B
usage: 9.0 GiB used, 891 GiB / 900 GiB avail
pgs: 扩展监视器（将node2、node3也扩展为监视器）
修改ceph.conf中的mon initial members、mon host、public_network，并同步到其它节点上，
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/ceph/ceph.conf
[global]
fsid = a7f64266-0894-4f1e-a635-d0aeaca0e993
mon initial members = node1,node2,node3
mon host = 192.168.31.101,192.168.31.102,192.168.31.103
public_network = 192.168.31.0/24
cluster_network = 172.16.100.0/24
auth cluster required = cephx
auth service required = cephx
auth client required = cephx
osd journal size = 1024
osd pool default size = 3
osd pool default min size = 2
osd pool default pg num = 333
osd pool default pgp num = 333
osd crush chooseleaf type = 1
------------------------------------# 拷贝文件到其它节点
scp /etc/ceph/ceph.conf node2:/etc/ceph/
scp /etc/ceph/ceph.conf node3:/etc/ceph/在node2、node3节点上添加监视器
-------------------------# 这里给出node2的操作，node3操作类似，修改对应名字即可
# 获取集群已有的mon.keyring
ceph auth get mon. -o mon.keyring
# 获取集群已有的mon.map
ceph mon getmap -o mon.map
# 创建监视器数据目录，会自动创建/var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-node2
ceph-mon -i node2 --mkfs --monmap mon.map --keyring mon.keyring
chown ceph.ceph /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-node2 -R
# 启动mon
systemctl start ceph-mon@node2
systemctl enable ceph-mon@node2
-------------------------------------------
# 查看状态
[root@node1 ~]# ceph -s
cluster:
id: a7f64266-0894-4f1e-a635-d0aeaca0e993
health: HEALTH_OK
services:
mon: 3 daemons, quorum node1,node2,node3 (age 2m)
mgr: node1(active, since 20m)
osd: 9 osds: 9 up (since 29s), 9 in (since 13m)
task status:
data:
pools: 0 pools, 0 pgs
objects: 0 objects, 0 B
usage: 9.1 GiB used, 891 GiB / 900 GiB avail
pgs:安装Dashboard
# node1安装Dashboard
yum install ceph-mgr-dashboard -y
# 开启mgr功能
ceph mgr module enable dashboard
# 生成并安装自签名的证书
ceph dashboard create-self-signed-cert
# 创建一个dashboard登录用户名密码（ceph、123456）
echo 123456 > ceph-dashboard-password.txt
ceph dashboard ac-user-create ceph -i ceph-dashboard-password.txt administrator
# 查看服务访问方式
[root@node1 ~]# ceph mgr services
{
"dashboard": "https://node1:8443/"
}访问地址：https://node1:8443/，并使用上面添加的账号密码ceph、123456登录
2.OpenStack后端存储对接ceph
---------------------------------------------# OpenStack对接ceph前的准备
# 前三个节点node1，node2，ndoe3是ceph集群，已经安装组件，所以node4和node5要安装ceph-common
yum -y install ceph-common
--- 拷贝配置文件，在node1上拷贝到所有nova节点
for i in $(seq 2 5); do scp /etc/ceph/* node$i:/etc/ceph;done
--创建存储池 64
ceph osd pool create images 64
ceph osd pool create vms 64
ceph osd pool create volumes 64
ceph osd pool application enable images rbd
ceph osd pool application enable vms rbd
ceph osd pool application enable volumes rbd
---配置鉴权
ceph auth get-or-create client.cinder mon 'allow r' \
osd 'allow class-read object_prefix rbd_children, allow rwx pool=volumes, allow rwx pool=vms, allow rx pool=images' \
-o /etc/ceph/ceph.client.cinder.keyring
# ceph auth caps client.cinder mon 'allow *' osd 'allow *' # 开放所有权限，这里两个命令是将上面的命令进行分解
# ceph auth get client.cinder -o /etc/ceph/ceph.client.cinder.keyring # 将证书导出给服务用
ceph auth get-or-create client.glance mon 'allow r' \
osd 'allow class-read object_prefix rbd_children, allow rwx pool=images' \
-o /etc/ceph/ceph.client.glance.keyring
---将生成的key拷贝，拷贝到所有nova节点
for i in $(seq 2 5); do scp /etc/ceph/*.keyring node$i:/etc/ceph;done
--- 修改权限，拷贝到所有nova节点的key文件
for i in $(seq 2 5); do ssh node$i chown glance:glance /etc/ceph/ceph.client.glance.keyring ;done # 这两个文件glance和cinder要使用
for i in $(seq 2 5); do ssh node$i chown cinder:cinder /etc/ceph/ceph.client.cinder.keyring;done
---将秘钥加入到libvcirt中，所有nova节点执行(node2,node3.node4,node5)
ceph auth get-key client.cinder | tee client.cinder.key
uuidgen # 生成uuid，这里使用文档中的uuid
cat > secret.xml <<EOF
<secret ephemeral='no' private='no'>
<uuid>ae3d9d0a-df88-4168-b292-c07cdc2d8f02</uuid>
<usage type='ceph'>
<name>client.cinder secret</name>
</usage>
</secret>
EOF
virsh secret-define --file secret.xml
virsh secret-set-value --secret ae3d9d0a-df88-4168-b292-c07cdc2d8f02 --base64 $(cat client.cinder.key) && rm client.cinder.key secret.xml
---------------------------------------------# OpenStack对接ceph，配置 Glance 节点（node1），对接后需要重新上传镜像
# crudini --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf DEFAULT "show_image_direct_url" "True"
# crudini --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store "default_store" "rbd"
# crudini --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store "rbd_store_user" "glance"
# crudini --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store "rbd_store_pool" "images"
# crudini --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf glance_store "stores" "glance.store.filesystem.Store, glance.store.http.Store, glance.store.rbd.Store"
# crudini --set /etc/glance/glance-api.conf paste_deploy "flavor" "keystone"
---------------------------------------------# OpenStack对接ceph，配置 Cinder 节点（node4，node5）
crudini --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf DEFAULT "enabled_backends" "lvm,nfs,ceph" # 同时支持lvm、nfs、ceph
crudini --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ceph "volume_driver" "cinder.volume.drivers.rbd.RBDDriver"
crudini --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ceph "volume_backend_name" "ceph"
crudini --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ceph "rbd_pool" "volumes"
crudini --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ceph "rbd_ceph_conf" "/etc/ceph/ceph.conf"
crudini --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ceph "rbd_flatten_volume_from_snapshot" "false"
crudini --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ceph "rbd_max_clone_depth" "5"
crudini --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ceph "rados_connect_timeout" "-1"
crudini --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ceph "glance_api_version" "2"
crudini --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ceph "rbd_user" "cinder"
crudini --set /etc/cinder/cinder.conf ceph "rbd_secret_uuid" "ae3d9d0a-df88-4168-b292-c07cdc2d8f02"
---------------------------------------------# OpenStack对接ceph，配置 Nova 节点（node2，node3，node4，node5）
crudini --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt "images_type" "rbd"
crudini --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt "images_rbd_pool" "vms"
crudini --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt "images_rbd_ceph_conf" "/etc/ceph/ceph.conf"
crudini --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt "rbd_user" "cinder"
crudini --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt "rbd_secret_uuid" "ae3d9d0a-df88-4168-b292-c07cdc2d8f02"
crudini --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt "inject_password" "false"
crudini --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt "inject_key" "false"
crudini --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt "inject_partition" "-2"
crudini --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt "live_migration_flag" "VIR_MIGRATE_UNDEFINE_SOURCE,VIR_MIGRATE_PEER2PEER,VIR_MIGRATE_LIVE,VIR_MIGRATE_PERSIST_DEST"
---------------------------------------------# OpenStack重启服务
--- 控制节点
systemctl restart openstack-glance-api openstack-nova-api openstack-cinder-api openstack-cinder-scheduler
--- 计算节点
for i in $(seq 2 5); do ssh node$i systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute;done
--- 存储节点
for i in 4 5; do ssh node$i systemctl restart openstack-cinder-volume;done
---------------------------------------------# OpenStack验证，在node1节点执行
[root@node1 ~]# cinder type-create ceph
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| 228269c3-6008-4e62-9408-a2fb04d74c1a | ceph | - | True |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
[root@node1 ~]# cinder type-key ceph set volume_backend_name=ceph
--- 对glance、cinder、nova操作后确认 rbd ls images / vms / images
创建一个卷后确认
[root@node1 ~]# openstack volume create --size 1 --type ceph volume1
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| attachments | [] |
| availability_zone | nova |
| bootable | false |
| consistencygroup_id | None |
| created_at | 2022-03-01T10:22:13.000000 |
| description | None |
| encrypted | False |
| id | 3a0ee405-ad4b-4453-8b66-029aa67f7af0 |
| migration_status | None |
| multiattach | False |
| name | volume1 |
| properties | |
| replication_status | None |
| size | 1 |
| snapshot_id | None |
| source_volid | None |
| status | creating |
| type | ceph |
| updated_at | None |
| user_id | 5a44718261844cbd8a65621b9e3cea8d |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
[root@node1 ~]# rbd -p volumes ls -l # 在ceph中查看创建的块设备
NAME SIZE PARENT FMT PROT LOCK
volume-3a0ee405-ad4b-4453-8b66-029aa67f7af0 1 GiB 2
