ps & pstree

　　

ps:

ps在默认情况下,仅会列出与目前所在的bash shell有关的PID　　

1. 排序
   

   ps aux --sort=-pcpu # pcpu降序排列
   ps aux --sort=+pmem # pmem升序排列

    

2. 定制显示选项
   

   ps -e -o pid,user,pcpu,pmem,rss
   ps ax -o pid,user,pcpu,pmem,rss,command,nice,etime

   

    

    

    

    

3. --forest选项显示进程数
   

   ps auxf
   ps aux --forest
   ps -elf --forest
   ps -elfH

    

4. -C 显示某个进程,注意此选项不要与-e x等同时使用,可以加入其他修饰选项
   

   ps -fjl --forest -C sshd

   

    

    

   ps au --forest -C sshd

   

    

5.  显示完整用户名
   

    使用-o选项

   ps ax -o user=userforlongname,command|grep elasticsearch

   

    

6. -L选项显示LWP,light-weighted process线程相关信息
   

    

    

   ps -elfL|awk '$NF ~ /^[^[]/ && $3 ~ /polkitd|UID/{print $0}'

   把polkitd的LWP信息删选出来
   

    

    PID相同,LWP是线程ID,NLWP显示PID 571内的LWP数量

   ps -lfjL 571

   根据当前polkitd的进程ID来查找也是可以的
   

    

    

7. ps -elfj > vv
   awk 'NR==FNR{b[$2]++} NR!=FNR && ++p[$2]==1{print $2,b[$2]}' vv vv

   

    

    

    Linux中的进程状态
   D      Uninterruptible sleep (usually IO) 不可中断睡眠
   R      Running or runnable (on run queue)
   S       Interruptible sleep 可中断睡眠
   T       Stopped,either by a job control signal or because it is being traced
   Z        Zombie,defunct process,terminated but not reapted by its parent

                  D    uninterruptible sleep (usually IO) 不可中断睡眠
                  R    running or runnable (on run queue) (正在运行或在运行队列中等待)
                  S    interruptible sleep (waiting for an event to complete)
                  T    stopped by job control signal
                  t    stopped by debugger during the tracing
                  Z    defunct ("zombie") process, terminated but not reaped by its parent

    

          For BSD formats and when the stat keyword is used, additional characters may be displayed:
   
                  <    high-priority (not nice to other users)
                  N    low-priority (nice to other users)
                  L    has pages locked into memory (for real-time and custom IO)
                  s    is a session leader
                  l    is multi-threaded (using CLONE_THREAD, like NPTL pthreads do)
                  +    is in the foreground process group

    

8. 
   

    

   F列(Process flag),上图统计了flag的各进程数量

   1 forked but didn't exec
   4 used super-user privileges

    

9. 查询进程的线程数量
   PID查询
   

   pstree -p 571

   

    

    进程名称

   pstree -p `ps -e|grep polkitd|grep -v grep|awk '{print $1}'`

    

10. 统计处于Interruptible sleep的LWP数量
    

    #!/bin/env sh
    
    sum=0
    for b in `ps -elf|awk 'BEGIN{IGNORECASE=1} $2 ~ /s/{print $4}'`;do
            p=`pstree -p $b | wc --lines`
            let sum=sum+$p
    done
    
    echo -e "\e[7;36msleeping LWP number: $sum\e[0m"

    

     

     

     

11. 
    

     

     发送STOP信号后,脚本zx处于了T状态
    

     

     发送 CONT信号后,处于了S状态

12.  

     

     

     

    
    

     

 

 

 

 

pstree:     Display a tree of processes
　　pstree 后接 PID | USER,如果不接显示全部

1. -p 显示额外PID
2. -a arguments 显示额外参数

 pstack:

查看进程的stack信息

[root@perpetual vbn]# pstack 571
Thread 7 (Thread 0x7f170f6ff700 (LWP 608)):
#0  0x00007f1713309c3d in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007f171428c37c in g_main_context_iterate.isra.19 () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#2  0x00007f171428c4ac in g_main_context_iteration () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#3  0x00007f171428c4e9 in glib_worker_main () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#4  0x00007f17142b3540 in g_thread_proxy () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#5  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#6  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 6 (Thread 0x7f170eefe700 (LWP 609)):
#0  0x00007f1713309c3d in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007f171428c37c in g_main_context_iterate.isra.19 () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#2  0x00007f171428c6ca in g_main_loop_run () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#3  0x00007f1714876c36 in gdbus_shared_thread_func () from /lib64/libgio-2.0.so.0
#4  0x00007f17142b3540 in g_thread_proxy () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#5  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#6  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 5 (Thread 0x7f170e6fd700 (LWP 610)):
#0  0x00007f1713309c3d in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007f171428c37c in g_main_context_iterate.isra.19 () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#2  0x00007f171428c6ca in g_main_loop_run () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#3  0x0000555f98ea6615 in child_reaper_thread_func ()
#4  0x00007f17142b3540 in g_thread_proxy () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#5  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#6  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 4 (Thread 0x7f170defc700 (LWP 611)):
#0  0x00007f17135efa35 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#1  0x00007f17106af270 in PR_WaitCondVar () from /lib64/libnspr4.so
#2  0x00007f17138aefb0 in js::GCHelperThread::threadLoop() () from /lib64/libmozjs-17.0.so
#3  0x00007f17106b4c5b in _pt_root () from /lib64/libnspr4.so
#4  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#5  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 3 (Thread 0x7f170d2fb700 (LWP 612)):
#0  0x00007f17135efa35 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#1  0x00007f17106af270 in PR_WaitCondVar () from /lib64/libnspr4.so
#2  0x00007f17139452be in js::SourceCompressorThread::threadLoop() () from /lib64/libmozjs-17.0.so
#3  0x00007f17106b4c5b in _pt_root () from /lib64/libnspr4.so
#4  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#5  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 2 (Thread 0x7f16f7fff700 (LWP 613)):
#0  0x00007f1713309c3d in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007f171428c37c in g_main_context_iterate.isra.19 () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#2  0x00007f171428c6ca in g_main_loop_run () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#3  0x0000555f98ea64ad in runaway_killer_thread_func ()
#4  0x00007f17142b3540 in g_thread_proxy () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#5  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#6  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 1 (Thread 0x7f1714f69900 (LWP 571)):
#0  0x00007f1713309c3d in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007f171428c37c in g_main_context_iterate.isra.19 () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#2  0x00007f171428c6ca in g_main_loop_run () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#3  0x0000555f98ea25c5 in main ()