ps & pstree

ps:

ps在默认情况下,仅会列出与目前所在的bash shell有关的PID　　

排序

ps aux --sort=-pcpu # pcpu降序排列
ps aux --sort=+pmem # pmem升序排列

定制显示选项

ps -e -o pid,user,pcpu,pmem,rss
ps ax -o pid,user,pcpu,pmem,rss,command,nice,etime

--forest选项显示进程数

ps auxf
ps aux --forest
ps -elf --forest
ps -elfH

-C 显示某个进程,注意此选项不要与-e x等同时使用,可以加入其他修饰选项
```
ps -fjl --forest -C sshd
```
```
ps au --forest -C sshd
```

显示完整用户名

使用-o选项

ps ax -o user=userforlongname,command|grep elasticsearch

-L选项显示LWP,light-weighted process线程相关信息
```
ps -elfL|awk '$NF ~ /^[^[]/ && $3 ~ /polkitd|UID/{print $0}'
```
把polkitd的LWP信息删选出来

PID相同,LWP是线程ID,NLWP显示PID 571内的LWP数量
```
ps -lfjL 571
```
根据当前polkitd的进程ID来查找也是可以的

ps -elfj > vv
awk 'NR==FNR{b[$2]++} NR!=FNR && ++p[$2]==1{print $2,b[$2]}' vv vv

Linux中的进程状态
D      Uninterruptible sleep (usually IO) 不可中断睡眠
R      Running or runnable (on run queue)
S       Interruptible sleep 可中断睡眠
T       Stopped,either by a job control signal or because it is being traced
Z        Zombie,defunct process,terminated but not reapted by its parent

               D    uninterruptible sleep (usually IO) 不可中断睡眠
               R    running or runnable (on run queue) (正在运行或在运行队列中等待)
               S    interruptible sleep (waiting for an event to complete)
               T    stopped by job control signal
               t    stopped by debugger during the tracing
               Z    defunct ("zombie") process, terminated but not reaped by its parent

       For BSD formats and when the stat keyword is used, additional characters may be displayed:

               <    high-priority (not nice to other users)
               N    low-priority (nice to other users)
               L    has pages locked into memory (for real-time and custom IO)
               s    is a session leader
               l    is multi-threaded (using CLONE_THREAD, like NPTL pthreads do)
               +    is in the foreground process group

F列(Process flag),上图统计了flag的各进程数量
```
1 forked but didn't exec
4 used super-user privileges
```

查询进程的线程数量
PID查询

pstree -p 571

进程名称

pstree -p `ps -e|grep polkitd|grep -v grep|awk '{print $1}'`

统计处于Interruptible sleep的LWP数量

#!/bin/env sh

sum=0
for b in `ps -elf|awk 'BEGIN{IGNORECASE=1} $2 ~ /s/{print $4}'`;do
        p=`pstree -p $b | wc --lines`
        let sum=sum+$p
done

echo -e "\e[7;36msleeping LWP number: $sum\e[0m"

发送STOP信号后,脚本zx处于了T状态

发送 CONT信号后,处于了S状态

pstree: Display a tree of processes
　　pstree 后接 PID | USER,如果不接显示全部

-p 显示额外PID
-a arguments 显示额外参数

pstack:

查看进程的stack信息

[root@perpetual vbn]# pstack 571
Thread 7 (Thread 0x7f170f6ff700 (LWP 608)):
#0  0x00007f1713309c3d in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007f171428c37c in g_main_context_iterate.isra.19 () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#2  0x00007f171428c4ac in g_main_context_iteration () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#3  0x00007f171428c4e9 in glib_worker_main () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#4  0x00007f17142b3540 in g_thread_proxy () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#5  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#6  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 6 (Thread 0x7f170eefe700 (LWP 609)):
#0  0x00007f1713309c3d in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007f171428c37c in g_main_context_iterate.isra.19 () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#2  0x00007f171428c6ca in g_main_loop_run () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#3  0x00007f1714876c36 in gdbus_shared_thread_func () from /lib64/libgio-2.0.so.0
#4  0x00007f17142b3540 in g_thread_proxy () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#5  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#6  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 5 (Thread 0x7f170e6fd700 (LWP 610)):
#0  0x00007f1713309c3d in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007f171428c37c in g_main_context_iterate.isra.19 () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#2  0x00007f171428c6ca in g_main_loop_run () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#3  0x0000555f98ea6615 in child_reaper_thread_func ()
#4  0x00007f17142b3540 in g_thread_proxy () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#5  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#6  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 4 (Thread 0x7f170defc700 (LWP 611)):
#0  0x00007f17135efa35 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#1  0x00007f17106af270 in PR_WaitCondVar () from /lib64/libnspr4.so
#2  0x00007f17138aefb0 in js::GCHelperThread::threadLoop() () from /lib64/libmozjs-17.0.so
#3  0x00007f17106b4c5b in _pt_root () from /lib64/libnspr4.so
#4  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#5  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 3 (Thread 0x7f170d2fb700 (LWP 612)):
#0  0x00007f17135efa35 in pthread_cond_wait@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#1  0x00007f17106af270 in PR_WaitCondVar () from /lib64/libnspr4.so
#2  0x00007f17139452be in js::SourceCompressorThread::threadLoop() () from /lib64/libmozjs-17.0.so
#3  0x00007f17106b4c5b in _pt_root () from /lib64/libnspr4.so
#4  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#5  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 2 (Thread 0x7f16f7fff700 (LWP 613)):
#0  0x00007f1713309c3d in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007f171428c37c in g_main_context_iterate.isra.19 () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#2  0x00007f171428c6ca in g_main_loop_run () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#3  0x0000555f98ea64ad in runaway_killer_thread_func ()
#4  0x00007f17142b3540 in g_thread_proxy () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#5  0x00007f17135ebea5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#6  0x00007f17133148dd in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
Thread 1 (Thread 0x7f1714f69900 (LWP 571)):
#0  0x00007f1713309c3d in poll () from /lib64/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007f171428c37c in g_main_context_iterate.isra.19 () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#2  0x00007f171428c6ca in g_main_loop_run () from /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0
#3  0x0000555f98ea25c5 in main ()