NSnotificationcenter

对象之间进行通信最基本的方式就是消息传递,在Cocoa中提供Notification Center机制来完成这一任务。其主要作用就是负责在任意两个对象之间进行通信。使用方法很简单,如下几个步骤即可:

假设A与B之间进行通信,B来触发事件,A接受该事件,并作出响应。
1) A编写自定义的消息响应函数update
2) A向消息中心注册,[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver: self selector:@selector(update) name:@"update" object:nil]
3) B触发事件[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:@"update" object:nil]

每一个进程都有一个默认的NSNotificationCenter,可以通过类方法defaultCenter获取该消息中心的实例。消息中心可以处理同一进程中不同对象之间的消息。如果要在同一台机器上进行进程间的通信,需要使用NSDistributedNotificationCenter。

消息中心以同步的方式将消息分发到所有的观察者中,换言之,直到所有的观察者都收到消息并处理完毕以后,控制权才会回到调用者的手里。如果需要异步的处理消息,需要使用通知队列NSNotificationQueue。

在多线程程序中,通知会被分发到每一个发起消息的线程中,这可能与观察者注册时所在的线程已经不是同一线程。

实例:
@implementation TestClass  
  
- (void) dealloc  
{  
    // If you don't remove yourself as an observer, the Notification Center  
    // will continue to try and send notification objects to the deallocated  
    // object.  
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self];  
    [super dealloc];  
}  
  
- (id) init  
{  
    self = [super init];  
    if (!self) return nil;  
  
    // Add this instance of TestClass as an observer of the TestNotification.  
    // We tell the notification center to inform us of "TestNotification"  
    // notifications using the receiveTestNotification: selector. By  
    // specifying object:nil, we tell the notification center that we are not  
    // interested in who posted the notification. If you provided an actual  
    // object rather than nil, the notification center will only notify you  
    // when the notification was posted by that particular object.  
  
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self  
                                             selector:@selector(receiveTestNotification:)   
                                                 name:@"TestNotification"  
                                               object:nil];  
  
    return self;  
}  
  
- (void) receiveTestNotification:(NSNotification *) notification  
{  
    // [notification name] should always be @"TestNotification"  
    // unless you use this method for observation of other notifications  
    // as well.  
  
    if ([[notification name] isEqualToString:@"TestNotification"])  
        NSLog (@"Successfully received the test notification!");  
}  
  
@end

 

posted @ 2014-09-21 15:46  lau  Views(220)  Comments(0Edit  收藏  举报