Linux 上安装 Mysql 二进制版

1、下载软件，上传至 /usr/local/src

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

2、解压

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

移动至 /usr/local/mysql

mv mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

3、创建系统用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

绑定目录

# 数据目录
chown mysql:mysql -R /opt/mysql/data
chmod 755 -R /opt/mysql/data
# 软件目录
chown mysql:mysql -R /usr/local/mysql
chmod 755 -R /usr/local/mysql

4、配置属性

初始化程序

bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data

最后一行会出现密码

 A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: #UfN1fswv0ns

添加 mysql 服务

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

修改配置文件
vi /etc/my.cnf

  [client]
  port        = 3306  
  socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock   
  [mysqld]
  # 字符集
  character-set-server=utf8mb4
  # 排序规则
  collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
  init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
  port        = 3306  
  socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock
  # 基础配置目录
  basedir = /usr/local/mysql

  # 数据存储目录
  datadir = /opt/mysql/data

  key_buffer_size=16M
  max_allowed_packet=8M

​

启动mysql
service mysql start
​

修改密码

第一次需要修改密码
alter user user() identified by "123456";
开启远程访问
grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
刷新
flush privileges;

锦囊

如果遇到无法创建目录，先创建目标文件夹，并分配权限给用户 mysql。

参考文献

https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/116727.html
https://juejin.cn/post/6844903870053761037#heading-24
https://blog.csdn.net/ACBC12345/article/details/100875156
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/option-files.html