C# OLE方式访问Excel文件

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;


namespace Bases
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for ExcelClass.
/// </summary>
public class ExcelClass
{
public ExcelClass()
{
//
// TODO: Add constructor logic here
//
}
}
class ExcelDB
{
//string SPath;
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection OleDBCn;
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand OleDBCmd;
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter OleAdp;
System.Data.DataSet Ds;
System.Data.DataTable Dt;
/// <summary>
/// 构造连接对象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sFileName">连接字符串</param>
public ExcelDB(string sFileName)
{
try
{
string STemp="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+sFileName+";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
System.Console.WriteLine (STemp);
OleDBCn=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection (STemp);
OleDBCmd=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand ();
OleAdp=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter();
Ds=new DataSet ();
Dt=new System.Data.DataTable  ();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Eric.Common.YHJMessage.ErrorMsg(ex.Source+ex.Message );
}
}


public bool insertSql(string StrSql)
{
try
{
OleDBCn.Open ();
OleDBCmd.Connection =OleDBCn;
OleDBCmd.CommandText =StrSql;
OleDBCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
return true;
}
catch (System.Data.OleDb.OleDbException e)
{
System.Console.WriteLine(e.Message );
return false;
}
}
public DataTable GetAll(string strSheet)
{
OleDBCn.Open();
OleDBCmd.Connection =OleDBCn;


OleDBCmd.CommandText ="Select * from ["+strSheet.Trim()+"$]";
OleAdp.SelectCommand =OleDBCmd;
try
{
OleAdp.Fill (Ds);
Dt=Ds.Tables[0];
OleDBCn.Close ();
return Dt;


}
catch (System.Exception e)
{
Eric.Common.YHJMessage.ErrorMsg(e.Source+e.Message );
OleDBCn.Close ();
return null;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// class ExcelDbTwo
/// </summary>
class ExcelDbTwo
{
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection OleDBCn;
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand OleDBCmd;
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter OleAdp;
System.Data.DataSet Ds;
System.Data.DataTable Dt;
/// <summary>
/// public ExcelDbTwo()
/// </summary>
public ExcelDbTwo()
{


}
/// <summary>
/// public DataTable GetDataTable(string fileDir)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fileDir"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public DataTable GetDataTable(string fileDir)
{
try
{
string _dbSource = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;"
+ "Data Source=" + fileDir.Trim() 
+ ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0";


string _sheetName = "[" + "sheet" + "$]";


//sql语句:
string _sql = "select * from " + _sheetName;
OleDBCn=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection (_sql);
OleDBCmd=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand ();
OleAdp=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter();
Ds=new DataSet ();
Dt=new System.Data.DataTable  ();


OleDBCn.Open ();
OleDBCmd.Connection =OleDBCn;
OleDBCmd.CommandText =_sheetName;
OleDBCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();


try
{
OleAdp.Fill (Ds);
Dt=Ds.Tables[0];
OleDBCn.Close ();
return Dt;


}
catch (System.Exception e)
{
Eric.Common.YHJMessage.ErrorMsg(e.Source+e.Message );
OleDBCn.Close ();
return null;
}
}
catch{return null;}
}
}
}






一. 直接调用COM组件
(如excel 2003)引用COM组件,添加excel的com对象Microsoft Excel 11.0 Object,然后在引用中可以看到
Microsoft.Office.Core,Excel,VBIDE三个对象。此时在程序中需要引入:


using System.Reflection;
using Microsoft.Office.Core;
using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;


基本的操作方式:
   Application excel = new ApplicationClass();
                excel.Visible = false;
                Workbook wb = excel.Workbooks._Open(modelFile, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value
                    , Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value
                    , Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);


                Worksheet xSheet = (Worksheet)wb.Sheets[1];


        //Sheets sts = wb.Worksheets;
        //_Worksheet st = (_Worksheet)sts.get_Item(1);
        //st.Cells[3, 5] = "111"; //直接在cell上写值
        //st.Cells[2, 5] = "hahaha";


                Range range = xSheet.get_Range("A3", "H3");
                object[] objLines = { a200.Date, a200.PreviousClosePrice, a200.OpenPrice, a200.High, a200.Low, a200.Close, a200.Change, a200.ChangeRate };
                range.set_Value(Missing.Value, objLines);


                wb.SaveAs(fileName, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange,
                    Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);


                //wb.Close(false, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);


//以下步骤必须进行,否则Excel在进程里不能自动释放
                NAR(range);
                NAR(xSheet);
                wb.Close(false, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
                NAR(wb);                     
                excel.Quit();
                NAR(excel);
                System.GC.Collect();




//以往的做法是将进程里所以的Excel进程Kill掉,不推荐!




private void NAR(object o)
        {
            try
            {
                System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(o);//强制释放一个对象
            }
            catch { }
            finally
            {
                o = null;
            }
        }


二. 通过OLEDB操作Excel
     OleDbConnection conn = null;
            try
            {
              //fileName 表示要操纵的Excel的文件路径,如果excel不存在,现创建它,可以通过模版文件复制创建。
                string strConn;
                strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" +
                "Data Source=" + fileName + ";" +
                "Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=no;IMEX=0'";


                conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
                conn.Open();
                System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand cmd = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand();
                cmd.Connection = conn;
                //在Excel的Sheet1的A3到H3处插入数据
                cmd.CommandText = "insert into [Sheet1$A3:H3] (F1,F2,F3,F4,F5,F6,F7,F8) values('" + a200.Date + "','"
                    + a200.PreviousClosePrice + "','" + a200.OpenPrice + "','" + a200.High + "','" + a200.Low + "','" + a200.Close + "','" +
                    a200.Change + "','" + a200.ChangeRate + "')";
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                conn.Close();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                if (conn != null)
                    conn.Close();
                Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
            }


注:
1)使用 Excel 工作簿时,默认情况下,区域中的第一行是标题行(或字段名称)。如果第一个区域不包含标题,您可以在连接字符串的扩展属性中指定 HDR=NO。
如果您在连接字符串中指定 HDR=NO,Jet OLE DB 提供程序将自动为您命名字段(F1 表示第一个字段,F2 表示第二个字段,依此类推);
2)IMEX=1将所有读入数据
看作字符,其他值(02)请查阅相关帮助文档;3)如果出现“找不到可安装的isam”错误,一般是连接字符串错误。


3、从excel文件读取数据
string sql = "select * from [sheet1$]";
DoOleSql(sql,"test.xls");


4、更新excel文件中的数据
string sql = "update [sheet1$] set FieldName1='333' where FieldName2='b3'";
DoOleSql(sql,"test.xls");


5、向excel文件插入数据
string sql = "insert into [sheet1$](FieldName1,FieldName2,…) values('a',’b’,…)";
DoOleSql(sql,"test.xls");


6、删除excel文件中的数据:不提倡使用这种方法
7、对于非标准结构的excel表格,可以指定excel中sheet的范围
1)读取数据:string sql = "select * from [sheet1$A3:F20]";
2)更新数据:string sql = "update [sheet1$A9:F15] set FieldName='333' where AnotherFieldName='b3'";
3)插入数据:string sql = "insert into [sheet1$A9:F15](FieldName1,FieldName2,…) values('a',’b’,…)";
4)删除数据:不提倡
注:1)代码根据需要可以自行修改;2)如果出现“操作必须使用一个可更新的查询”错误,可能sql语句中对excel文件中的“字段”引用有错误,或对excel文件不
具有“修改”权限;3)如果出现“不能扩充选定范围”错误,可能是对excel文件引用的“范围”有错误。






















private String[] GetExcelSheetNames(string excelFile)
{
  OleDbConnection objConn = null;
  System.Data.DataTable dt = null;


  try
  {
    // Connection String. Change the excel file to the file you
    // will search.
    String connString = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + 
        "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
    // Create connection object by using the preceding connection string.
    objConn = new OleDbConnection(connString);
    // Open connection with the database.
    objConn.Open();
    // Get the data table containg the schema guid.
    dt = objConn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);
 
    if(dt == null)
    {
      return null;
    }


    String[] excelSheets = new String[dt.Rows.Count];
    int i = 0;


    // Add the sheet name to the string array.
    foreach(DataRow row in dt.Rows)
    {
      excelSheets[i] = row["TABLE_NAME"].ToString();
      i++;
    }


    // Loop through all of the sheets if you want too...
    for(int j=0; j < excelSheets.Length; j++)
    {
      // Query each excel sheet.
    }


    return excelSheets;
  }
  catch(Exception ex)
  {
    return null;
  }
  finally
  {
    // Clean up.
    if(objConn != null)
    {
      objConn.Close();
      objConn.Dispose();
    }
    if(dt != null)
    {
      dt.Dispose();
    }
  }
}

 

posted @ 2022-07-27 11:14  devgis  阅读(215)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报