快应用参数传递

在快应用开发过程中,开发者会经常面临多页面之间的参数传递问题,今天我们就详细介绍几种常见的方法,并介绍一下各自的特点。

  • 获取全局参数:通常用于全局配置,例如位置、步数、弹幕模式等等,由于JS是单线程的,保证了变量的线性安全。

方式一:在mainfest.json的congfig.data中定义用户全局变量hellowDemo,例如位置信息、步数等,在其他页面通过this.$app.$data.helloDemo获取,并修改参数值

"config": {

"data":{

"helloDemo":"This is a demo"

}

},

方式二:在app.ux的data中定义{index:”” } ,其他页面通过this.$app.$def.data.index获得

<script>

module.exports = {

onCreate() {

console.info('Application onCreate');

},

onDestroy() {

console.info('Application onDestroy');

},

//此处定义全局变量index

data: {

index:0

}

}

</script>

其他页面获取使用变量

<template>

<div style="flex-direction: column">

<text>{{title}}:{{count}}</text>

<input type="button" onclick="addnum" value="add" />

</div>

</template>

<script>

export default {

private: {

count: "",

title: ""

},

onShow(options) {

this.title = this.$app.$data.helloDemo;

this.count = this.$app.$def.data.index;

},

addnum() {

//方式一

this.$app.$data.helloDemo = this.$app.$data.helloDemo === "This is a demo"? "This is not a demo" : "This is a demo";

this.title = this.$app.$data.helloDemo;

//方式二

this.$app.$def.data.index += 10;

this.count = this.$app.$def.data.index;

}

}

</script>

  • 父子组件之间传值:

父组件传值给子组件

方式一,通过子组件定义props暴露属性,一般都是先把子组件开发完,使用三方组件也属于这种方式)

ž 通过子组件child的props定义变量/属性(parnet、childName、childAge)

ž 在父组件中通过<child parent="{{setParent}}" child-name="{{setChildName}}" child-age="{{setChildAge}}"> </child>传参

父组件代码:

<import name="child" src="../Child/child.ux"></import>

<template>

<div class="container">

<child child-name="{{setChildName}}" child-age="{{setChildAge}}"></child>

<input type="button" value="NextChild" onclick="InitChild" />

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

private: {

setChildName: "xiaoming",

setChildAge: 18

},

InitChild: function () {

this.setChildName = this.setChildName === "xiaoming"?"xiaohong":"xiaoming";

this.setChildAge = this.setChildAge === "18"?"20":"18";

}

}

</script>

子组件代码:

<template>

<div class="container">

<text class="child">Child name is :{{myName}}</text>

<text class="child">Child age is :{{myAge}}</text>

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

//props支持array和Object两种类型

//方式一

props: ['childName', 'childAge', 'parent'],

//方式二

// props:{

// childName:"",

// childAge:""

// },

computed: {

myName: {

get()

{ return this.childName },

set(value)

{

this.childName = value;

}

},

myAge: {

get()

{ return this.childAge },

set(value)

{

this.childAge = value;

}

}

}

}

</script>

方式二,通过广播的方式,在广播事件内通过evt.detail实现参数传递,记重点:只能向下传递,一直向下传递,除非被Stop

示例代码:父组件分别引入child/child2两个自定义组件,并通过按钮Start发送广播

<import name="child1" src="../Child/child.ux"></import>

<import name="child2" src="../Child/child2.ux"></import>

<template>

<div class="container">

<child1></child1>

<child2></child2>

<input type="button" value="Start" onclick="Start" />

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

private: {

setChildName: "xiaoming",

setChildAge: 18

},

Start: function () {

console.log("start broadcast");

this.setChildName = this.setChildName === "xiaoming"?"xiaohong":"xiaoming";

this.setChildAge = this.setChildAge === "18"?"20":"18";

this.$broadcast('listensEveryOne',{"childName":this.setChildName,"childAge":this.setChildAge}) //开始广播,向下传递childName、childAge、parent

}

}

</script>

Child组件:引入grandson组件,定义listensEveryOne接受广播,并通过evt.detail获取广播信息

<import name="grandson" src="../Child/grandson.ux"></import>

<template>

<div class="container">

<text class="child">Child name is :{{myName}}</text>

<text class="child">Child age is :{{myAge}}</text>

<grandson></grandson>

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

data() {

return {

myName: "",

myAge:""

}

},

onInit: function () {

this.$on('listensEveryOne', this.listensEveryOne)

},

listensEveryOne(evt) {

this.myName = evt.detail.childName;

this.myAge = evt.detail.childAge;

}

}

</script>

Child2组件,引入grandson,定义listensEveryOne接受广播,并stop广播,终止后子组件grandson.ux不再收到广播

<import name="grandson" src="../Child/grandson.ux"></import>

<template>

<div class="container">

<text class="child">Child name is :{{myName}}</text>

<text class="child">Child age is :{{myAge}}</text>

<grandson></grandson>

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

data() {

return {

myName: "xiaohong",

myAge: "20"

}

},

onInit: function () {

this.$on('listensEveryOne', this.listensEveryOne);

},

listensEveryOne(evt) {

evt.stop();

}

}

</script>

Grandson.ux组件,接受可以打开或关闭接受广播

<template>

<div class="container">

<text class="child">Child name is :{{myName}}</text>

<text class="child">Child age is :{{myAge}}</text>

<input id="hiO" type="button" value="{{btnValue}}" onclick="change"/>

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

data() {

return {

myName: "",

myAge:"",

btnValue:"Close"

}

},

onInit: function () {

this.$on('listensEveryOne', this.listensEveryOne)

},

listensEveryOne(evt) {

this.myName = evt.detail.childName;

this.myAge = evt.detail.childAge;

},

change: function() {

if(this.btnValue==="Close")

{

this.$off('listensEveryOne', this.listensEveryOne);

this.btnValue = "Open"

}

else{

this.$on('listensEveryOne', this.listensEveryOne)

this.btnValue = "Close";

}

}

}

</script>

2.子组件向父组件传值

方式一:通过dispatch方式,与broadcast相反,dispatch只能向上传递,一直冒泡,如果想要停止在响应方法中执行stop实例代码如下:

父组件:添加事件tellevt句柄listenSon,用来接受冒泡事件

<import name="child1" src="../Child/child.ux"></import>

<import name="child2" src="../Child/child2.ux"></import>

<template>

<div class="container">

<text class="title">My grandson is:{{setChildName}}</text>

<child1></child1>

<child2></child2>

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

private: {

setChildName: "",

},

onInit: function () {

this.$on('tellevt', this.listenSon)

},

listenSon(evt) {

console.log("myName:",evt.detail.grandSonName);

this.setChildName = evt.detail.grandSonName;

}

}

</script>

组件一:从grandson组件中获取sonName

<import name="grandson" src="../Child/grandson.ux"></import>

<template>

<div class="container">

<text class="child">My son name :{{sonName}}</text>

<grandson></grandson>

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

data() {

return {

sonName: "",

}

},

onInit: function () {

this.$on('tellevt', this.listenSon)

},

listenSon(evt) {

this.sonName = evt.detail.grandSonName;

}

}

</script>

组件二:定义事件处理句柄,并在句柄中调用stop,停止继续冒泡

<import name="grandson" src="../Child/grandson.ux"></import>

<template>

<div class="container">

<text class="child">My son name :{{sonName}}</text>

<grandson></grandson>

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

data() {

return {

sonName: ""

}

},

onInit: function () {

this.$on('tellevt', this.listenSon)

},

listenSon(evt) {

this.sonName = evt.detail.grandSonName;

evt.stop()

}

}

</script>

组件三:定义冒泡事件,传递参数myName

<template>

<div class="container">

<text class="child">Child name is :{{myName}}</text>

<input id="hiO" type="button" value="showMyName" onclick="dispatchEvt" />

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

data() {

return {

myName: "xiaoMing",

}

},

dispatchEvt: function () {

this.$dispatch('tellevt', { grandSonName: this.myName })

}

}

</script>

方式二:通过$emit执行父组件方法,注意:跨层调用需要使用$listeners

父组件:绑定组件事件,childEvt添加句柄listenSon,ongrandson同样添加句柄listenSon,

<import name="child1" src="../Child/child.ux"></import>

<import name="child2" src="../Child/child2.ux"></import>

<template>

<div class="container">

<text class="title">My name is:{{setName}}</text>

<child1 onchild-evt="listenSon"></child1>

<child2 ongrandson="listenSon" ></child2>

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

private: {

setName: "",

},

listenSon(evt) {

this.setName = evt.detail.myName;

}

}

</script>

组件一:因为是直接被父组件使用,可直接在script中通过$emit触发childEvt事件,执行父窗口的listenSon方法,通过$emit的params携带参数,在父组件的响应句柄中通过evt.detail.**获取,完成子组件到服务间的参数传递

<import name="grandson" src="../Child/grandson.ux"></import>

<template>

<div class="container">

<text class="child">My parent is :{{parentName}}</text>

<input type="button" value="setParnetName" onclick="setParnetName" />

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

data() {

return {

parentName: ""

}

},

setParnetName: function() {

this.parentName = 'Mr Li';

this.$emit('childEvt', {myName: this.parentName});

}

}

</script>

组件二:如果事件需要扩层级传递,需要在透传组件增加$listeners

<import name="grandson" src="../Child/grandson.ux"></import>

<template>

<div class="container">

<grandson $listeners></grandson>

</div>

</template>

组件三:第三层组件,通过$emit执行父组件方法

<template>

<div class="container">

<input type="button" value="set Z's Parent" onclick="setParnetName" />

</div>

</template>

<script>

module.exports = {

setParnetName: function () {

this.parentName = 'Mr Z';

this.$emit('grandson', { myName: this.parentName });

}

}

</script>

  • 页面间传值:通过router.push方法的params携带参数,类似URL跳转时通过https://****/index.html?name=**&value=**传递参数

页面一:

<template>

<div class="container">

<input type="button" value="GoChild" onclick="goChild" />

</div>

</template>

<script>

import router from '@system.router';

module.exports = {

data() {

return {

titiless: ""

}

},

goChild: function () {

router.push({

uri: '/Brother',

params: {musicKey:"1",musicName:"zuiweidadezuopin"}

})

}

}

</script>

目标页面:通过名称相同的变量接受,记重点:名称相同且不能为private类型的

<script>

import router from '@system.router';

module.exports = {

data: {

musicName: '',

musicKey:""

},

goChild: function () {

router.push({

uri: '/Child',

})

}

}

</script>

还有一种消息通道方式的,没有想到使用场景,就先不介绍了,官方论坛有使用说明

 

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posted @ 2022-08-24 09:11  华为开发者论坛  阅读(134)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报