nginx的安装

今天准备在centos服务器上安装nginx.参考官方http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html#RHEL-CentOS

1. sudo yum install yum-utils
   2.创建 /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo 
   内容如下：
   [nginx-stable]
   name=nginx stable repo
   baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
   gpgcheck=1
   enabled=1
   gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
3. sudo yum-config-manager --enable nginx-mainline
出现了个错误：File "/bin/yum-config-manager", line 135
原因是python 升级到3.6.8，修改yum-config-manager 第一行

!/usr/bin/python -tt 改为python2

4. sudo yum install nginx
   When prompted to accept the GPG key, verify that the fingerprint matches 573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62, and if so, accept it.
   已安装: nginx.x86_64 1:1.17.0-1.el7.ngx

nginx及其模块的工作方式在配置文件中确定。默认情况下，配置文件被命名nginx.conf 并放在目录/usr/local/nginx/conf,/etc/nginx，或 /usr/local/etc/nginx。

nginx -s signal
signal:
stop — fast shutdown 如：nginx -s stop
quit — graceful shutdown
reload — reloading the configuration file
reopen — reopening the log files
一、yum安装之后的目录详解

路径                                            类型                                                    作用  
/etc/logrotate.d/nginx                 配置文件                  nginx日志轮转，用于logrotate服务的日志切割

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/etc/nginx/

/etc/nginx/conf.d                        目录、配置文件                          nginx主配置文件

/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

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/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params

/etc/nginx/scgi_params                        配置文件                          cgi配置相关，fastcgi配置

/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params

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/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win                                配置文件                  编码转换映射转化文件(很少用到)
/etc/nginx/win-utf

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/etc/nginx/mime.types                        配置文件                                       设置HTTP协议的Content-Type与拓展名对应关系

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/etc/sysconfig/nginx
/etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug                              配置文件                      用于配置出系统守护进程管理器的管理方式      
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx-debug.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

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/usr/lib64/nginx/modules                            目录

/etc/nginx/modules                                                         Nginx目录模块

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/usr/sbin/nginx                                            命令               Nginx服务的启动管理的终端命令
/usr/sbin/nginx-debug

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/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.15.0                        文件、目录

/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.15.0/COPYRIGHT

/usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz                                        Nginx的手册和帮助文件

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/var/cache/nginx                                            目录                                Nginx的缓存目录

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/var/log/nginx                                                目录                                Nginx的日志目录

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nginx -V ：会出现如下信息

nginx version: nginx/1.17.0
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie'

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-prefix=/etc/nginx 
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx 
--modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules 
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log                           安装目录或者路径
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log 
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid

--lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock

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--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp 
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp 
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp              执行对应模块时，Nginx所保留的临时性文件
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp 
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp

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--user=nginx 
--group=nginx                                   设定Nginx的进程启动的用户和组用户

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--with-cc-opt                                                                      C语言编译

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--with-ld-opt=                                            设置附加的参数，链接系统库

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