Springboot 生成验证码

技术：springboot+kaptcha+session

概述

场景介绍验证码，用于web网站。用户点击验证码图片后，生成验证码。提交后，用户输入验证码和Session验证码，进行校验。

详细

代码下载：http://www.demodashi.com/demo/14864.html

一、目录结构

QQ图片20190119112905.png

二、功能讲解

（1）验证码配置文件

打开KaptchaConfig.java

@Component
public class KaptchaConfig {
 
    @Bean
    public DefaultKaptcha getDefaultKaptcha() {
        com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha();
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        // 图片边框
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border", "no");
        // 边框颜色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.color", "black");
        //边框厚度
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.thickness", "1");
        // 图片宽
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.width", "200");
        // 图片高
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.height", "50");
        //图片实现类
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.producer.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha");
        //文本实现类
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultTextCreator");
        //文本集合，验证码值从此集合中获取
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.string", "01234567890");
        //验证码长度
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length", "4");
        //字体
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.names", "宋体");
        //字体颜色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "black");
        //文字间隔
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.space", "5");
        //干扰实现类
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.noise.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultNoise");
        //干扰颜色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.noise.color", "blue");
        //干扰图片样式
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.obscurificator.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple");
        //背景实现类
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.background.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultBackground");
        //背景颜色渐变，结束颜色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.background.clear.to", "white");
        //文字渲染器
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.word.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultWordRenderer");
        Config config = new Config(properties);
        defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);
        return defaultKaptcha;
    }
 
}

详细配置说明：https://blog.csdn.net/elephantboy/article/details/52795309

（2）生成验证码方法

打开CommonUtil.java,这是一个公共方法

public class CommonUtil {
 
    /**
     * 生成验证码图片
     * @param request 设置session
     * @param response 转成图片
     * @param captchaProducer 生成图片方法类
     * @param validateSessionKey session名称
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void validateCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, DefaultKaptcha captchaProducer, String validateSessionKey) throws Exception{
        // Set to expire far in the past.
        response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
        // Set standard HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers.
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate");
        // Set IE extended HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers (use addHeader).
        response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "post-check=0, pre-check=0");
        // Set standard HTTP/1.0 no-cache header.
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
 
        // return a jpeg
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
 
        // create the text for the image
        String capText = captchaProducer.createText();
 
        // store the text in the session
        request.getSession().setAttribute(validateSessionKey, capText);
 
        // create the image with the text
        BufferedImage bi = captchaProducer.createImage(capText);
 
        ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
 
        // write the data out
        ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", out);
        try {
            out.flush();
        } finally {
            out.close();
        }
    }
 
}

（3）验证码控制类

打开MainController.java

@Controller
public class MainController {
 
    @Resource
    private DefaultKaptcha captchaProducer;
 
    @RequestMapping(value = {"/"})
    public String index() {
        return "/index";
    }
 
    /**
     * 登录验证码SessionKey
     */
    public static final String LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE = "login_validate_code";
    /**
     * 登录验证码图片
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = {"/loginValidateCode"})
    public void loginValidateCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
        CommonUtil.validateCode(request,response,captchaProducer,LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE);
    }
 
    /**
     * 检查验证码是否正确
     */
    @RequestMapping("/checkLoginValidateCode")
    @ResponseBody
    public HashMap checkLoginValidateCode(HttpServletRequest request,@RequestParam("validateCode")String validateCode) {
        String loginValidateCode = request.getSession().getAttribute(LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE).toString();
        HashMap<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
        if(loginValidateCode == null){
            map.put("status",null);//验证码过期
        }else if(loginValidateCode.equals(validateCode)){
            map.put("status",true);//验证码正确
        }else if(!loginValidateCode.equals(validateCode)){
            map.put("status",false);//验证码不正确
        }
        map.put("code",200);
        return map;
    }
}

（4）前端页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title>SpringBoot 生成验证码</title>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script>
    <script type='text/javascript'>
 
        $(function () {
            $("#validateCode").keyup(function(){
                checkLoginValidateCode($(this).val());
            });
 
        });
 
        function uploadLoginValidateCode() {
            $("#loginValidateCode").attr("src","/loginValidateCode?random="+new Date().getMilliseconds());
        }
 
 
        function checkLoginValidateCode(validateCode) {
            var error = $("#validateCode").parent().next();
            if(validateCode != null && validateCode != ""){
                $.ajax({
                    type: "POST",
                    async:false,
                    url: "/checkLoginValidateCode?validateCode="+validateCode,
                    success : function(json) {
                        if(json != null && json.code == 200 && json.status != null) {
                            if (json.status == true) {
                                error.html("恭喜你验证码，正确！！！！！");
                            } else if(json.status == false){
                                error.html("验证码错误，请重新输入");
                            }else{
                                error.html("验证码过期，请重新输入");
                                uploadLoginValidateCode();
                            }
                        }
                        return false;
                    },
                    error:function(XMLHttpRequest,textStatus,errorThrown){
                        alert("服务器错误！状态码："+XMLHttpRequest.status);
                        // 状态
 console.log(XMLHttpRequest.readyState);
                        // 错误信息
 console.log(textStatus);
                        return false;
                    }
                });
            }else{
                error.html("请输入验证码！");
            }
        }
 
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    验证码： <img id="loginValidateCode" height="40" width="150"  style="cursor: pointer;" src="/loginValidateCode" onclick="uploadLoginValidateCode();">
 
    <p>
        你输入的内容：<input type="text" id="validateCode" name="validateCode" />
    </p>
    <p style="color: red"></p>
 
</body>
</html>