Android控件进阶-自定义流式布局和热门标签控件

技术：Android+java

概述

在日常的app使用中，我们会在android 的app中看见热门标签等自动换行的流式布局，今天，我们就来看看如何自定义一个类似热门标签那样的流式布局吧，类似的自定义换行控件布局。

详细

代码下载：http://www.demodashi.com/demo/14686.html

一、概述：

在日常的app使用中，我们会在android 的app中看见热门标签等自动换行的流式布局，今天，我们就来看看如何

自定义一个类似热门标签那样的流式布局吧

类似的自定义换行流式布局控件。下面我们就来详细介绍流式布局的应用特点以及用的的技术点：

1.流式布局的特点以及应用场景
特点：当上面一行的空间不够容纳新的TextView时候，
才开辟下一行的空间

　　原理图：

场景：主要用于关键词搜索或者热门标签等场景

2.自定义ViewGroup,重点重写下面两个方法

1、onMeasure:测量子view的宽高，设置自己的宽和高

2、onLayout:设置子view的位置

onMeasure:根据子view的布局文件中属性，来为子view设置测量模式和测量值
测量=测量模式+测量值；

测量模式有3种：
EXACTLY：表示设置了精确的值，一般当childView设置其宽、高为精确值、match_parent时，ViewGroup会将其设置为EXACTLY；
AT_MOST：表示子布局被限制在一个最大值内，一般当childView设置其宽、高为wrap_content时，ViewGroup会将其设置为AT_MOST；
UNSPECIFIED：表示子布局想要多大就多大，一般出现在AadapterView的item的heightMode中、ScrollView的childView的heightMode中；此种模式比较少见。

3.LayoutParams
ViewGroup LayoutParams :每个 ViewGroup 对应一个 LayoutParams; 即 ViewGroup -> LayoutParams
getLayoutParams 不知道转为哪个对应的LayoutParams ,其实很简单，就是如下：
子View.getLayoutParams 得到的LayoutParams对应的就是子View所在的父控件的LayoutParams;
例如，LinearLayout 里面的子view.getLayoutParams ->LinearLayout.LayoutParams
所以咱们的FlowLayout 也需要一个LayoutParams，由于上面的效果图是子View的 margin，
所以应该使用MarginLayoutParams。即FlowLayout->MarginLayoutParams

4.最后来看看实现的最终效果图：

二、热门标签的流式布局的实现：

1. 自定义热门标签的ViewGroup实现

　　根据上面的技术分析，自定义类继承于ViewGroup，并重写 onMeasure和onLayout等方法。具体核心实现代码如下：

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package com.czm.flowlayout;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import android.content.Context;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
/**
 * 
 * @author caizhiming
 * 
 */
public class XCFlowLayout extends ViewGroup{
     
     
    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
         
        //父控件传进来的宽度和高度以及对应的测量模式
        int sizeWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        int modeWidth = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        int sizeHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        int modeHeight = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
         
        //如果当前ViewGroup的宽高为wrap_content的情况
        int width = 0;//自己测量的 宽度
        int height = 0;//自己测量的高度
        //记录每一行的宽度和高度
        int lineWidth = 0;
        int lineHeight = 0;
         
        //获取子view的个数
        int childCount = getChildCount();
        for(int i = 0;i < childCount; i ++){
            View child = getChildAt(i);
            //测量子View的宽和高
            measureChild(child, widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
            //得到LayoutParams
            MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            //子View占据的宽度
            int childWidth = child.getMeasuredWidth() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin;
            //子View占据的高度
            int childHeight = child.getMeasuredHeight() + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin;
            //换行时候
            if(lineWidth + childWidth > sizeWidth){
                //对比得到最大的宽度
                width = Math.max(width, lineWidth);
                //重置lineWidth
                lineWidth = childWidth;
                //记录行高
                height += lineHeight;
                lineHeight = childHeight;
            }else{//不换行情况
                //叠加行宽
                lineWidth += childWidth;
                //得到最大行高
                lineHeight = Math.max(lineHeight, childHeight);
            }
            //处理最后一个子View的情况
            if(i == childCount -1){
                width = Math.max(width, lineWidth);
                height += lineHeight;
            }
        }
        //wrap_content
        setMeasuredDimension(modeWidth == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY ? sizeWidth : width,
                modeHeight == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY ? sizeHeight : height);
         
    }
     
    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        mAllChildViews.clear();
        mLineHeight.clear();
        //获取当前ViewGroup的宽度
        int width = getWidth();
         
        int lineWidth = 0;
        int lineHeight = 0;
        //记录当前行的view
        List<View> lineViews = new ArrayList<View>();
        int childCount = getChildCount();
        for(int i = 0;i < childCount; i ++){
            View child = getChildAt(i);
            MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            int childWidth = child.getMeasuredWidth();
            int childHeight = child.getMeasuredHeight();
             
            //如果需要换行
            if(childWidth + lineWidth + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin > width){
                //记录LineHeight
                mLineHeight.add(lineHeight);
                //记录当前行的Views
                mAllChildViews.add(lineViews);
                //重置行的宽高
                lineWidth = 0;
                lineHeight = childHeight + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin;
                //重置view的集合
                lineViews = new ArrayList();
            }
            lineWidth += childWidth + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin;
            lineHeight = Math.max(lineHeight, childHeight + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin);
            lineViews.add(child);
        }
        //处理最后一行
        mLineHeight.add(lineHeight);
        mAllChildViews.add(lineViews);
         
        //设置子View的位置
        int left = 0;
        int top = 0;
        //获取行数
        int lineCount = mAllChildViews.size();
        for(int i = 0; i < lineCount; i ++){
            //当前行的views和高度
            lineViews = mAllChildViews.get(i);
            lineHeight = mLineHeight.get(i);
            for(int j = 0; j < lineViews.size(); j ++){
                View child = lineViews.get(j);
                //判断是否显示
                if(child.getVisibility() == View.GONE){
                    continue;
                }
                MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
                int cLeft = left + lp.leftMargin;
                int cTop = top + lp.topMargin;
                int cRight = cLeft + child.getMeasuredWidth();
                int cBottom = cTop + child.getMeasuredHeight();
                //进行子View进行布局
                child.layout(cLeft, cTop, cRight, cBottom);
                left += child.getMeasuredWidth() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin;
            }
            left = 0;
            top += lineHeight;
        }
         
    }    
}

2.相关的布局文件：

引用自定义控件：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >
    <com.czm.flowlayout.XCFlowLayout
        android:id="@+id/flowlayout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" >
    </com.czm.flowlayout.XCFlowLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

三、使用该自定义布局控件类

最后，如何使用该自定义的热门标签控件类呢？很简单，请看下面实例代码：

package com.czm.flowlayout;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;
import android.view.ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams;
import android.widget.TextView;
/**
 * 
 * @author caizhiming
 *
 */
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private String mNames[] = {
            "welcome","android","TextView",
            "apple","jamy","kobe bryant",
            "jordan","layout","viewgroup",
            "margin","padding","text",
            "name","type","search","logcat"
    };
    private XCFlowLayout mFlowLayout;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
         
        initChildViews();
         
    }
    private void initChildViews() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        mFlowLayout = (XCFlowLayout) findViewById(R.id.flowlayout);
        MarginLayoutParams lp = new MarginLayoutParams(
                LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        lp.leftMargin = 5;
        lp.rightMargin = 5;
        lp.topMargin = 5;
        lp.bottomMargin = 5;
        for(int i = 0; i < mNames.length; i ++){
            TextView view = new TextView(this);
            view.setText(mNames[i]);
            view.setTextColor(Color.WHITE);
            view.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.textview_bg));
            mFlowLayout.addView(view,lp);
        }
    }
}