GdiPlus[60]: 图像(十二) IGPImageAttributes 的更多方法

IGPImageAttributes 的方法:

---

SetWrapMode() { 设置环绕模式 }
这是 IGPImageAttributes 中出了 Clone 以外唯一个和颜色不相关方法.


SetThreshold()、SetThreshold() { 设置、取消 "阈值" }
取值范围: 0..1
假如设置阀值为 0.5, 那么超过 128 的红色都变为 256, 少于 128 的红色都变为 0;
绿色、蓝色也是如此.

 
SetRemapTable()、ClearRemapTable()、SetBrushRemapTable()、ClearBrushRemapTable
{ 设置、取消 "颜色映射表" }
就是用另一种颜色替换指定颜色; 其主要参数是个数组, 可以替换多种颜色;
SetBrushRemapTable 和 ClearBrushRemapTable 专用于图元文件的画刷;
SetRemapTable 也可以完成 SetBrushRemapTable 的任务, 所以感觉 SetBrushRemapTable 有点多余.


SetColorKey()、ClearColorKey() { 设置、取消透明色范围 }
如果只指定一种透明色, 可以把两个参数值设为相同.


SetGamma()、ClearGamma() { 设置、取消伽玛校正值(或叫灰度校正值) }
可以用它调整亮度; 取值范围: 0.1..5, 默认 1


SetOutputChannel()、ClearOutputChannel() { 设置、取消 CMYK 输出通道 }
看到的 CMYK(Cyan、Magenta、Yellow、Black)各通道的效果都是灰度, 其实是颜色的强度.


SetToIdentity()、Reset() { 重置(回复默认值) }
重置时, 实用感觉是重置指定类型最好用 SetToIdentity, 全部重置用 Reset.

SetNoOp()、ClearNoOp()   { 禁用、取消 SetNoOp 的禁用(也就是再使用) }


GetAdjustedPalette() { 获取变换后的调色板 }
即使是在颜色变换后, 从 IGPImage 获取的调色板也还是原来的;
获取变更后的调色板需要 IGPImageAttributes.GetAdjustedPalette().


SetColorMatrix()、ClearColorMatrix()     { 设置、取消颜色调整矩阵 }
SetColorMatrices()、ClearColorMatrices() { 设置、取消颜色调整矩阵与灰度调整矩阵}

SetColorMatrices 的参数中有两个矩阵, 前者用于颜色矩阵、后者用于灰度矩阵.
SetColorMatrices 的第三个参数需要个 TGPColorMatrixFlags 类型的枚举值:
TGPColorMatrixFlags = (
  ColorMatrixFlagsDefault  : //只使用第一个矩阵调整颜色与灰度, 这和使用 SetColorMatrix 效果相同;
  ColorMatrixFlagsSkipGrays: //只调整颜色矩阵, 同样会忽略第二个矩阵;
  ColorMatrixFlagsAltGray  : //只调整灰色矩阵, 此时一个矩阵被忽略.
);


SetOutputChannelColorProfile()、ClearOutputChannelColorProfile() { 设置、取消颜色配置文件}
*.icc 或 *.icm; 默认路径是 ...WINDOWS\system32\spool\drivers\color\

上述方法除 SetWrapMode、SetBrushRemapTable、ClearBrushRemapTable 外,
都有个 TGPColorAdjustType 类型的参数:

---

TGPColorAdjustType = (
  ColorAdjustTypeDefault, // 默认, 适应用各类型
  ColorAdjustTypeBitmap,  // 用于位图
  ColorAdjustTypeBrush,   // 用于图元文件中的画刷
  ColorAdjustTypePen,     // 用于图元文件中的画笔
  ColorAdjustTypeText,    // 用于图元文件中的文本的画刷
  ColorAdjustTypeCount,   // 无用
  ColorAdjustTypeAny      // 保留
);
//如果是 ColorAdjustTypeDefault, 那么变换将应用到各类型(位图、画笔、画刷等);
//使用 Default 后, 如果再单独指定变换, 当然它不会再使用 Default 值, 但 Clear 后就回不到 Default 了.

WrapModeTile 测试:

---

uses GdiPlus;

procedure TForm1.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
var
  Graphics: IGPGraphics;
  Img: IGPImage;
  Attr: IGPImageAttributes;
  Rect: TGPRect;
begin
  Graphics := TGPGraphics.Create(Handle);
  Img := TGPImage.Create('C:\GdiPlusImg\Bird.bmp');
  Rect.Initialize(4, 4, Img.Width, Img.Height);
  Attr := TGPImageAttributes.Create;

  { 原始 }
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, nil);

  { WrapModeTile }
  Attr.SetWrapMode(WrapModeTile);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width*2, Img.Height*2, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { WrapModeTileFlipX }
  Attr.SetWrapMode(WrapModeTileFlipX);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width*2, Img.Height*2, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { WrapModeTileFlipY }
  Attr.SetWrapMode(WrapModeTileFlipY);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width*2, Img.Height*2, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { WrapModeTileFlipXY }
  Attr.SetWrapMode(WrapModeTileFlipXY);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width*2, Img.Height*2, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { WrapModeClamp }
  Attr.SetWrapMode(WrapModeClamp);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width*2, Img.Height*2, UnitPixel, Attr);
end;

SetThreshold 测试:

---

uses GdiPlus;

procedure TForm1.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
const
  Colors: array[0..6] of Cardinal = ($FFFF0000, $FF00FF00, $FF0000FF,
    $FFFFFF00, $FFFF00FF, $FF00FFFF, $FF000000);
var
  Graphics, GraphicsImg: IGPGraphics;
  Img: IGPImage;
  Attr: IGPImageAttributes;
  Rect: TGPRect;
  i: Integer;
  f: Single;
begin
  { 没有合适的图片, 先自画一个颜色渐变图片 }
  Img := TGPBitmap.Create(80, 140);
  GraphicsImg := TGPGraphics.Create(Img);
  for i := 0 to 6 do
  begin
    Rect.Initialize(0, i * Img.Height div 7, Img.Width, Img.Height div 7);
    GraphicsImg.FillRectangle(
      TGPLinearGradientBrush.Create(Rect, Colors[i], $FFFFFFFF, 0), Rect);
  end;

  Graphics := TGPGraphics.Create(Handle);
  Graphics.FillRectangle(
    TGPHatchBrush.Create(HatchStyleDiagonalCross, $FFD0D0D0, $FF606060),
    TGPRect.Create(ClientRect));
  Rect.Initialize(12, 6, Img.Width, Img.Height);
  Attr := TGPImageAttributes.Create;

  { 原始 }
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, nil);

  { SetThreshold }
  f := 0;
  while f <= 1 do
  begin
    Attr.SetThreshold(f);
    Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
    Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);
    f := f + 0.25;
  end;
end;

SetRemapTable 与 SetBrushRemapTable 测试:

---

uses GdiPlus;

procedure TForm1.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
var
  Graphics, GraphicsImg: IGPGraphics;
  Img: IGPImage;
  Attr: IGPImageAttributes;
  Rect: TGPRectF;
  ColorMapArr: array[0..1] of TGPColorMap;
begin
  Graphics := TGPGraphics.Create(Handle);
  Img := TGPImage.Create('C:\GdiPlusImg\SampleMetafile.emf');
  Rect.Initialize(10, 10, Img.Width * 0.75, Img.Height * 0.75);
  Attr := TGPImageAttributes.Create;

  { 原始 }
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, nil);

  { SetRemapTable: 把其中的蓝色替换为黑色、绿色替换为红色 }
  ColorMapArr[0].OldColor := $FF0000FF;
  ColorMapArr[0].NewColor := $FF000000;
  ColorMapArr[1].OldColor := $FF00FF00;
  ColorMapArr[1].NewColor := $FFFF0000;

  Attr.SetRemapTable(ColorMapArr);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);
  Attr.ClearRemapTable();

  Attr.SetBrushRemapTable(ColorMapArr); { 这与下面一行的效果是一样的 }
//  Attr.SetRemapTable(ColorMapArr, ColorAdjustTypeBrush);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);
  Attr.ClearBrushRemapTable;
end;

SetColorKey 测试:

---

uses GdiPlus;

procedure TForm1.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
var
  Graphics, GraphicsImg: IGPGraphics;
  Img: IGPImage;
  Attr: IGPImageAttributes;
  Rect: TGPRect;
begin
  Graphics := TGPGraphics.Create(Handle);
  Img := TGPImage.Create('C:\GdiPlusImg\Bird.bmp');
  Rect.Initialize(10, 10, Img.Width, Img.Height);
  Attr := TGPImageAttributes.Create;

  Graphics.FillRectangle(TGPHatchBrush.Create(
    HatchStyleDiagonalCross, $FFC0C0C0, $FFE0E0E0), TGPRect.Create(ClientRect));

  { 原始 }
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, nil);

  //
  Attr.SetColorKey($FFFFFFFF, $FFFFFFFF);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);

  //
  Attr.SetColorKey($FF003399, $FF3366CC);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);

  //
  Attr.SetColorKey($FF003399, $FFFFFFFF);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);
end;

SetGamma 测试:

---

uses GdiPlus;

procedure TForm1.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
var
  Graphics, GraphicsImg: IGPGraphics;
  Img: IGPImage;
  Attr: IGPImageAttributes;
  Rect: TGPRectF;
  f: Single;
begin
  Graphics := TGPGraphics.Create(Handle);
  Img := TGPImage.Create('C:\GdiPlusImg\Grapes.jpg');
  Rect.Initialize(4, 4, Img.Width / 2, Img.Height / 2);
  Attr := TGPImageAttributes.Create;

  { 原始 }
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, nil);

  f := 0.25;
  while f < 3 do
  begin
    Attr.SetGamma(f);
    Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
    Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);
    f := f + 0.5;
  end;
end;

SetOutputChannel 测试:

---

uses GdiPlus;

procedure TForm1.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
var
  Graphics, GraphicsImg: IGPGraphics;
  Img: IGPImage;
  Attr: IGPImageAttributes;
  Rect: TGPRect;
  i: Integer;
begin
  Graphics := TGPGraphics.Create(Handle);
  Img := TGPImage.Create('C:\GdiPlusImg\Bird.bmp');
  Rect.Initialize(4, 4, Img.Width, Img.Height);
  Attr := TGPImageAttributes.Create;

  { 原始 }
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, nil);

  for i := 0 to 3 do
  begin
    Attr.SetOutputChannel(TGPColorChannelFlags(i));
    Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
    Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);
  end;
end;

SetToIdentity 测试:

---

uses GdiPlus;

procedure TForm1.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
var
  Graphics, GraphicsImg: IGPGraphics;
  Img: IGPImage;
  Attr: IGPImageAttributes;
  Rect: TGPRectF;
  ColorMapArr: array[0..1] of TGPColorMap;
begin
  Graphics := TGPGraphics.Create(Handle);
  Img := TGPImage.Create('C:\GdiPlusImg\SampleMetafile.emf');
  Rect.Initialize(4, 4, Img.Width * 0.7, Img.Height * 0.7);
  Attr := TGPImageAttributes.Create;

  ColorMapArr[0].OldColor := $FF00FF00;
  ColorMapArr[0].NewColor := $FFFF0000;
  ColorMapArr[1].OldColor := $FF0000FF;
  ColorMapArr[1].NewColor := $FF000000;

  { 原始 }
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, nil);

  { 设置颜色替换(默认包括画笔和画刷) }
  Attr.SetRemapTable(ColorMapArr);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { 重置画笔的变换 }
  Attr.SetToIdentity(ColorAdjustTypePen);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { 重置画刷的变换 }
  Attr.SetToIdentity(ColorAdjustTypeBrush);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);
end;

SetNoOp、ClearNoOp、Reset 测试:

---

uses GdiPlus;

procedure TForm1.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
var
  Graphics, GraphicsImg: IGPGraphics;
  Img: IGPImage;
  Attr: IGPImageAttributes;
  Rect: TGPRectF;
begin
  Graphics := TGPGraphics.Create(Handle);
  Img := TGPImage.Create('C:\GdiPlusImg\Grapes.jpg');
  Rect.Initialize(4, 4, Img.Width * 0.75, Img.Height * 0.75);
  Attr := TGPImageAttributes.Create;

  { 原始 }
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, nil);

  { 变换 }
  Attr.SetGamma(0.3);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { 禁用指定的(这里是默认的)颜色变换 }
  Attr.SetNoOp();
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { 取消禁用 }
  Attr.ClearNoOp();
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { 重置 }
  Attr.Reset();
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);
end;

GetAdjustedPalette 测试:

---

uses GdiPlus;

procedure TForm1.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
var
  Graphics, GraphicsImg: IGPGraphics;
  Img: IGPImage;
  Attr: IGPImageAttributes;
  Rect: TGPRect;
  ColorMapArr: array[0..2] of TGPColorMap;
  ColorPalette: IGPColorPalette;
  i: Integer;
  Brush: IGPSolidBrush;
begin
  Img := TGPImage.Create('C:\GdiPlusImg\Stripes.bmp');
  if not IsIndexedPixelFormat(Img.PixelFormat) then Exit;

  Graphics := TGPGraphics.Create(Handle);
  Rect.Initialize(10, 10, Img.Width, Img.Height);
  Attr := TGPImageAttributes.Create;
  Graphics.FillRectangle(
    TGPHatchBrush.Create(HatchStyleDiagonalCross, $FFC0C0C0, $FFE0E0E0),
    TGPRect.Create(ClientRect));

  { 原始 }
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, nil);

  { SetRemapTable }
  ColorMapArr[0].OldColor := $FFFF0000;
  ColorMapArr[0].NewColor := $FF800000;
  ColorMapArr[1].OldColor := $FF00FF00;
  ColorMapArr[1].NewColor := $FF008000;
  ColorMapArr[2].OldColor := $FF0000FF;
  ColorMapArr[2].NewColor := $FF000080;
  Attr.SetRemapTable(ColorMapArr);
  Rect.Offset(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { 枚举原图片中调色板的颜色 }
  Rect.Offset(-Rect.X + 10, Rect.Height + 10);
  Rect.Width := 15;
  Rect.Height := 15;
  Brush := TGPSolidBrush.Create(0);
  ColorPalette := Img.Palette;
  for i := 0 to ColorPalette.Count - 1 do
  begin
    Brush.Color := ColorPalette.Entries[i];
    Graphics.FillRectangle(Brush, Rect);
    Rect.Offset(20, 0);
  end;

  { 枚举变换后的调色板的颜色 }
  Rect.X := Img.Width + 20;
  Attr.GetAdjustedPalette(ColorPalette, ColorAdjustTypeBitmap);
  for i := 0 to ColorPalette.Count - 1 do
  begin
    Brush.Color := ColorPalette.Entries[i];
    Graphics.FillRectangle(Brush, Rect);
    Rect.Offset(20, 0);
  end;
end;

SetColorMatrices 测试:

---

uses GdiPlus;

procedure TForm1.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
var
  Graphics: IGPGraphics;
  Img: IGPImage;
  Attr: IGPImageAttributes;
  ColorMatrix: TGPColorMatrix;
  Rect: TGPRectF;
begin
  Graphics := TGPGraphics.Create(Handle);
  Graphics.FillRectangle(TGPSolidBrush.Create($FFFF0000), TGPRect.Create(ClientRect));

  Img := TGPImage.Create('C:\GdiPlusImg\Bird.bmp');
  Rect.Initialize(4, 4, Img.Width, Img.Height);
  Attr := TGPImageAttributes.Create;

  { 原始图片 }
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, nil);

  ColorMatrix.SetToIdentity;
  ColorMatrix.M[0, 0] := 1.5;
  ColorMatrix.M[1, 1] := 1;
  ColorMatrix.M[2, 2] := 0.5;

  { 变换包括 RGB 与灰度 }
  Attr.SetColorMatrices(ColorMatrix, ColorMatrix, ColorMatrixFlagsDefault);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { 变换只有 RGB }
  Attr.SetColorMatrices(ColorMatrix, ColorMatrix, ColorMatrixFlagsSkipGrays);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);

  { 变换只有灰度 }
  Attr.SetColorMatrices(ColorMatrix, ColorMatrix, ColorMatrixFlagsAltGray);
  Graphics.TranslateTransform(Rect.Width + Rect.X, 0);
  Graphics.DrawImage(Img, Rect, 0, 0, Img.Width, Img.Height, UnitPixel, Attr);
end;