ASP.Net Core -- Identity
ASP.Net Core Identity是ASP.Net Core默认的内置的身份认证授权系统，可以管理成员，角色等等之类的东西，默认使用的是Microsoft SqlServer，然后，它也支持外部的身份认证。
• 写个小例子，学习记录一下：
一个控制器：AccountController；两个视图：Login和Register；两个模型类：LoginViewModel.cs和RegisterViewModel.cs
• ASP.Net Core Identity重点类：
UserManager<IdentityUser>：用来操作用户，比如：删除用户，添加用户....并把处理结果存储在一个地方，默认使用的SqlServer
SignInManager<IdentityUser>：主要用来对用户的身份认证的
• 代码示例：
新建一个AccountController控制器，并且注入以上两个重点类：
public class AccountController : Controller
{
private readonly SignInManager<IdentityUser> _signInManager;
private readonly UserManager<IdentityUser> _userManager;
public AccountController(SignInManager<IdentityUser> signInManager,
UserManager<IdentityUser> userManager)
{
_signInManager = signInManager;
_userManager = userManager;
}
public IActionResult Login() {
return View();
}
[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Login(LoginViewModel loginViewModel)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return View(loginViewModel);
}
var user = await _userManager.FindByNameAsync(loginViewModel.UserName);
if (user != null)
{
var result = await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(user, loginViewModel.Password, false, false);
if (result.Succeeded)
{
return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}
}
ModelState.AddModelError("", "用户名或密码不正确");
return View(loginViewModel);
}
public IActionResult Register()
{
return View();
}
[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel registerViewModel)
{
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
var user = new IdentityUser
{
UserName = registerViewModel.UserName
};
var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(user, registerViewModel.Password);
if (result.Succeeded)
{
return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}
};
return View(registerViewModel);
}
public async Task<IActionResult> logout()
{
await _signInManager.SignOutAsync();
return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}
Login视图：
@model LoginViewModel
<h2>请登录或者<a asp-action="Register" asp-controller="Account">注册</a></h2>
<form asp-action="Login" asp-controller="Account" method="post">
<div>
<label asp-for="UserName"></label>
<input asp-for="UserName"/>
<span asp-validation-for="UserName"></span>
</div>
<div>
<label asp-for="Password"></label>
<input asp-for="Password" />
<span asp-validation-for="Password"></span>
</div>
<div>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</div>
<div asp-validation-summary="All"></div>
</form>
Register视图：
@model RegisterViewModel
<h2>注册</h2>
<form asp-action="Register" asp-controller="Account" method="post">
<div>
<label asp-for="UserName"></label>
<input asp-for="UserName" />
<span asp-validation-for="UserName"></span>
</div>
<div>
<label asp-for="Password"></label>
<input asp-for="Password" />
<span asp-validation-for="Password"></span>
</div>
<div>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</div>
<div asp-validation-summary="All"></div>
</form>
Layout布局页：
<!DOCTYPE html>
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity
@inject SignInManager<IdentityUser> SignInManager
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
<title></title>
<link href="~/node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a>
@if (SignInManager.IsSignedIn(User))
{
<form asp-action="Logout" asp-controller="Account" method="post" id="logoutForm">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li>
<a href="javascript:document.getElementById('logoutForm').submit()">登出</a>
</li>
</ul>
</form>
}
else
{
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li>
<a asp-action="Register" asp-controller="Account">注册</a>
</li>
<li>
<a asp-action="Login" asp-controller="Account">登录</a>
</li>
</ul>
}
</nav>
<div>
@RenderBody()
</div>
<script src="~/node_modules/jquery/dist/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="~/node_modules/jquery-validation/dist/jquery.validate.js"></script>
<script src="~/node_modules/jquery-validation-unobtrusive/dist/jquery.validate.unobtrusive"></script>
</body>
</html>
LoginViewModel.cs和RegisterViewModel.cs内容一样，如下：
public class LoginViewModel
{
[Required]
[Display(Name ="用户名")]
public string UserName { get; set; }
[Required]
[Display(Name ="密码")]
[DataType(DataType.Password)]
public string Password { get; set; }
}
最后，注册服务，进行数据迁移：
在startup.cs注册服务：
services.AddDbContext<IdentityDbContext>(options => options.UseMySql(_configuration.GetConnectionString("MysqlConnection"),b=>b.MigrationsAssembly("Tutorials.Web")));
services.AddDefaultIdentity<IdentityUser>().AddEntityFrameworkStores<IdentityDbContext>();
services.Configure<IdentityOptions>(options =>
{
// Password settings.
options.Password.RequireDigit = false;
options.Password.RequireLowercase = false;
options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;
options.Password.RequireUppercase = false;
options.Password.RequiredLength = 1;
options.Password.RequiredUniqueChars = 1;
// Lockout settings.
options.Lockout.DefaultLockoutTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5);
options.Lockout.MaxFailedAccessAttempts = 5;
options.Lockout.AllowedForNewUsers = false;
// User settings.
options.User.AllowedUserNameCharacters =
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-._@+";
options.User.RequireUniqueEmail = false;
});
在Configure理添加：
app.UseAuthentication();
然后进行迁移，打开Nuget包控制台，首先输入迁移命令：
Add-migration initialIdentity -Context IdentityDbContext
然后输入更新数据库命令：
update database -Context IdentityDbContext
这个时候，数据库中会多几张表，用户存放用户信息。这样，一个小demo就实现了，用户登录，注册，登录成功或者注册成功后跳转到index页，并隐藏登录和注册按钮，显示登出按钮。
