TensorFlow中权重的随机初始化
一开始没看懂stddev是什么参数,找了一下,在tensorflow/python/ops里有random_ops,其中是这么写的:
def random_normal(shape, mean=0.0, stddev=1.0, dtype=types.float32, seed=None, name=None): """Outputs random values from a normal distribution. Args: shape: A 1-D integer Tensor or Python array. The shape of the output tensor. mean: A 0-D Tensor or Python value of type `dtype`. The mean of the normal distribution. stddev: A 0-D Tensor or Python value of type `dtype`. The standard deviation of the normal distribution. dtype: The type of the output. seed: A Python integer. Used to create a random seed for the distribution. See [`set_random_seed`](../../api_docs/python/constant_op.md#set_random_seed) for behavior. name: A name for the operation (optional). Returns: A tensor of the specified shape filled with random normal values. """
也就是按照正态分布初始化权重,mean是正态分布的平均值,stddev是正态分布的标准差(standard deviation),seed是作为分布的random seed(随机种子,我百度了一下,跟什么伪随机数发生器还有关,就是产生随机数的),在mnist/concolutional中seed赋值为66478,挺有意思,不知道是什么原理。
后面还有truncated_normal的定义:
def truncated_normal(shape, mean=0.0, stddev=1.0, dtype=types.float32, seed=None, name=None): """Outputs random values from a truncated normal distribution. The generated values follow a normal distribution with specified mean and standard deviation, except that values whose magnitude is more than 2 standard deviations from the mean are dropped and re-picked. Args: shape: A 1-D integer Tensor or Python array. The shape of the output tensor. mean: A 0-D Tensor or Python value of type `dtype`. The mean of the truncated normal distribution. stddev: A 0-D Tensor or Python value of type `dtype`. The standard deviation of the truncated normal distribution. dtype: The type of the output. seed: A Python integer. Used to create a random seed for the distribution. See [`set_random_seed`](../../api_docs/python/constant_op.md#set_random_seed) for behavior. name: A name for the operation (optional). Returns: A tensor of the specified shape filled with random truncated normal values. """
截断正态分布,以前都没听说过。
TensorFlow还提供了平均分布等。
参考:
1.https://tensorflow.googlesource.com/tensorflow/+/refs/heads/master/tensorflow/g3doc/api_docs/python
2.随机种子:http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=bjDp9u9pkEg2oWOffMep1RW6B1U-0AX2FNmykTtCAa8L_7xzA0ygq6AyLBf8pv7XW8b4gwUKlvMWiCsp32Nu8K