Django middleware (中间件)

关于中间价:

django 中的中间件其实就是一个类,在请求到来和结束后,django会根据自己的规则在合适的时机执行中间件中相应的方法。
在django项目的settings中,有一个 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES 变量,其中每一个元素就是一个中间件
settings.py:

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.cache.UpdateCacheMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

中间件中可以定义五个方法:

process_request(self,request)
process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs)
process_template_response(self,request,response)
process_exception(self, request, exception)
process_response(self, request, response)

以上方法的返回值可以是None和HttpResonse对象,如果是None,则继续按照django定义的规则向下执行,如果是HttpResonse对象,则直接将该对象返回给用户。

中间件执行过程:

自定义中间件

步骤
1.创建中间件类
Project/middle_ware/middle_print.py

from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin


class First(MiddlewareMixin):

    def process_request(self, request):
    	pass

    def process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs):
        pass

    def process_exception(self, request, exception):
        pass

    def process_template_response(self, request, response):
        # 当views中返回一个render时执行
        pass

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        return response

2.注册中间件

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.cache.UpdateCacheMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    # 自定义中间件
    'middle_ware.middle_print.First',
]

自定义中间件完成

posted on 2019-05-29 20:16  doubtful  阅读(191)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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