Java基础--序列化和反序列化
作用:
在很多应用中,需要对某些对象进行序列化,让它们离开内存空间,入住物理硬盘,以便长期保存。比如最常见的是Web服务器中的Session对象,当有 10万用户并发访问,就有可能出现10万个Session对象,内存可能吃不消,于是Web容器就会把一些seesion先序列化到硬盘中,等要用了,再把保存在硬盘中的对象还原到内存中。
当两个进程在进行远程通信时,彼此可以发送各种类型的数据。无论是何种类型的数据,都会以二进制序列的形式在网络上传送。发送方需要把这个Java对象转换为字节序列,才能在网络上传送;接收方则需要把字节序列再恢复为Java对象。
例子
下面创建一个people类
/** * Copyright (C), 2018-2018, * FileName: People * Author: 大象 * Date: 2018-05-17 9:23 */ package com.java.serializable; import java.io.Serializable; /** * 〈〉<br> * * @author daxiang * @create 2018-05-17 * @since 1.0.0 */ public class People implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = -4232667770371862548L; private String name; private String sex; private int age; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(String sex) { this.sex = sex; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } }
/** * Copyright (C), 2018-2018, * FileName: Test * Author: 大象 * Date: 2018-05-17 9:22 */ package com.java.serializable; import java.io.*; import java.text.MessageFormat; /** * 〈〉<br> * * @author daxiang * @create 2018-05-17 * @since 1.0.0 */ public class SerializableTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SerializablePeople();//序列化Person对象 People p = DeserializePerson();//反序列Perons对象 System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("name={0},age={1},sex={2}", p.getName(), p.getAge(), p.getSex())); } /** * 序列化 */ private static void SerializablePeople() throws Exception, IOException { //构建对象 People people = new People(); people.setAge(12); people.setName("张三"); people.setSex("男"); //序列化写入文件 ObjectOutputStream oo = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("people.txt"))); oo.writeObject(people); oo.close(); } /** * 反序列化 * * @return * @throws Exception * @throws IOException */ private static People DeserializePerson() throws Exception, IOException { //读取文件 ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream( new File("people.txt"))); //提取对象 People people = (People) ois.readObject(); System.out.println("people对象反序列化成功!"); return people; } }