SpringBoot嵌入式Servlet容器

SpringBoot默认是将Tomcat作为嵌入式的servlet容器。
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问题:

  1. 如何修改嵌入式的servlet容器?

    1)在配置文件中设置对应的属性值

    server.port=8081
    # Tomcat access日志的编码格式
    server.tomcat.accesslog.encoding=UTF-8
    # 最小的空闲线程个数
    server.tomcat.min-spare-threads=11 
    
    
    
  1. 在spring1.x版本时,编写一个配置类,将EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer加入到容器中,EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer接口中的customize方法可以修改servlet的配置。
@Bean  //一定要将这个定制器加入到容器中
public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer(){
    return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {

        //定制嵌入式的Servlet容器相关的规则
        @Override
        public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
            container.setPort(8083);
        }
    };
}

到了springboot2.x,上面那个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer已经被WebServerFactoryCustomizer取代,

package org.springframework.boot.web.server;

@FunctionalInterface
public interface WebServerFactoryCustomizer<T extends WebServerFactory> {
    void customize(T factory);
}

所以编写一个config实现这个接口,T是ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory

@Component
public class EmbeddedTomcatConfig implements WebServerFactoryCustomizer<ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory> {

    @Override
    public void customize(ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory factory) {
        ((TomcatServletWebServerFactory)factory).addConnectorCustomizers(new TomcatConnectorCustomizer() {
            @Override
            public void customize(Connector connector) {
                Http11NioProtocol protocol = (Http11NioProtocol) connector.getProtocolHandler();
                protocol.setMaxConnections(200);
                protocol.setMaxThreads(200);
                protocol.setSelectorTimeout(3000);
                protocol.setSessionTimeout(3000);
                protocol.setConnectionTimeout(3000);
            }
        });
    }
}
  1. springboot能不能支持其他的servlet容器?

    支持Jetty,Undertow服务器。
    这里了解一下两者的一些特点,undertow是一款红帽旗下的开源容器,是轻量级的,它是一个 内嵌Web 服务器, 由两个核心 Jar 包组成,它支持IO/NIO,在多款同类产品的压测中,在高并发情况下表现出色, 它还提供了对 Servlet4.0 的支持,WebSocket的支持。用以满足 Web 应用巨大数量的客户端。jetty也是轻量级别的服务器,它更加灵活,可扩展性强,作为嵌入式服务器在自动测试环境下不需要外部环境的支持,且运行速度较快。

    首先去除Tomcat相关依赖,然后引入undertow的依赖,pom.xml依赖的变化

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    <exclusions>
        <!--去除Tomcat的依赖-->
        <exclusion>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

<!--引入undertow服务器的依赖-->
<dependency>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</dependency>

同样替换成jetty也是一样

<dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
          <exclusions>
              <!--去除Tomcat的依赖-->
              <exclusion>
                  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
              </exclusion>
          </exclusions>
      </dependency>

      <!--引入jetty服务器的依赖-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
      </dependency>

使用外置的servlet容器

嵌入式tomcat容器的优缺点:

优点:简单,便携

缺点:默认不支持JSP、优化定制比较复杂(使用定制器【ServerProperties、自定义EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】,自己编写嵌入式Servlet容器的创建工厂【EmbeddedServletContainerFactory】);

外置的Servlet容器:外面安装的Tomcat—应用打成war包

步骤

  1. 必须创建一个war的项目,

  2. 将嵌入式的Tomcat制定成provided;

    		<dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
    
    1. 编写一个SpringBootServletInitializer的子类,这件事idea在我们创建好项目的时候就已经帮我们做好了。

      public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
      
          @Override
          protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
              return application.sources(Springboot04JspApplication.class);
          }
      
      }
      
  3. 启动服务器就可以使用(注意这时候就不要再使用SpringBoot默认的主类的main方法启动服务器了,这样做是启动不了的)

原理

jar包:执行SpringBoot主类的main方法。启动IOC容器,创建嵌入式的servlet容器;

war包:启动服务器,服务器启动SpringBoot应用ServletInitializer】这个也就是idea创建的时候帮我们生成的类是SpringBootServletInitializer的子类。再启动IOC容器

规则:

1)服务器启动会创建当前web应用里面每一个jar包的ServletContainerInitializer实例;

2)、ServletContainerInitializer的实现会放在jar包的META-INF/services文件夹下,有一个名为

javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer的文件,内容就是ServletContainerInitializer的实现类的全类名

3)、还可以使用@HandlesTypes,在应用启动的时候加载我们感兴趣的类;

流程:首先启动Tomcat,这时org\springframework\spring-web\5.2.3.RELEASE\spring-web-5.2.3.RELEASE.jar!\META-INF\services\javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer路径下的ServletContainerInitializer类就会起作用,打开这个类,查看他的实现,发现他上面@HandlesTypes({WebApplicationInitializer.class}),也就是说WebApplicationInitializer这个接口同样也创建出了实例对象。
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打开继承树,发现他就是idea帮我们自动创建的那个类的父类所实现的接口,并且创建完WebApplicationInitializer后有调用了他们的onStartup方法.

 while(var4.hasNext()) {
      WebApplicationInitializer initializer = (WebApplicationInitializer)var4.next();
      initializer.onStartup(servletContext);
      }

但是我们的idea帮我们生成的ServletInitializer类并没有这个onStartup方法,所以看他的父类SpringBootServletInitializer,果然,SpringBootServletInitializer实现了WebApplicationInitializer接口,重写了onStartup方法。

public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
    this.logger = LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
    //下面这个创建了IOC容器,点进去查看其实,方法就在本类中实现
    WebApplicationContext rootAppContext = this.createRootApplicationContext(servletContext);
    if (rootAppContext != null) {
        servletContext.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootAppContext) {
            public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
            }
        });
    } else {
        this.logger.debug("No ContextLoaderListener registered, as createRootApplicationContext() did not return an application context");
    }

}

createRootApplicationContext方法;

   protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
        SpringApplicationBuilder builder = this.createSpringApplicationBuilder();
        builder.main(this.getClass());
        ApplicationContext parent = this.getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
        if (parent != null) {
            this.logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent).");
            servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, (Object)null);
            builder.initializers(new ApplicationContextInitializer[]{new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent)});
        }
       builder.initializers(new ApplicationContextInitializer[]{new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext)});
    builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext.class);
   //调用config方法,子类重写了这个方法,将SpringBoot主程序类传了进来
       builder = this.configure(builder);
    builder.listeners(new ApplicationListener[]{new SpringBootServletInitializer.WebEnvironmentPropertySourceInitializer(servletContext)});
       //创建spring应用
    SpringApplication application = builder.build();
    if (application.getAllSources().isEmpty() && MergedAnnotations.from(this.getClass(), SearchStrategy.TYPE_HIERARCHY).isPresent(Configuration.class)) {
        application.addPrimarySources(Collections.singleton(this.getClass()));
    }

    Assert.state(!application.getAllSources().isEmpty(), "No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the configure method or add an @Configuration annotation");
    if (this.registerErrorPageFilter) {
        application.addPrimarySources(Collections.singleton(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class));
    }
//启动spring
    return this.run(application);
}

run方法的定义在SpringApplication类中找到

public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
    StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
    stopWatch.start();
    ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
    Collection<SpringBootExceptionReporter> exceptionReporters = new ArrayList();
    this.configureHeadlessProperty();
    SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = this.getRunListeners(args);
    listeners.starting();

    Collection exceptionReporters;
    try {
        ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);
        ConfigurableEnvironment environment = this.prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments);
        this.configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);
        Banner printedBanner = this.printBanner(environment);
        context = this.createApplicationContext();
        exceptionReporters = this.getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringBootExceptionReporter.class, new Class[]{ConfigurableApplicationContext.class}, context);
        this.prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
        this.refreshContext(context);
        this.afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
        stopWatch.stop();
        if (this.logStartupInfo) {
            (new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)).logStarted(this.getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
        }

        listeners.started(context);
        this.callRunners(context, applicationArguments);
    } catch (Throwable var10) {
        this.handleRunFailure(context, var10, exceptionReporters, listeners);
        throw new IllegalStateException(var10);
    }

    try {
        listeners.running(context);
        return context;
    } catch (Throwable var9) {
        this.handleRunFailure(context, var9, exceptionReporters, (SpringApplicationRunListeners)null);
        throw new IllegalStateException(var9);
    }
}
posted @ 2020-02-02 21:44  起个名字都这么男  阅读(122)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报