突破短板，传统桌面程序 使用webapi 扩展迎合web和移动端融合的需求

 

传统桌面程序不能完全被web和移动端替代，但是需要改造。这里要说的是巧用webapi把以前用dll和com组件,ocx等方式做接口，做分布式开发的方式，改成restful 风格api的方式实现跨平台，多客户端(类型).并分享几则案例.

1、智能储物柜

项目背景：某智慧城市项目需要用到有智能锁的储物柜，用app扫码控制存取，并和智慧城市后台交互。智能锁系统是工业的塔式控制器，使用modbus ascii协议控制，端口使用串口。储物柜配备了工控电脑32寸竖屏，工控电脑控制塔式控制器（单片机）,工控机上需要开发一套桌面程序，对外暴露储物柜的功能性（存取物品),对用户来说作为人机交互界面。话写的有点难懂还是上图吧：

 规格有几种，这是不是实物忘记了。总之也没去过现场。

柜机人机界面

说明：

工作区是底部的1024*1080像素的区域，关键设计是把二维码的内容设计成了JSON，app扫描后获取到设备和意图，智慧城市后台对云主机上的中间件发起控制请求，中间件转发给柜机程序，柜机程序和塔式控制器通信，塔式控制器控制锁动作。

中间件程序界面

说明：中间使用winform+owin宿主webapi，对外暴露api，对柜机程序提供套接字连接。中间件是socket server端，柜机程序作为client。

还是晕了吧，没看懂么。简单来说柜机程序是个上位机程序，设备需要把控制锁的需求封装成api给外部调用。这里的解决方案是使用中间件，中间件对外暴露api外部发起控制请求，中间件对内（设备端程序）执行控制指令。

为了实现"网页和移动客户端控制工控设备"这个核心需求，这也是挤破了脑袋吧.呵呵呵，总算不枉费你进来围观了一回...

 

不留下点代码，算什么分享呢！哼！

 

好的，上代码：

这就是传说中的asp.net mvc webapi啊

winform宿主：

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IPEndPoint ipeSender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);                 EndPoint epSender = (EndPoint)ipeSender;                 serverSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);                 // 首次探测时间5 秒, 间隔侦测时间2 秒                 byte[] inValue = new byte[] { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0x88, 0x13, 0, 0, 0xd0, 0x07, 0, 0 };                 serverSocket.IOControl(IOControlCode.KeepAliveValues, inValue, null);                 IPEndPoint ipEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(SocketBindingIP), int.Parse(config.AppSettings.Settings["Middleware_PORT"].Value));                 try                 {                     serverSocket.Bind(ipEndPoint);                     serverSocket.Listen(1024);                     backgroundWorker.WorkerSupportsCancellation = true;                     backgroundWorker.RunWorkerAsync();                     LogMessage(DateTime.Now + "->Socket启动成功，监听IP：" + ipEndPoint.Address.ToString() + ":" + config.AppSettings.Settings["Middleware_PORT"].Value);                                    }                 catch (Exception ex)                 {                     Com.DataCool.DotNetExpand.LogHelper.Error("服务启动失败,原因:" + ex.Message);                                    }                 btnServiceControl.Tag = 1;                 btnServiceControl.Text = "停止监听";                 btnServiceControl.BackColor = Color.Green;                 pbxServiceStatus.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.online_status;                 lbWebApiBaseAddress.Text = SocketBindingIP;                 hostObject = WebApp.Start<RegisterRoutesStartup>("http://" + SocketBindingIP + ":5990");

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public class RegisterRoutesStartup    {        public void Configuration(IAppBuilder appBuilder)        {            HttpConfiguration config = new HttpConfiguration();            //自定义路由            config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(              name: "CustomApi",              routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",              defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }            );            //只响应Json请求            var jsonFormatter = new JsonMediaTypeFormatter();            config.Services.Replace(typeof(IContentNegotiator), new JsonContentNegotiator(jsonFormatter));            appBuilder.UseWebApi(config);        }    }

就是最后一句了。owin怎么宿主webapi去看看张善友等的文章吧。

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public ApiActionResult BufferBox_API_Request(string StationNo, string CellNo, string Action)        {            var result = new ApiActionResult()            {                Success = false,                Result = null,                Message = "操作失败。"            };            byte[] results = new byte[1024];            Socket clientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);            try            {                clientSocket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(conf.AppSettings.Settings["Middleware_IP"].Value), Convert.ToInt32(conf.AppSettings.Settings["Middleware_PORT"].Value)));                using (var db = new BufferBoxDBEntities())                {                    var stationEntity = db.station_signin_session.Where(st => st.SessionDict == StationNo).FirstOrDefault();                    if (stationEntity == null)                    {                        result.Message = "设备不存在或者设备编号有误！";                        result.Result = "";                        return result;                    }                    var requestEntity = new API_Request_session                    {                        API_Request_IP = Request.GetClientIpAddress(),                        RequestID = Guid.NewGuid(),                        RequestData = CellNo + "|" + Action,                        RequestDataTime = DateTime.Now,                        ResultData = "",                        ExecuteFlag = false,                        StationNo = StationNo                    };                    db.API_Request_session.AddObject(requestEntity);                    db.SaveChanges();                    clientSocket.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("api_request:" + JsonConvert.SerializeObject(requestEntity)));                    result.Success = true;                    result.Message = "设备已经受理请求。";                    result.Result = requestEntity.RequestID.ToString();                }            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                result.Message = "中间件发生异常：" + ex.Message;            }            return result;        }

　　这可是项目分析的关键之处啊。中间件是如何转发api请求并通知柜机客户端执行指令的呢。就是webapi里使用socket作为client去连接中间件的socket server的。

问题就是出在这里！webapi不能阻塞socket 直到柜机客户端响应之后回复了再返回给外部。

 

2、php页面js开POS触摸屏电脑外接的钱箱

　　这是昨天晚上接的一个小活。新年第一单，正是有了前面项目的经验，给提供了这个解决方案。

项目背景： php做的bs项目打包成桌面项目用内嵌浏览器访问php页面来代替POS触摸屏桌面程序。打印使用插件听说解决了，但是打开钱箱遇到麻烦了。由于发包方不知道网页如何控制本地设备，也不想用activex方式，所以提供了这个解决方案：

POS触摸屏上运行一windows服务程序对外提供api(控制钱箱)和php服务器端的中间件通信，中间件对外部暴露api。

这个项目图片不高大上，所以只有代码了：

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using System; using System.Net; using System.Web.Http; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Configuration; using System.Text;   namespace MiddlewareServer {    /// <summary>    /// POS触摸屏收银机钱箱控制API控制器    /// </summary>     public class MoneyBoxApiController : ApiController     {         public static readonly Configuration conf = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);           [HttpGet]         /// <summary>         /// 打开POS钱箱,IP取发起请求的客户端的IP，中间件以此IP为依据通知该POS机执行开钱箱动作         /// 局域网环境IP最好是静态IP，不要使用DHIP，动态获取         /// </summary>         /// <returns>{Success,Result=请求发起机器的IP地址,Message}</returns>           public ApiActionResult OpenMoneyBox()         {             var result = new ApiActionResult()             {                 Success = false,                 Result = null,                 Message = "操作失败。"             };             byte[] results = new byte[1024];             Socket clientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);             try             {                 clientSocket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(conf.AppSettings.Settings["Middleware_IP"].Value), Convert.ToInt32(conf.AppSettings.Settings["Middleware_PORT"].Value)));                 string ip = Request.GetClientIpAddress();                 clientSocket.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("api_request:" + ip));                 result.Result = ip;                 result.Success = true;                 result.Message = "请求成功。";             }             catch (Exception ex)             {                 result.Message = "中间件发生异常：" + ex.Message;             }             return result;         }           } }

　　

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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Diagnostics; using System.ServiceProcess; using System.Text; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Configuration; using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles; using System.IO; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Net;   namespace MoneyBoxSvr {     public partial class MoneyBoxService : ServiceBase     {         [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]         private static extern IntPtr CreateFile(string lpFileName, int dwDesiredAccess, int dwShareMode, int lpSecurityAttributes, int dwCreationDisposition, int dwFlagsAndAttributes, int hTemplateFile);           private Configuration config;         /// <summary>         /// 打印机端口名称         /// </summary>         public string PrintPortName         {             get { return config.AppSettings.Settings["PortName"].Value; }         }           /// <summary>         /// 中间件的IP地址         /// </summary>         public string RemoteServerIP         {             get             {                 return config.AppSettings.Settings["MiddlewareIP"].Value;             }         }           /// <summary>         /// 中间件监听的端口         /// </summary>         public int MiddlewarePort         {             get             {                 return Convert.ToInt32(config.AppSettings.Settings["MiddlewarePort"].Value);             }         }           protected Socket clientSocket = null;         /// <summary>         /// 缓冲区         /// </summary>                protected byte[] buffers = new byte[1024];           protected System.Threading.Thread socketThread;           public MoneyBoxService()         {             InitializeComponent();             config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);         }                       protected override void OnStart(string[] args)         {             StartSocketThread();         }           protected override void OnStop()         {             base.OnStop();         }           protected override void OnShutdown()         {             base.OnShutdown();             socketThread.Abort();             socketThread = null;         }           private void StartSocketThread()         {                      socketThread = new System.Threading.Thread(ThreadWork);             socketThread.Start();         }           /// <summary>         /// 异步接收到远程请求         /// </summary>         /// <param name="ar"></param>         private void OnReceive(IAsyncResult ar)         {             try             {                 IPEndPoint ipeSender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);                 EndPoint epSender = (EndPoint)ipeSender;                 //结束挂起的,从特定终结点进行异步读取                 if (clientSocket != null)                 {                     int len = clientSocket.EndReceiveFrom(ar, ref epSender);                     string requestCommand = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffers);                     if (requestCommand.StartsWith("api_request"))                     {                         OpenMoneyBox();                     }                 }             }             catch             {                           }             finally             {                 try                 {                     IPEndPoint ipeSender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);                     EndPoint epSender = (EndPoint)ipeSender;                     buffers = new byte[1024];                     clientSocket.BeginReceiveFrom(buffers, 0, buffers.Length, SocketFlags.None, ref epSender, new AsyncCallback(OnReceive), epSender);                 }                 catch                 {                                    }             }         }           private void ThreadWork()         {             while (true)             {                 if (clientSocket == null)                 {                     #region 建立socket连接                     IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(RemoteServerIP);                     clientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);                     try                     {                         // 首次探测时间5 秒, 间隔侦测时间2 秒                         byte[] inValue = new byte[] { 1, 0, 0, 0, 0x88, 0x13, 0, 0, 0xd0, 0x07, 0, 0 };                         clientSocket.IOControl(IOControlCode.KeepAliveValues, inValue, null);                         clientSocket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(RemoteServerIP), MiddlewarePort)); //配置服务器IP与端口                          #region 签到                         string request = "pos_sign_in:";                         clientSocket.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(request));                         IPEndPoint ipeSender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);                         EndPoint epSender = (EndPoint)ipeSender;                         buffers = new byte[1024];                         clientSocket.BeginReceiveFrom(buffers, 0, buffers.Length, SocketFlags.None, ref epSender, new AsyncCallback(OnReceive), epSender);                         #endregion                     }                     catch                     {                         if (clientSocket != null)                         {                             clientSocket.Close();                             clientSocket = null;                         }                     }                     #endregion                 }                 if (clientSocket != null )                 {                     #region 发0字节的包探测连接是否可用                     bool blockingState = clientSocket.Blocking;                     try                     {                         byte[] tmp = new byte[1];                         clientSocket.Blocking = false;                         clientSocket.Send(tmp, 0, 0);                     }                     catch                     {                         if (clientSocket != null)                         {                             clientSocket.Close();                             clientSocket = null;                         }                                            }                     finally                     {                         if (clientSocket != null)                         {                             clientSocket.Blocking = blockingState;                         }                     }                     #endregion                 }                 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);             }                }                   /// <summary>         /// 开钱箱         /// </summary>         public void OpenMoneyBox()         {             IntPtr iHandle = CreateFile(PrintPortName, 0x40000000, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0);             if (iHandle.ToInt32() != -1)             {                 SafeFileHandle handle = new SafeFileHandle(iHandle, true);                 FileStream fs = new FileStream(handle, FileAccess.ReadWrite);                 StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs, System.Text.Encoding.Default);                 sw.Write(((char)27).ToString() + "p" + ((char)0).ToString() + ((char)60).ToString() + ((char)255).ToString());                 sw.Close();                 fs.Close();             }         }            } }

　　好久没写博客了。就这样吧，目的就是分享和总结。还有不说你也知道的，这文章怎么看怎么“软”。希望大家体谅一下，技术把代码变成钱本身就是困难的事情。适度广告一下吧，项目和私活就是这样找上门的。