2017-2

The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers, wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope, a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.

At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some of Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Island to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.

surpass [sərˈpæs]  v. 超过;胜过;优于

unsurpassed [ˌʌnsərˈpæst]   adj. 无比的;卓绝的;出类拔萃的

Opposition to telescopes on Manua Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists[ɛnˈvaɪrənˌmɛntəlɪsts]  have long viewed their presence as disrespect sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign[ˈsɑːvrɪn] nation.

Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness[ˈigərnəs]  to build bigger telescopes, they forgot[fərˈɡɑːt] science is not only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize[praɪˈɔːrətaɪz]  the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile[ˈfrædʒl] ecosystems or its holiness[ˈhoʊlinəs] to the island's inhabitants[ɪnˈhæbətənts]. Hawaiian culture is not a relic[ˈrelɪk] of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance[ˈrenəsɑːns]  today.

Yet science has a cultural[ˈkʌltʃərəl] history, too, with roots going back to the dawn[dɔːn] of civilization. The same curiosity[ˌkjʊriˈɑːsəti] to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians[ˌpɑˌlɪˈniʒənz] to Hawaii's shores[ʃɔːrz] inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble[ˌdɪsəˈsembl]  all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry[ˈstɑːri] skies, as if answering a primal[ˈpraɪml] calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral[ænˈsestrəl] homes.

The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.(双重否定--肯定)

 

 

单词：

starry [ˈstɑːri]  布满星星的 

starry sky 星空

 

长难句：

①The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii’s shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.

To find what beyond the horizon为后置定语修饰curiosity，what引导宾语从句，可以不翻译出来
That first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores是定语从句修饰curiosity,that代指curiosity
inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.的主语是curiosity

inspires的主语为什么不是Hawaii's shores, that引导词省略（×，that做名词时不能省略，做宾语可以省略）， shores是复数同时根据句意

 

②Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer
big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going.

to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there并列后置定语修饰Calls
Calls ignore the reality
the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. that引导同位语从句

 

 

 

复合结构(复合结构是非谓语结构 )
with结构的识别就是：with+名词(短语)+adj/V-ing/V-ed/to do/介词短语

doing表示动词和sth之间是一种主动关系
而done表示被动
而to do 表示一种还没发生的动作
1.With a lot of homework to do,I can‘t go out. 表示作业还没做
2.With a lot of homework finished,I am tired. 第二句表示作业已“被”完成
3.With the baby crying,I couldn’t fall asleep. 第三句则表示婴儿在哭

With + 名词短语 作伴随状语的形式
with the development of social economy… 随着社会经济的发展...

With + 名词 + 加两个并列形容词
With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.

With + 名称 + V-ing短语
Studying this could help understand why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major contributory factor.

With + 名词 + V-ing短语 + and + 名词 + V-ed过去分词
With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.

Yet science has a cultural[ˈkʌltʃərəl] history, too, with roots going back to the dawn[dɔːn] of civilization.

too是插入语，起强调作用;
with roots...是介词短语做伴随状语，修饰主语science。这种结构可以归纳为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”

 

with的用法:

1.做伴随状语
Here are the first three volumes with the fourth one to come out next month.
The teacher came into the classroom with his dog following him. with强调伴随的状态

三分之一
one third
the first three
前三名
volume 卷,容积
come out 出版, 开花, 出现