（译）菱形不是银弹，但范加尔、罗杰斯们是如何改造它的？
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原文链接：Diamonds Aren\'t Forever, but Van Gaal and Rodgers Know How to Make Them Shine 作者：Jonathan Wilson , Sep 18, 2014 |
Diamonds Aren't Forever, but Van Gaal and Rodgers Know How to Make Them Shine
The 3-5-2 is dead. Long live the diamond! Hurrah!
3-5-2已死，菱形永生，耶~ (这里纯属是标题党的调侃意味)
自从范加尔担完事任mu主帅以来赢下第一场比赛，这让人们感到兴奋，他似乎找到了武林秘籍，能让他4-0大胜QPR，在英格兰在欧洲杯预选赛以菱形2-0客场赢下瑞士后，这阵式似乎被夸大了。
There’s been a huge amount of excitement since Louis van Gaal won his first game as Manchester United manager, beating QPR 4-0 on Sunday as though he’s suddenly stumbled on some secret formula which will guarantee success—a feeling inflated by the fact England prospered with a diamond in winning their opening Euro 2016 qualifier, 2-0, away to Switzerland.
范加尔没有被胜利掩盖他的困惑，坚持他的足球哲学，比找到阵式更加重要。
Van Gaal himself has retained an air of slight bewilderment at the excitement, insisting his philosophy remains unchanged, and that is far more important than the formation.
And Liverpool fans have joined in, making the valid point that Brendan Rodgers has repeatedly used a diamond over the past year or so.
KOP们会说，利物浦在过去一年里也经常使用菱形，并且砍下不少分数。
And, of course, none of this is new. The diamond midfield has existed since at least the 1960s, when Viktor Maslov employed it at Dynamo Kiev.
当然了，菱形已然不是新生事物了，它在1960年马斯洛夫在基辅迪纳摩就用过了。
What’s happened is that—as is the nature with many tactical trends—the diamond has come back into fashion, at least in part because teams have, in general, forgotten how to play against it.
菱形阵式之所以回到主流，有一分原因是因为有些队伍已经不知道怎么对付它了，这其实也是足球届的趋势之一，风水轮流转。
It could be argued this is characteristic of the modern age of tactics: All the major evolutionary leaps have been made, so what we’re seeing are incremental developments on the one hand (in the sense that, say, tiki-taka was an updated version of the updated version of Total Football employed by Van Gaal at Ajax and Barcelona in the 1990s), and, on the other, a vast game of scissors-paper-stone in which ways of playing and formations come into and slide out of fashion.
这可能会引起争论，现代战术的特征如下：所有的进化，如我们目前看到的是一点一滴的增量累积（如，tiki-taka是1990年范加尔在阿贾克斯、巴萨时全攻全守足球的升级版本），另一方面足球就像是剪刀石头布、一物降一物的轮回，不同的打法、战术衍生衰落，浪潮的更迭实属自然规律。
The problem with the diamond—at least when it’s used as an attacking formation—is its narrowness.
我们来谈谈菱形的弱点——在进攻状态时，它会显得狭窄！
There’s a gamble that the central midfield will win enough control of the ball to prevent opposing wingers coming into the game, while it’s almost impossible for the team playing the diamond to stop the opposing full-backs if they are attack-minded.
这是一场赌博，中前卫需要HOLD住场面不能让对方的边锋飙起来，而且如果对手撕破脸让边后卫开始疯狂压上时，菱形阵式就很难阻止对手的疯狂进攻了。
When Schalke hammered Inter Milan 7-3 on aggregate in the Champions League quarter-final in 2011, the main reason was that their full-backs, Atsuto Uchida and Hans Sarpei, had the run of the flanks because the Serie A team's diamond had no way of countering them.
2011年欧冠1/4决赛，沙尔克之所以能7-3重创国米，最主要的原因就是边后卫，内田笃人和汉斯·萨尔佩在国米的防守区域俩翼狂飞，意甲三冠王显得一点办法都没有。
That’s the risk, but what Liverpool and England showed is that judicious use of the centre-forwards—pulling wide into the space behind the full-backs—can make them wary of advancing too far.
这样说来，启用菱形阵式看起来好像很危险的样子？利物浦与大英的机智就体现在这里了，他们用双前锋之一来压制对方边后卫的身后区域，使得他们不敢大举压上。
That has the added bonus of clearing room for the player operating at the tip of the diamond—Raheem Sterling in these cases—to attack, his deep starting position making him difficult to pick up.
另一个闪光便是，菱形的顶部，破甲短锥——斯特林在进攻时，他在较深的位置启动，牙买加人的速度加上开阔的空间，你很难拦住他。
In theory, a side playing 4-2-3-1 should be able to cover his runs, but many holding midfielders simply don’t have the pace.
从理论上来说，4-2-3-1在中场有重兵囤积，应该能阻止他的前进，但是你看市面上有几个后腰的速度能跟得上他？
United are a slightly different case. Van Gaal’s insistence that the philosophy remains unchanged is supported by how similar his diamond is to a 3-5-2.
曼联的情况略微有些不同，范加尔的足球哲学并不打算改变，他的菱形是怎样支撑3-5-2的？
All that has happened is that one of the three centre-backs now plays 10 yards or so further forward, while the wing-backs play 10 yards or so deeper.
目前能够看到的是，当边前卫后撤约10码时，三中卫之一则向前大约10码。
They may return to 3-5-2 and, even if they don’t, there will be times that Daley Blind drops back between the centre-backs to form a de facto back three as the full-backs push on.
他们可能会回到3-5-2，有时布林德会后撤到中卫之间形成一个三中卫，让边后卫们向前推进。
In that sense, the diamond functions like the 3-5-2 as a way to include both a front two and a midfield three (and it would be odd if two of Wayne Rooney, Robin van Persie and Radamel Falcao did not find themselves in the team) (something Van Gaal has almost always insisted upon).
这么看来，这更像是涵盖了菱形功能的3-5-2，有两前锋和三个中场球员（这很奇怪，将使得鲁尼、范佩西、法尔考们不在自己最擅长的位置上）。
Juan Mata doesn’t have Sterling’s pace, but his recent goalscoring run suggests how he has benefited from the space created by the two forwards, although his role may, ultimately, be a more orthodox playmaking one, with Angel Di Maria breaking beyond him.
玛塔没有斯特林那样的速度，但他最近的进球轨迹体现了他是如何利用双前锋所扯出的空间，虽然他的角色更多时候是传统意义上的指挥官，与迪玛利亚一起撕裂防线。
In both modes, the diamond is enjoying a new lease of life. It may be that the willingness of modern centre-forwards to pull wide negates one of its key drawbacks. But it is no panacea. No formation ever is.
在两种模式下，菱形阵式重获新生。或许是得益于现代的中锋能心甘情愿的向边路扯动寻找软肋。
但，足球世界里从来没有银弹。
