nginx系列之四：web服务器
前言
nginx系列之一：nginx入门
nginx系列之二：配置文件解读
nginx系列之三：日志配置
nginx系列之四：web服务器
nginx系列之五： 负载均衡
nginx系列之六：cache服务
nginx系列之七：限流配置
nginx系列之八：使用upsync模块实现负载均衡
转自：在此感谢原博主的整理分享
一、nginx 做静态服务器
HTML页面如下
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>图片展示</h1>
<div>
<img src="/static/images/1.png">
</div>
</body>
</html>
上传相关文件，生成如下路径
tree html/
html/
├── index.html
└── static
└── images
└── 1.png
## 配置nginx.conf 配置文件
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
/data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /data/app/nginx-1.10.3/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /data/app/nginx-1.10.3/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
/data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
浏览器访问：
这个时候我们可以把static静态页面给拆分出来
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location /static/ {
root /data/db;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
将静态文件迁移到/data/db目录下，并重启nginx服务。
mv html/static/ /data/db/
/data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
测试图片是否能否获取：
curl -I http://192.168.56.12/static/images/1.png
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.10.3
Date: Sun, 08 Apr 2018 09:31:35 GMT
Content-Type: image/png
Content-Length: 32239
Last-Modified: Sun, 08 Apr 2018 09:21:26 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5ac9df16-7def"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
1.1 对图片开启gzip压缩
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 6;
gzip_types image/png;
gzip_vary on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location /static/ {
root /data/db;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
/data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
对比两次响应头信息，开启gzip 压缩后响应头多了Content-Encoding: gzip，开启压缩成功。
二、nginx 反向代理后端服务器
2.1 配置nginx环境
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log /data/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
include gzip.conf;
include blog.biglittle.cn.conf;
gzip.conf文件内容
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
blog.biglittle.cn.conf文件内容
## server
{
listen 80 default;
server_name blog.biglittleant.cn;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root html;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
}
fastcgi.conf文件内容
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
2.2 安装PHP 环境
下载PHP文件，并安装基础依赖包
wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.1.2.tar.gz
yum -y install libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel openssl openssl-devel
编译安装
./configure --prefix=/data/app/php-7.1.2 --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=nginx --with-fpm-group=nginx --with-mysqli --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-openssl --enable-mbstring --enable-xml --enable-session --enable-ftp --enable-pdo -enable-tokenizer --enable-zip --enable-bcmath --enable-sockets --with-gettext
make && make install
ln -s /data/app/php-7.1.2/ /data/app/php7
cp php.ini-development /data/app/php7/lib/php.ini
cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
修改配置文件
vim /data/app/php7/lib/php.ini
# 查找 mysqli.default_socket，修改成：
mysqli.default_socket = /data/app/mysql/mysql.sock
date.timezone = PRC
好了，PHP 7 已经安装好，下面验证一下
shell > /data/app/php7/bin/php -v
PHP 7.0.5 (cli) (built: Apr 8 2016 00:08:04) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies
再查看下已经安装的模块
/data/app/php7/bin/php -m
接着配置 php-fpm文件
# copy php-fpm 的配置文档
cp /data/app/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /data/app/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp /data/app/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /data/app/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
其中 www.conf 中要留意以下这个值
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
配置 php-fpm 启动服务脚本
修改启动脚本，把里边 prefix 相关的内容用实际路径代替
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
PIDFile=/usr/local/php7/var/run/php-fpm.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/php7/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize --fpm-config /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
# 重新载入 systemd
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start php-fpm
ss -lntup |grep 9000
2.3 编写PHP测试文件
vim /data/app/nginx/html/hello.php 编写一个PHP测试文件。
<html>
<head>
<title>PHP 测试</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
</body>
</html>
2.4 测试是否可用
/data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/data/app/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
