集合
public class Student
{
public string StuNo { get; set; }
public string StuName { get; set; }
public int StuAge { get; set; }
}
class Program
{
/*****************ArrayList使用(动态数组)*********************/
//特点:有索引,每个元素对应一个索引,可以存储任何类型,以object类型存入,取出来也是object类型
//static void Main(string[] args)
//{
// ArrayList arrayList = new ArrayList();
// Console.WriteLine("集合容量:" + arrayList.Capacity);
// arrayList.Add(5);//在末尾添加元素
// arrayList.Add("abc");
// arrayList.Add(true);
// Console.WriteLine("集合容量:" + arrayList.Capacity);
// Console.WriteLine("集合中元素的个数:" + arrayList.Count);
// arrayList.Add(21.3);
// arrayList.Add(null);
// //使用无参构造方法创建的集合对象初始容量为0,添加一个元素,容量扩大到4,如果添加的元素个数超过4个,容量会翻倍
// Console.WriteLine("集合容量:" + arrayList.Capacity);
// Print(arrayList);
// arrayList.Remove("abc");//删除指定元素
// arrayList.RemoveAt(3);//删除指定索引位置的元素
// Console.WriteLine("删除后:");
// Print(arrayList);
// int[] numbers = { 20,30,40};
// arrayList.AddRange(numbers);//添加一系列元素
// Print(arrayList);
// arrayList.Insert(2,100);//插入元素到指定位置
// Print(arrayList);
// arrayList.Reverse();//倒置
// Print(arrayList);
// Console.WriteLine(arrayList.Contains(100));
//}
//public static void Print(ArrayList arr)
//{
// Console.WriteLine("集合中的元素如下:");
// //遍历方法一
// //for (int i = 0; i < arr.Count; i++)
// //{
// // Console.WriteLine(arr[i]);
// //}
// //遍历方法二
// foreach (var item in arr)
// {
// Console.WriteLine(item);
// }
//}
/*****************HashTable使用(哈希表)*********************/
//特点:没有索引,是以键-值(key-value)对的形式存储数据,以object类型存入,取出来也是object类型
//static void Main(string[] args)
//{
// Hashtable hashTable = new Hashtable();
// hashTable.Add("张三", "13629182938");
// hashTable.Add("李四", "13456258456");
// hashTable.Add("王五", "13522232547");
// hashTable.Add("赵六", "13655689452");
// //hashTable.Add("赵六", "13655689666");//出异常,因为key中有2个“赵六”
// Console.WriteLine(hashTable["李四"]);//根据键获取值
// Console.WriteLine("遍历键:");
// foreach (var item in hashTable.Keys)
// {
// Console.WriteLine(item);
// }
// Console.WriteLine("遍历值:");
// foreach (var item in hashTable.Values)
// {
// Console.WriteLine(item);
// }
// Console.WriteLine("根据键遍历值");
// foreach (var item in hashTable.Keys)
// {
// Console.WriteLine(item + "-" + hashTable[item]);
// }
// Console.WriteLine(hashTable.ContainsKey("李四1"));//判断键集合中是否包含某个元素
// Console.WriteLine(hashTable.ContainsValue("13456258456"));//判断值集合中是否包含某个元素
// hashTable.Remove("张三");
// Console.WriteLine(hashTable.Count);
//}
/*****************使用集合存储对象**********************/
//static void Main(string[] args)
//{
// //ArrayList存储对象
// //Student stu1 = new Student(){StuNo="S001",StuName="张三",StuAge=23};
// //Student stu2 = new Student(){StuNo="S002",StuName="李四",StuAge=24};
// //Student stu3 = new Student(){StuNo="S003",StuName="王五",StuAge=25};
// //ArrayList arrayList = new ArrayList();
// //arrayList.Add(stu1);
// //arrayList.Add(stu2);
// //arrayList.Add(stu3);
// //foreach (var item in arrayList)
// //{
// // Console.WriteLine(((Student)item).StuName);
// //}
// //HashTable存储对象
// Student stu1 = new Student() { StuNo = "S001", StuName = "张三", StuAge = 23 };
// Student stu2 = new Student() { StuNo = "S002", StuName = "李四", StuAge = 24 };
// Student stu3 = new Student() { StuNo = "S003", StuName = "王五", StuAge = 25 };
// Hashtable hashTable = new Hashtable();
// hashTable.Add(stu1.StuName, stu1);
// hashTable.Add(stu2.StuName, stu2);
// hashTable.Add(stu3.StuName, stu3);
// Student stu = hashTable["李四"] as Student;
// Console.WriteLine(stu.StuNo+"-"+stu.StuName+"-"+stu.StuAge);
//}
/******普通集合的缺点(1、需要类型判断 2、需要类型转换)***********/
//static void Main(string[] args)
//{
// ArrayList arr = new ArrayList();
// Student stu1 = new Student() { StuName = "张三", StuNo = "S001", StuAge = 23 };
// Student stu2 = new Student() { StuName = "李四", StuNo = "S002", StuAge = 24 };
// Teacher teacher = new Teacher() { TeacherName = "小明" };
// arr.Add(stu1);
// arr.Add(stu2);
// arr.Add(teacher);
// foreach (object item in arr)
// {
// if(item is Student)
// {
// Console.WriteLine(((Student)item).StuName);
// }
// else if(item is Teacher)
// {
// Console.WriteLine(((Teacher)item).TeacherName);
// }
// }
//}
/***********List<T>泛型集合的使用****************/
//static void Main(string[] args)
//{
// List<int> list = new List<int>();
// list.Add(10);
// //list.Add(22.3);//出错,因为22.3不是int类型
// list.Add(30);
// List<Student> students = new List<Student>();
// Student stu1 = new Student() { StuName = "张三", StuNo = "S001", StuAge = 23 };
// Student stu2 = new Student() { StuName = "李四", StuNo = "S002", StuAge = 24 };
// students.Add(stu1);
// students.Add(stu2);
// Console.WriteLine(students[0].StuName);
// Teacher teacher = new Teacher() {TeacherName="小明" };
// //students.Add(teacher);//出错,类型不匹配
//}
/***********Dictionary<K,V>泛型集合的使用****************/
//static void Main(string[] args)
//{
// Dictionary<string, Student> students = new Dictionary<string, Student>();
// Student stu1 = new Student() { StuName = "张三", StuNo = "S001", StuAge = 23 };
// Student stu2 = new Student() { StuName = "李四", StuNo = "S002", StuAge = 24 };
// students.Add(stu1.StuNo, stu1);
// students.Add(stu2.StuNo, stu2);
// foreach (Student stu in students.Values)
// {
// Console.WriteLine(stu.StuName);
// }
//}