使用SpringSecurity

前几天写了一个SpringBoot对拦截器的使用，在实际项目中，对一些情况需要做一些安全验证，比如在没有登录的情况下访问特定的页面应该解释的拦截处理。这一篇介绍使用SpringSecurity来做简单的安全控制，由于SpringSecurity比较复杂，如果有不对的地方可以大家一起学习。

新建项目，前端页面使用thymeleaf，加入security依赖，pom文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.dalaoyang</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot_security</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springboot_security</name>
    <description>springboot_security</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId>
            <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.15</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

配置文件本文就是将之前整合thymeleaf的配置拿了过来，代码如下：

##端口号
server.port=8888


##去除thymeleaf的html严格校验
spring.thymeleaf.mode=LEGACYHTML5

#设定thymeleaf文件路径 默认为src/main/resources/templates
spring.freemarker.template-loader-path=classpath:/templates
#设定静态文件路径，js,css等
spring.mvc.static-path-pattern=/static/**
# 是否开启模板缓存，默认true
# 建议在开发时关闭缓存,不然没法看到实时页面
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
# 模板编码
spring.freemarker.charset=UTF-8

接下来是这篇文章重要的地方，新建一个SecurityConfig类，继承WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter类，重写configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity)方法，其中/css/和/index的资源不需要验证，直接可以请求，/user/的资源需要验证，权限是USER，/admin/**的资源需要验证，权限是ADMIN，登录地址是/login，登录失败地址是/login_error，异常重定向到 /401，注销跳转到/logout。
注入AuthenticationManagerBuilder，在内存中创建一个用户dalaoyang，密码123的用户，权限是USER，代码如下：

package com.dalaoyang.config;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;

/**
 * @author dalaoyang
 * @Description
 * @project springboot_learn
 * @package com.dalaoyang.config
 * @email yangyang@dalaoyang.cn
 * @date 2018/4/28
 */
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    // /css/**和/index的资源不需要验证，直接可以请求
    // /user/**的资源需要验证，权限是USER /admin/**的资源需要验证，权限是ADMIN
    // 登录地址是/login 登录失败地址是 /login_error
    // 异常重定向到 /401
    // 注销跳转到 /logout
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception{
        httpSecurity
                .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/css/**","/index").permitAll()
                .antMatchers("/user/**").hasRole("USER")
                .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("ADMIN")
                .and()
                .formLogin().loginPage("/login").failureUrl("/login_error")
                .and()
                .exceptionHandling().accessDeniedPage("/401");

        httpSecurity.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/logout");
    }


    //内存中创建用户，用户名为dalaoyang，密码123，权限是USER
    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth
                .inMemoryAuthentication()
                .withUser("dalaoyang").password("123").roles("USER");
    }
}

创建一个TestController负责跳转，代码如下：

package com.dalaoyang.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * @author dalaoyang
 * @Description
 * @project springboot_learn
 * @package com.dalaoyang.controller
 * @email yangyang@dalaoyang.cn
 * @date 2018/4/28
 */
@Controller
public class TestController {

    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String index(){
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public String index2(){
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public String user(){
        return "user/index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/admin")
    public String admin(){
        return "admin/index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(){
        return "login";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/login_error")
    public String login_error(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("login_error", "用户名或密码错误");
        return "login";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/logout")
    public String logout(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("login_error", "注销成功");
        return "login";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/401")
    public String error(){
        return "401";
    }
}

创建一个user/index.html，用于校验USER权限，没有登录的话不能直接访问，代码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>user/index</title>
</head>
<body>
user/index

<form th:action="@{/logout}" method="post">
    <input type="submit" value="注销"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>

创建一个admin/index.html，只允许ADMIN权限访问，代码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>admin</title>
</head>
<body>
admin/index
</body>
</html>

401页面，用于没有权限跳转：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>401</title>
</head>
<body>
401
</body>
</html>

index页面，任何权限都能访问

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>index</title>
</head>
<body>
index
</body>
</html>

login页面，用于登录

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>login</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>login</h1>
<form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
    <span th:text="${login_error}"></span>
<br/>
    <input type="text" name="username">用户名<br/>
<input type="password" name="password">密码<br/>
    <input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>

到这里就全部创建完成了，启动项目，访问http://localhost:8888/，如图，可以直接访问。