SpringBoot2.0之@Configuration注解
SpringBoot2.0之@Configuration注解
本文转载自:https://www.javaman.cn/sb2/springboot-configuration
前面我们介绍了Spring boot2.0的启动和第一个helloworld实例,今天我们来讲解一下springboot2.0比较关键的注解@Configuration
在讲解@Configuration
这个注解之前我们首先说一个实例
我们有一个User的bean和一个Dog的bean
- 现在我们通过原始的spring的方式去管理这两个bean
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通过配置文件beans.xml配置user和dog的bean
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="user01" class="com.dashi.bean.User"> <property name="name" value="zhangsan"/> <property name="age" value="18"/> </bean> <bean id="dog01" class="com.dashi.bean.Pet"> <property name="name" value="哈利"/> </bean> </beans>
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创建ApplicationContext获取user bean
/** * spring方式通过getbean /* public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ac = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:beans.xml"); User user01 = (User) ac.getBean("user01"); }现在我们通过原始的spring的方式去管理这两个bean**
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接下来我们通过spring boot的@Configuration注解来实现bean的管理
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创建配置类
MyConfig
(该名称可以自定义),该类通过@Configuration注解通过
@Configuration
注解的类就相当于spring的beans.xml文件,通过@Bean注解的方法即为一个个的bean。bean中的属性即为spring中的property属性/** * 相当于spring中的bean.xml的<bean id="user01"></bean> */ @Configuration public class Myconfig { //方法的名称就是spring bean中的bean id 该方法为”user01“,属性为property @Bean public User user01(){ return new User("zhangsan",18); } //方法的名称就是spring bean中的bean id 该方法为”dogPet“ 属性为property @Bean public Pet dogPet(){ return new Pet("tom"); } }
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得到user和Pet的实体类
@SpringBootApplication public class MainApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { //SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class); ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class); // String[] names = run.getBeanDefinitionNames(); // for(String name:names){ // System.out.println(name); // } User user01 = run.getBean("user01", User.class); System.out.println(user01.getName()); Pet dogPet = run.getBean("dogPet", Pet.class); System.out.println(dogPet.getName()); } }
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运行结果如下:
. ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v2.0.6.RELEASE) 2021-05-09 10:45:08.692 INFO 15880 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler] 2021-05-09 10:45:08.692 INFO 15880 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler] 2021-05-09 10:45:09.136 INFO 15880 --- [ main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup 2021-05-09 10:45:09.758 INFO 15880 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8888 (http) with context path '' 2021-05-09 10:45:09.786 INFO 15880 --- [ main] com.dashi.MainApplication : Started MainApplication in 4.501 seconds (JVM running for 7.13) zhangsan tom
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最后
通过以上说明@Configuration使用SpringBoot的方式去创建一个Bean,以代替传统通过xml的方式声明Bean,简便了beans.xml的配置,具有实际的试用意义