快速浏览Silverlight3 Beta: SystemColor(系统颜色)

     原文链接:Silverlight 3 – System Colours  
    
     Silverlight 3 中加入了一个名为“SystemColors”类,其包括如下属性;
    
     

    如果我创建一个Silverlight 应用,并在其中放入一个button(按钮)的话:  

 <Button
            
Content="Click Me"
            FontSize
="24"
            HorizontalAlignment
="Center"
            VerticalAlignment
="Center" />

            
    会显示如下内容:
    
    
    你会看到在左侧我启动了一个计算器. 如果此时我在Windows中修改了我的系统颜色时,比如
使用”高亮对比”这种设置时;

    
    
    这时会显示:
    
    

     也就是计算器和FireFox会跟随着系统颜色而变化,但Silverlight 应用却不会。它还是老样子,
不受系统颜色设置的影响.

     如果Silverlight应用能按用户或开发者设想的去应用这些设置(系统颜色)该多好呀。
   
     现在,SystemColors就可以实现(尽管其仅有少数一些静态属性可以使用,且当用户修改设置时
还无法修改(通知)当前显示界面等等)。    
  
     不过,我认为如果用户刷新浏览器的话(或可以点击Silverlight UI上的一个按钮来通知当前应用
已修改了WINDOWS主题的话),这些就不是什么主要的缺失了。It’s liveable.

    抱着这种想法,我打算显露出SystemColors的一些静态属性,将其作为非静态属性以便于在XAML
使用.

    下面这是相关的尝试 :-)
   

public class MySystemColours
{
  
public Brush ControlTextBrush
  {
    
get
    {
      
if (controlTextBrush == null)
      {
        controlTextBrush 
= new SolidColorBrush(SystemColors.ControlTextColor);
      }
      
return (controlTextBrush);
    }
  }
  Brush controlTextBrush;
}

  

     而相应的Xaml内容如下:   

<UserControl
    
x:Class="SilverlightApplication36.MainPage"
    xmlns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local
="clr-namespace:SilverlightApplication36">
    
<UserControl.Resources>
        
<local:MySystemColours x:Key="mySystemColours" />
    
</UserControl.Resources>
    
<Grid
        
x:Name="LayoutRoot">
        
<Grid.Resources>
        
</Grid.Resources>
        
<Button
            
Foreground="{Binding Source={StaticResource mySystemColours},Path=ControlTextBrush}"
            Content
="Click Me"
            FontSize
="24"
            HorizontalAlignment
="Center"
            VerticalAlignment
="Center" />
    
</Grid>
</UserControl>


     现在,看上去已经差不多了。但我并不真想在每个控件实现上显式的设置“Foreground”和
“Background”属性,我想用一个Style来实现。

     那么,我可能要创建一个Style,其使用了诸如ControlTextBrush等的brushes,以便于应用到
Buttons, CheckBoxes等等UI元素上.

    这也就导致了我的第二个尝试,其 XAML代码如下;

 

<UserControl
    
x:Class="SilverlightApplication36.MainPage"
    xmlns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local
="clr-namespace:SilverlightApplication36">
    
<UserControl.Resources>
        
<local:MySystemColours x:Key="mySystemColours" />
        
<Style
            
x:Key="mySystemStyle"
            TargetType
="Button">
            
<Setter
                
Property="Foreground"
                Value
="{Binding Source={StaticResource mySystemColours},Path=ControlTextBrush}" />
        
</Style>
    
</UserControl.Resources>
    
<Grid
        
x:Name="LayoutRoot">
        
<Grid.Resources>
        
</Grid.Resources>
        
<Button
            
Style="{StaticResource mySystemColours}"
            Content
="Click Me"
            FontSize
="24"
            HorizontalAlignment
="Center"
            VerticalAlignment
="Center" />
    
</Grid>
</UserControl>


    除了不能实际运行,其它看起来还都不错 :-) 问题在于我要在绑定一个 Brush值。但在Silverlight
中你不能绑定这个Brushes或 Colors值, 你只能将这些绑定应用到从FrameworkElement派生出来的元素上。
在这个论坛中有相关的主题,如果别人有不同的做法请通知我,以便我能够及时了解到.

  
    那该怎么办呢?
   
    好吧, 我们可以数据绑定方式来为Styles设置Brush和Color,但却不能数据绑定setters。也许我能在
运行时创建一个完整的style 并添加这些属性(到元素中);

public class MySystemStyles
  {
    
public Style ButtonStyle
    {
      
get
      {
        
if (buttonStyle == null)
        {
          buttonStyle 
= MakeStyle(typeof(Button));
        }
        
return (buttonStyle);
      }
    }
    
static Style MakeStyle(Type t)
    {
      Style style 
= new Style(t);

      
foreach (var item in propertiesValues)
      {
        style.Setters.Add(
new Setter(item.Key, item.Value));
      }
      
return (style);
    }
    
static Dictionary<DependencyProperty, object> propertiesValues =
      
new Dictionary<DependencyProperty, object>()
      {
        { Control.ForegroundProperty, 
new SolidColorBrush(SystemColors.ControlTextColor) },
        { Control.BackgroundProperty, 
new SolidColorBrush(SystemColors.ControlColor) }
      };

    Style buttonStyle;
  }

  
  
     现在,除了默认的Button模版不依赖于Foreground 和 Background 之外,活干的差不多了。
它可以使用更多的颜色和一个BorderBrush,但也有一些颜色在Button的属性上是无效的。具我
所知也就能修改这两种属性.

     我需要另外一个Button版本,其使用Foreground, Background 和 BorderBrush. 那我要如何
组合这个style呢?

     我想到可以使用BasedOn style,其XAML如下;
   

<UserControl.Resources>
     
<local:MySystemStyles
         
x:Key="mySystemStyles" />
     
<Style
         
x:Key="buttonStyle"
         BasedOn
="{Binding Source={StaticResource mySystemStyles},Path=ButtonStyle}">


         
     在运行时无法工作( BasedOn 绑定时IE报错).

     也许可以变换一下思路,当它在运行时创建一个style时,我可以通知 MySystemStyles 类。它应该
基于当前的style。看起来有些麻烦但却可行;

public class MySystemStyles
{
  
public Style BasedOnButtonStyle
  {
    
get
    {
      
return (basedOnButtonStyle);
    }
    
set
    {
      basedOnButtonStyle 
= value;
    }
  }    
  
public Style ButtonStyle
  {
    
get
    {
      
if (buttonStyle == null)
      {
        buttonStyle 
= MakeStyle(typeof(Button), basedOnButtonStyle, buttonPropertyValues);
      }
      
return (buttonStyle);
    }
  }
  
static Style MakeStyle(Type t, Style basedOnStyle, Dictionary&lt;DependencyProperty, object&gt; propertyValues)
  {
    Style style 
= new Style(t);

    style.BasedOn 
= basedOnStyle;

    
foreach (var item in propertyValues)
    {
      style.Setters.Add(
new Setter(item.Key, item.Value));
    }
    
return (style);
  }
  
static Dictionary&lt;DependencyProperty, object&gt; buttonPropertyValues =
    
new Dictionary&lt;DependencyProperty, object&gt;()
    {
      { Control.ForegroundProperty, 
new SolidColorBrush(SystemColors.ControlTextColor) },
      { Control.BackgroundProperty, 
new SolidColorBrush(SystemColors.ControlColor) },
      { Button.BorderBrushProperty, 
new SolidColorBrush(SystemColors.ActiveBorderColor) }
    };

  Style buttonStyle;
  Style basedOnButtonStyle;
}

 

     相应的XAML 如下;

<UserControl
    
x:Class="SilverlightApplication36.MainPage"
    xmlns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:vsm
="clr-namespace:System.Windows;assembly=System.Windows"
    xmlns:local
="clr-namespace:SilverlightApplication36">
    
<UserControl.Resources>
        
<Style
            
x:Key="buttonStyle" TargetType="Button">
            
<Setter
                
Property="Template">
                
<Setter.Value>
                    
<ControlTemplate
                        
TargetType="Button">
                        
<Grid>
                            
<vsm:VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
                                
<vsm:VisualStateGroup
                                    
x:Name="CommonStates">
                                    
<vsm:VisualState
                                        
x:Name="Normal" />
                                    
<vsm:VisualState
                                        
x:Name="MouseOver">
                                        
<Storyboard>
                                            
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
                                                
Storyboard.TargetName="BackgroundAnimation"
                                                Storyboard.TargetProperty
="Opacity">
                                                
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame
                                                    
KeyTime="0"
                                                    Value
="1" />
                                            
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                        
</Storyboard>
                                    
</vsm:VisualState>
                                    
<vsm:VisualState
                                        
x:Name="Pressed">
                                        
<Storyboard>
                                            
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
                                                
Storyboard.TargetName="BackgroundAnimation"
                                                Storyboard.TargetProperty
="Opacity">
                                                
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame
                                                    
KeyTime="0"
                                                    Value
="1" />
                                            
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                        
</Storyboard>
                                    
</vsm:VisualState>
                                    
<vsm:VisualState
                                        
x:Name="Disabled">
                                        
<Storyboard>
                                            
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
                                                
Storyboard.TargetName="DisabledVisualElement"
                                                Storyboard.TargetProperty
="Opacity">
                                                
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame
                                                    
KeyTime="0"
                                                    Value
=".55" />
                                            
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                        
</Storyboard>
                                    
</vsm:VisualState>
                                
</vsm:VisualStateGroup>
                                
<vsm:VisualStateGroup
                                    
x:Name="FocusStates">
                                    
<vsm:VisualState
                                        
x:Name="Focused">
                                        
<Storyboard>
                                            
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
                                                
Storyboard.TargetName="FocusVisualElement"
                                                Storyboard.TargetProperty
="Opacity">
                                                
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame
                                                    
KeyTime="0"
                                                    Value
="1" />
                                            
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                        
</Storyboard>
                                    
</vsm:VisualState>
                                    
<vsm:VisualState
                                        
x:Name="Unfocused" />
                                
</vsm:VisualStateGroup>
                            
</vsm:VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
                            
<Border
                                
x:Name="Background"
                                Background
="{TemplateBinding Background}"
                                BorderBrush
="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"
                                BorderThickness
="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"
                                CornerRadius
="3">
                                
<Grid
                                    
Margin="1"
                                    Background
="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                                    
<Border
                                        
x:Name="BackgroundAnimation"
                                        Opacity
="0"
                                        Background
="{TemplateBinding Background}" />
                                
</Grid>
                            
</Border>
                            
<ContentPresenter
                                
x:Name="contentPresenter"
                                HorizontalAlignment
="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}"
                                Margin
="{TemplateBinding Padding}"
                                VerticalAlignment
="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}"
                                Content
="{TemplateBinding Content}"
                                ContentTemplate
="{TemplateBinding ContentTemplate}" />
                            
<Rectangle
                                
x:Name="DisabledVisualElement"
                                Fill
="#FFFFFFFF"
                                RadiusX
="3"
                                RadiusY
="3"
                                IsHitTestVisible
="false"
                                Opacity
="0" />
                            
<Rectangle
                                
x:Name="FocusVisualElement"
                                Stroke
="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"
                                StrokeThickness
="1"
                                RadiusX
="2"
                                RadiusY
="2"
                                Margin
="1"
                                IsHitTestVisible
="false"
                                Opacity
="0" />
                        
</Grid>
                    
</ControlTemplate>
                
</Setter.Value>
            
</Setter>
        
</Style>
        
<local:MySystemStyles
            
x:Key="mySystemStyles" 
            BasedOnButtonStyle
="{StaticResource buttonStyle}"/>
    
</UserControl.Resources>
    
<Grid
        
x:Name="LayoutRoot">
        
<Grid.Resources>
        
</Grid.Resources>
        
<Button
            
Style="{Binding Source={StaticResource mySystemStyles},Path=ButtonStyle}"
            Content
="Click Me"
            FontSize
="24"
            HorizontalAlignment
="Center"
            VerticalAlignment
="Center" />
    
</Grid>
</UserControl>

 


     现在,它可以按我起初的想法,很好的运行了。当我在Windows中修改我的颜色主题时并刷新当前的
Silverlight 应用,按钮会去获取已修改的系统颜色.

     但是,目前在按钮上只有三个属性可以设置. 我需要为每个控件设置一系列的styles,然后再去扩展
MySystemStyles 类,诸如一些:ComboBoxStyle, TreeViewStyle, TextBoxStyle 属性等等。它也
必须包括诸如BasedOnComboBoxStyle 或 BasedOnTreeViewStyle属性等等.

    哎…虽然可以工作,但应该还有更好的变法吧?

    Anyone got ideas? :-)
   
   
   
    原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/daizhj/archive/2009/05/06/1450455.html

    译者: daizhj, 代震军

    Tags: silverlight,system color,系统主题,theme
   
    网址:
http://daizhj.cnblogs.com/  

 

   

posted @ 2009-05-07 10:39  代震军  阅读(2657)  评论(5编辑  收藏  举报