SpringBoot(一)
Hello World
Web 服务器
1.WEB 服务器:
- 对HTTP协议操作进行封装,简化web程序开发
- 部署web项目,对外提供网上信息浏览服务
2.Tomcat
- 一个轻量级的web 服务器,支持servlet、jsp 等少量javaEE规范
- 也被称为web容器,servlet容器
下载目录介绍:
控制台中文乱码:
解决:
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.encoding = GBK
配置tomcat端口号:
springboot 内嵌了Tomcat:
请求
简单参数
原始方式了解即可:
服务端:
package com.chuangzhou.controller;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.io.StringReader;
@RestController
public class RequestController {
@RequestMapping("/simpleParame")
public String simpleParame(HttpServletRequest request){
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String age = request.getParameter("age");
int intAge = Integer.parseInt(age);
System.out.println("name=>" + name + ",age=>" + intAge);
return "OK";
}
}
调用接口:
//基于springboot 方式
//避免了类型转换,会自动映射
@RequestMapping("/simpleParame")
public String simpleParame(String name, Integer age){
System.out.println("name=>" + name + ",age=>" + age);
return "OK";
}
如果请求参数和方法的参数名不一致的时候服务端映射参数失败,但是请求不会报错:
此时可以借助 @RequestParam 注解完成映射
@RequestMapping("/simpleParame")
public String simpleParame(@RequestParam(name="name") String usernmae, Integer age){
System.out.println("usernmae=>" + usernmae + ",age=>" + age);
return "OK";
}
漏传参数:
简单实体参数
实体的属性名称要和http请求传入的参数名保持一致
复杂参数传参
请求路径:
localhost:8080/complexPOJO?name=lisi&age=18&address.province=guangdong&address.city=shenzhen
//复杂参数传参
@RequestMapping("/complexPOJO")
public String complexPOJO(User user){
System.out.println("usernmae=>" + user.getName() + ",age=>" + user.getAge() + ",address:" + user.getAddress());
return "OK";
}
user 中内嵌address 实体:
数组集合参数
数组参数:
//数组参数传参
@RequestMapping("/arrParam")
public String arrParam(String[] hobby){
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(hobby));
return "OK";
}
集合参数:
接口请求与数据参数一致
//集合参数传参
@RequestMapping("/listParam")
public String listParam(@RequestParam List<String> hobby){
System.out.println(hobby);
return "OK";
}
日期参数
请求:
处理:
//日期参数接收
@RequestMapping("/dateParam")
public String dateParam(@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") LocalDateTime date){
System.out.println(date);
return "OK";
}
如果日期的格式不对会报错
json参数
请求:
处理:
//日期参数接收
@RequestMapping("/jsonParam")
public String jsonParam(@RequestBody User user){
System.out.println(user);
return "OK";
}
JSON参数:JSON数据健名与形参对象属性名相同,定义POJO类型形参即可接收参数,需要使用@RequestBody 标识
路径参数
单路径参数请求:
处理:
//路径参数接收
@RequestMapping("/pathParam/{id}")
public String pathParam(@PathVariable Integer id){
System.out.println(id);
return "OK";
}
多路径参数:
请求:
处理:
//路径参数接收
@RequestMapping("/pathParam/{id}/{name}")
public String pathParam2(@PathVariable Integer id, @PathVariable String name){
System.out.println(id);
System.out.println(name);
return "OK";
}
总结:
响应
@ResponseBody
- 类型:方法注解,类注解
- 位置:Controller 方法上/类上
- 作用:将方法返回值直接响应,如果返回类型是 实体对象/集合,将会转换为JSON格式响应
- 说明:@RestController 等价于 @ResponseBody + @Controller
响应一个实体:
@RequestMapping("/getAddr")
public Address getAddr(){
Address a = new Address("湖北","武汉");
return a;
}
}
响应一个list:
@RequestMapping("/getAddrList")
public List<Address> getAddrList(){
List<Address> l = new ArrayList<>();
l.add(new Address("湖北","武汉"));
l.add(new Address("湖南","长沙"));
return l;
}
统一响应结果,方便前端解析返回数据:
定义返回结果POJO:
package com.chuangzhou.controller.pojo;
public class Result {
private Integer code;
private String message;
private Object data;
public Result() {
}
public Result(Integer code, String message, Object data) {
this.code = code;
this.message = message;
this.data = data;
}
public Integer getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(Integer code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
public Object getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(Object data) {
this.data = data;
}
public static Result success(Object data){
return new Result(1,"success",data);
}
public static Result success(){
return new Result(0,"success",null);
}
}
修改controller方法:
@RequestMapping("/getAddr")
public Result getAddr(){
Address a = new Address("湖北","武汉");
return Result.success(a);
}
@RequestMapping("/getAddrList")
public Result getAddrList(){
List<Address> l = new ArrayList<>();
l.add(new Address("湖北","武汉"));
l.add(new Address("湖南","长沙"));
return Result.success(l);
}
响应结果:
请求响应案例
需求:读取xml文件中的员工数据,返回统一响应结果,在页面渲染
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<emps>
<emp>
<name>金毛狮王</name>
<age>55</age>
<image>https://web-framework.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/web/1.jpg</image>
<!-- 1: 男, 2: 女 -->
<gender>1</gender>
<!-- 1: 讲师, 2: 班主任 , 3: 就业指导 -->
<job>1</job>
</emp>
<emp>
<name>白眉鹰王</name>
<age>65</age>
<image>https://web-framework.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/web/2.jpg</image>
<gender>1</gender>
<job>1</job>
</emp>
<emp>
<name>青翼蝠王</name>
<age>45</age>
<image>https://web-framework.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/web/3.jpg</image>
<gender>1</gender>
<job>2</job>
</emp>
<emp>
<name>紫衫龙王</name>
<age>38</age>
<image>https://web-framework.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/web/4.jpg</image>
<gender>2</gender>
<job>3</job>
</emp>
</emps>
1.引入dom4j的依赖,用于解析XML文件
2.引入XML工具类XMLParserUtils、对应的实体类Emp、xml文件emp.xml
Springboot项目的静态资源(html、css,js等前端资源)默认存放目录为:classpath:/static、classpath:/public、class:/resources
classpath 等价于 src/man/resources
后端实现接口:
@RequestMapping("/listEmp")
public Result listEmp(){
String filePath = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("emp.xml").getPath();
List<Emp> emps = XmlParserUtils.parse(filePath, Emp.class);
emps.stream().forEach(emp -> {
String gender = emp.getGender();
if ("1".equals(gender)){
emp.setGender("男");
}else if("2".equals(gender)){
emp.setGender("女");
}
// <!-- 1: 讲师, 2: 班主任 , 3: 就业指导 -->
String job = emp.getJob();
if ("1".equals(job)){
emp.setJob("讲师");
}else if("2".equals(job)){
emp.setJob("班主任");
}else if("3".equals(job)){
emp.setJob("就业指导");
}
});
return Result.success(emps);
}
前端页面:
emp.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>员工信息</title>
</head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/index.css">
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script>
<script src="./element-ui/index.js"></script>
<script src="./js/axios-0.18.0.js"></script>
<body>
<h1 align="center">员工信息列表展示</h1>
<div id="app">
<el-table :data="tableData" style="width: 100%" stripe border >
<el-table-column prop="name" label="姓名" align="center" min-width="20%"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="age" label="年龄" align="center" min-width="20%"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column label="图像" align="center" min-width="20%">
<template slot-scope="scope">
<el-image :src="scope.row.image" style="width: 80px; height: 50px;"></el-image>
</template>
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="gender" label="性别" align="center" min-width="20%"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="job" label="职位" align="center" min-width="20%"></el-table-column>
</el-table>
</div>
</body>
<style>
.el-table .warning-row {
background: oldlace;
}
.el-table .success-row {
background: #f0f9eb;
}
</style>
<script>
new Vue({
el: "#app",
data() {
return {
tableData: []
}
},
mounted(){
axios.get('/listEmp').then(res=>{
if(res.data.code){
this.tableData = res.data.data;
}
});
},
methods: {
}
});
</script>
</html>
最终效果,访问:http://localhost:8080/emp.html
本文来自博客园,作者:chuangzhou,转载请注明原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/czzz/p/17607200.html