12、Filter(拦截器)

一、过滤器(Filter):又称拦截器。实现Filter接口的类我们称之为Filter(过滤器或拦截器),Filter可以对用户访问的资源进行拦截。例如:客户端发送请求是,先将请求拦截下来,判断用户是否已登录,如果已登录则放行,反之则进入登录页面。

二、拦截器的使用:

  a)、在Filter里面可以用request获得请求消息,用response写入响应消息
  b)、chain.doFilter(request, response) 方法放行 目标Servlet使用的是同一个请求和响应
  c)、doFilter 方法后面的代码会执行,在目标Servlet 返回响应后执行, 也可以使用同一个请求和响应

三、拦截器的实现过程:

  a)、写一个类实现 Filter 接口 , 在doFilter 方法中写功能代码

 1 package com.st.filter;
 2 import java.io.IOException;
 3 
 4 import javax.servlet.Filter;
 5 import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
 6 import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
 7 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 8 import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
 9 import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
10 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
11 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
12 
13 import com.st.bean.UserBean;
14 public class FilterTest implements Filter {
15     @Override
16     public void destroy() {
17         // 生命周期结束,服务器停止时执行此方法
18     }
19     @Override
20     public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1,
21             FilterChain arg2) throws IOException, ServletException {
22         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
23         // 请求过滤器拦截的路径时执行此方法
24         HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) arg0;
25         HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) arg1;
26         //下面三句可以很好的解决乱码问题,需要注意的是这三句尽量放在最上面
27         request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
28         response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
29         response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
30         
31         String path = request.getServletPath();
32         if(path.endsWith("LoginServlet.do")){
33             arg2.doFilter(request, response);// 如果是以LoginServlet.do结尾则放行,执行LoginServlet
34         }
35         else{
36             UserBean user =(UserBean)request.getSession().getAttribute("USER_INFO");
37             if(user !=null) //用户已经登录,实现放行操作
38                 arg2.doFilter(request, response);
39             else            //用户没有登录,不放行,跳转到登录页面
40                 request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").include(request, response);
41         }
42     }
43     @Override
44     public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
45         // 生命周期开始,服务器启动后就会执行此方法
46     }
47 }
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  b)、在web.xml中配置Filter拦截的资源路径

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <web-app version="3.0" 
 3     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
 4     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 5     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
 6     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
 7   <display-name></display-name>
 8   <servlet>
 9     <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
10     <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
11     <servlet-name>FilterService</servlet-name>
12     <servlet-class>com.st.service.FilterService</servlet-class>
13   </servlet>
14   <servlet>
15     <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
16     <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
17     <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
18     <servlet-class>com.st.service.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
19   </servlet>
20   <filter>
21       <filter-name>MyFilter</filter-name>
22       <filter-class>com.st.filter.FilterTest</filter-class>
23   </filter>
24   <filter-mapping>
25       <filter-name>MyFilter</filter-name>
26       <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
27   </filter-mapping>
28 
29   <servlet-mapping>
30     <servlet-name>FilterService</servlet-name>
31     <url-pattern>/FilterService.do</url-pattern>
32   </servlet-mapping>
33   <servlet-mapping>
34     <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
35     <url-pattern>/LoginServlet.do</url-pattern>
36   </servlet-mapping>    
37   <welcome-file-list>
38     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
39   </welcome-file-list>
40 </web-app>
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posted @ 2017-03-04 13:08  陈泽俊  阅读(237)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报