ubuntu(修改root密码、设置root远程登陆、换源、设置静态ip)

修改root密码

sudo passwd root

设置root可以远程登录

 默认不带ssh，所以需要安装一下ssh

sudo apt install openssh-server

 允许root用户登录，编辑sshd_config

sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
找到# Authentication项下的
PermitRootLogin prohibit-password改成PermitRootLogin yes

重启ssh搞定

sudo systemctl restart sshd

更换国内源

备份

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources_init.list

搞清楚ubuntu的代号

4.10 Warty Warthog(长疣的疣猪)
5.04 Hoary Hedgehog(灰白的刺猬)
5.10 Breezy Badger(活泼的獾)

6.06(LTS) Dapper Drake(整洁的公鸭)
6.10 Edgy Eft(急躁的水蜥)
7.04 Feisty Fawn(坏脾气的小鹿)
7.10 Gutsy Gibbon(勇敢的长臂猿)

8.04(LTS) Hardy Heron(耐寒的苍鹭)
8.10 Intrepid Ibex (勇敢的野山羊)
9.04 Jaunty Jackalope(得意洋洋的怀俄明野兔)
9.10 Karmic Koala(幸运的考拉)

10.04(LTS) Lucid Lynx(清醒的猞猁)
10.10 Oneiric Ocelot(梦幻的豹猫)
11.04 Natty Narwhal(敏捷的独角鲸)
11.10 Oneiric Ocelot（有梦的虎猫）

12.04(LTS) Precise Pangolin(精准的穿山甲)
12.10 Quantal Quetzal(量子的绿咬鹃)
13.04 Raring Ringtail(铆足了劲的猫熊)
13.10 Saucy Salamander(活泼的蝾螈)

14.04(LTS) Trusty Tahr (可靠的塔尔羊)(LTS)
14.10 Utopic Unicorn(乌托邦独角兽)
15.04 Vivid Vervet (活泼的小猴)
15.10 Wily Werewolf (狡猾的狼人)

16.04(LTS) Xenial Xerus (好客的非洲地松鼠)
16.10 Yakkety Yak（牦牛）
17.04 Zesty Zapus(开心的跳鼠)
17.10 Artful Aardvark(机灵的土豚)

18.04(LTS) Bionic Beaver（仿生海狸）
18.10 Cosmic Cuttlefish（宇宙墨鱼）
19.04 Disco Dingo（舞动的灵犬）
19.10 Eoan Ermine（白貂）

20.04(LTS) Focal Fossa（专注的马达加斯加长尾狸猫）

查看系统版本

lsb_release -a

在阿里云上查找对应版本:http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/dists/

编辑/etc/apt/sources.list

然后以下面的为模板 以Codename替换TODO

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ TODO main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ TODO main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ TODO-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ TODO-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ TODO-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ TODO-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ TODO-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ TODO-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ TODO-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ TODO-backports main restricted universe multiverse

例子:20.04的源

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

更新

apt-get update
apt-get -f install
apt-get upgrade

设置固定ip 

根据网卡编号 编辑/etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml 设置静态ip 我这里是ens33

network:
    ethernets:
        ens33:
            addresses: [192.168.3.244/24, ]
            dhcp4: no
            dhcp6: no
            gateway4:  192.168.3.1
            nameservers:
                addresses: [8.8.8.8, 9.9.9.9]
    version: 2

 立即生效

netplan apply