CentOS7 PXE安装批量安装操作系统

1.安装相关软件

yum -y install tftp-server httpd dhcp syslinux

2.配置DHCP

cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

option domain-name "contoso.com";
option domain-name-servers ns1.contoso.com, contoso.com;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
log-facility local7;
subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {  //服务端IP网段及掩码
option routers 192.168.10.254; //网关
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; //掩码
option domain-name-servers 192.168.10.2;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.10.100 192.168.10.120;  //dhcp分发的地址范围
default-lease-time 21600; //设置默认的IP租用期限
max-lease-time 43200; //设置最大的IP租用期限
next-server 192.168.10.7;  //TFTP服务器地址
filename "pxelinux.0"; //指定引导文件位置，这里是TFTP根目录下的pxelinux.0
}

测试部署，DHCP由路由提供，需配置 Next server 、Boot File Name pxelinux.0

• 启动DHCP服务
  systemctl start dhcpd.service

3.配值tftp-server (基本不用修改配置文件)

• cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
#	protocol.  The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
#	workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
#	and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
	socket_type		= dgram
	protocol		= udp
	wait			= yes
	user			= root
	server			= /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
	server_args		= -s /var/lib/tftpboot
	disable			= yes
	per_source		= 11
	cps			= 100 2
	flags			= IPv4
}

• cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.service

[Unit]
Description=Tftp Server
Requires=tftp.socket
Documentation=man:in.tftpd

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/in.tftpd -s /var/lib/tftpboot
StandardInput=socket

[Install]
Also=tftp.socket

• 启动tftp-server服务
  systemctl start tftp.socket

• 设定PXE相关的文件：
  cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
cp /usr/share/syslinux/{chain.c32,mboot.c32,menu.c32,memdisk} /var/lib/tftpboot/
cp /media/cdrom/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/ #基于pxe安装使用的光盘上的文件（自己本地挂载光盘即可）或者是yum仓库里
  mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/

• vim default #default的文件内容如下

default menu.c32		#加载时显示的默认菜单控制的程序(配置无法启动，menu.c32 改成Linux）
  prompt 5			#显示提示符时间
  timeout 30			#超时时长
  MENU TITLE CentOS 7 PXE Menu			#标题为CentOS7 PXE Menu
 
  LABEL linux			#指明下面菜单项的label
  MENU LABEL Install CentOS 7 x86_64		#菜单的label
  KERNEL vmlinuz		#指明kernel文件
  APPEND initrd=initrd.img inst.repo=http://192.168.121.17/centos7 ks=http://192.168.121.17/centos7.cfg		#附加给kernel的参数，inst.repo可以是教室的ftp服务器，或者把光盘当做yum仓库，把它作为一个网站的访问就可以了

4.挂载ISO文件

mkdir -pv /media/cdrom
mount -r /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
mkdir -pv /var/www/html/centos7/
mount --bind /media/cdrom /var/www/html/centos7

5. 配置kickstart文件：

• 该kickstart文件是CentOS7 最小化安装的一部分+system-config-kickstart 命令创建的kickstart文件（强烈建议在desktop centos7 上面操作system-config-kickstart命令）的合集

#platform=x86, AMD64, 或 Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$kncWgT41$Z37pYAKljSaTTQ4EadDqE1
# Use network installation
url --url="http://10.2.1.10/centos7"
# System language
lang en_US
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512
# Use text mode install
text
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx

# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Network information
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33
network  --hostname=localhost.pxe
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --size=1024
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
part / --fstype="xfs" --grow --size=1

%post
systemctl disable postfix.service
%end

%packages
@^minimal
@compat-libraries
@debugging
@development
bash-completion
dos2unix
lrzsz
nmap
sysstat
tree
vim
wget

%end