将Excel文件数据导入到SqlServer数据库的三种方案
最近在一个项目中需要用到Excel文件导入数据库的功能,本人很懒,所以到网上搜了一堆方法,但是通过对比,觉得一下三种是比较好用或者不是很常见的方法,希望对大家有所帮助。
方案一: 通过OleDB方式获取Excel文件的数据,然后通过DataSet中转到SQL Server,这种方法的优点是非常的灵活,可以对Excel表中的各个单元格进行用户所需的操作。
- openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog();
- openFileDialog.Filter = "Excel files(*.xls)|*.xls";
- if(openFileDialog.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK)
- {
- FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(openFileDialog.FileName);
- string filePath = fileInfo.FullName;
- string connExcel = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + filePath + ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0";
- try
- {
- OleDbConnection oleDbConnection = new OleDbConnection(connExcel);
- oleDbConnection.Open();
- //获取excel表
- DataTable dataTable = oleDbConnection.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);
- //获取sheet名,其中[0][1]...[N]: 按名称排列的表单元素
- string tableName = dataTable.Rows[0][2].ToString().Trim();
- tableName = "[" + tableName.Replace("'","") + "]";
- //利用SQL语句从Excel文件里获取数据
- //string query = "SELECT classDate,classPlace,classTeacher,classTitle,classID FROM " + tableName;
- string query = "SELECT 日期,开课城市,讲师,课程名称,持续时间 FROM " + tableName;
- dataSet = new DataSet();
- //OleDbCommand oleCommand = new OleDbCommand(query, oleDbConnection);
- //OleDbDataAdapter oleAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(oleCommand);
- OleDbDataAdapter oleAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(query,connExcel);
- oleAdapter.Fill(dataSet,"gch_Class_Info");
- //从excel文件获得数据后,插入记录到SQL Server的数据表
- DataTable dataTable1 = new DataTable();
- SqlDataAdapter sqlDA1 = new SqlDataAdapter(@"SELECT classID, classDate,
- classPlace, classTeacher, classTitle, durativeDate FROM gch_Class_Info",sqlConnection1);
- //SqlCommandBuilder sqlCB1 = new SqlCommandBuilder(sqlDA1);
- sqlDA1.Fill(dataTable1);
- foreach(DataRow dataRow in dataSet.Tables["gch_Class_Info"].Rows)
- {
- DataRow dataRow1 = dataTable1.NewRow();
- dataRow1["classDate"] = dataRow["日期"];
- dataRow1["classPlace"] = dataRow["开课城市"];
- dataRow1["classTeacher"] = dataRow["讲师"];
- dataRow1["classTitle"] = dataRow["课程名称"];
- dataRow1["durativeDate"] = dataRow["持续时间"];
- dataTable1.Rows.Add(dataRow1);
- }
- Console.WriteLine("新插入 " + dataTable1.Rows.Count.ToString() + " 条记录");
- sqlDA1.Update(dataTable1);
- oleDbConnection.Close();
- }
- catch(Exception ex)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
- }
- }
方案二: 直接通过SQL语句执行SQL Server的功能函数将Excel文件转换到SQL Server数据库。
OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog();
- openFileDialog.Filter = "Excel files(*.xls)|*.xls";
- SqlConnection sqlConnection1 = null;
- if(openFileDialog.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK)
- {
- string filePath = openFileDialog.FileName;
- sqlConnection1 = new SqlConnection();
- sqlConnection1.ConnectionString = "server=(local);integrated security=SSPI;initial catalog=Library";
- //import excel into SQL Server 2000
- /*string importSQL = "SELECT * into live41 FROM OpenDataSource" +
- "('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0','Data Source=" + "\"" + "E:\\022n.xls" + "\"" +
- "; User ID=;Password=; Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...[Sheet1$]";*/
- //export SQL Server 2000 into excel
- string exportSQL = @"EXEC master..xp_cmdshell
- 'bcp Library.dbo.live41 out " + filePath + "-c -q -S" + "\"" + "\"" +
- " -U" + "\"" + "\"" + " -P" + "\"" + "\"" + "\'";
- try
- {
- sqlConnection1.Open();
- //SqlCommand sqlCommand1 = new SqlCommand();
- //sqlCommand1.Connection = sqlConnection1;
- //sqlCommand1.CommandText = importSQL;
- //sqlCommand1.ExecuteNonQuery();
- //MessageBox.Show("import finish!");
- SqlCommand sqlCommand2 = new SqlCommand();
- sqlCommand2.Connection = sqlConnection1;
- sqlCommand2.CommandText = exportSQL;
- sqlCommand2.ExecuteNonQuery();
- MessageBox.Show("export finish!");
- }
- catch(Exception ex)
- {
- MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
- }
- }
- if(sqlConnection1!=null)
- {
- sqlConnection1.Close();
- sqlConnection1 = null;
- }
方案三: 通过到入Excel的VBA dll,通过VBA接口获取Excel数据到DataSet
- OpenFileDialog openFile = new OpenFileDialog();
- openFile.Filter = "Excel files(*.xls)|*.xls";
- ExcelIO excelio = new ExcelIO();
- if(openFile.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK)
- {
- if(excelio!=null)
- excelio.Close();
- excelio = new ExcelIO(openFile.FileName);
- object[,] range = excelio.GetRange();
- excelio.Close();
- DataSet ds = new DataSet("xlsRange");
- int x = range.GetLength(0);
- int y = range.GetLength(1);
- DataTable dt = new DataTable("xlsTable");
- DataRow dr;
- DataColumn dc;
- ds.Tables.Add(dt);
- for(int c=1; c<=y; c++)
- {
- dc = new DataColumn();
- dt.Columns.Add(dc);
- }
- object[] temp = new object[y];
- for(int i=1; i<=x; i++)
- {
- dr = dt.NewRow();
- for(int j=1; j<=y; j++)
- {
- temp[j-1] = range[i,j];
- }
- dr.ItemArray = temp;
- ds.Tables[0].Rows.Add(dr);
- }
- dataGrid1.SetDataBinding(ds,"xlsTable");
- if(excelio!=null)
- excelio.Close();
- }
当然还有其他一些方法,如遍历Excel文件中的数据然后构造sql语句,直接利用sql操作Excel文件导入数据库等,这些都是很常见的方法,因此就不再做收录了。最后说明下,以上的方法是我从网上找的源码并做了一定的修改。
作者:Libo@Deng
出处:http://www.cnblogs.com/cxcco/
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