Hive搭建
我们的版本约定
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/soft/jdk1.8.0_171
HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/soft/hadoop-2.7.6
HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/soft/hive-1.2.1
安装Hive
#前提是:mysql和hadoop必须已经成功启动了
//查看MySQL是否成功启动
systemctl status mysqld
//查看hadoop是否成功启动
jps
1、在MySQL中创建hive元数据库
mysql -uroot -p123456
create database hive character set "latin1";
2、上传并解压 hive 的安装包
//切换目录
cd /usr/local/module/
//解压
tar -zxvf apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/soft/
//重命名
cd /usr/local/soft
mv apache-hive-1.2.1-bin hive-1.2.1
#hive的目录信息
3、配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile
HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/soft/hive-1.2.1
export PATH=$HIVE_HOME/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
4、修改配置文件
cd /usr/local/soft/hive-1.2.1/conf
cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh
cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml
//修改hive-env.sh
vim hive-env.sh
//添加
HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/soft/hadoop-2.7.6
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/soft/jdk1.8.0_171
HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/soft/hive-1.2.1
//修改hive-site.xml
vim hive-site.xml
//注意 这边是修改而不是替换
通过 / 来查找 并修改
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://master:3306/hive?useSSL=false</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>root</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>123456</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.querylog.location</name>
<value>/usr/local/soft/hive-1.2.1/tmp</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name>
<value>/usr/local/soft/hive-1.2.1/tmp</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name>
<value>/usr/local/soft/hive-1.2.1/tmp</value>
</property>
//拷贝mysql驱动到$HIVE_HOME/lib目录下
cp /usr/local/module/mysql-connector-java-5.1.49.jar /usr/local/soft/hive-1.2.1/lib/
//将hive的 jline-2.12.jar 拷贝到hadoop对应目录下
cp /usr/local/soft/hive-1.2.1/lib/jline-2.12.jar /usr/local/soft/hadoop-2.7.6/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/
5、启动/退出hive
//启动
hive
//退出
exit;
6、修改mysql元数据库hive,让其hive支持utf-8编码以支持中文
登录mysql:
mysql -u root -p123456
切换到hive数据库:
use hive;
1).修改字段注释字符集
alter table COLUMNS_V2 modify column COMMENT varchar(256) character set utf8;
2).修改表注释字符集
alter table TABLE_PARAMS modify column PARAM_VALUE varchar(4000) character set utf8;
3).修改分区表参数,以支持分区键能够用中文表示
alter table PARTITION_PARAMS modify column PARAM_VALUE varchar(4000) character set utf8;
alter table PARTITION_KEYS modify column PKEY_COMMENT varchar(4000) character set utf8;
alter table PARTITIONS modify column PART_NAME varchar(4000) character set utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL;
alter table PARTITION_KEY_VALS modify column PART_KEY_VAL varchar(4000) character set utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL;
4).修改索引注解(可选)
alter table INDEX_PARAMS modify column PARAM_VALUE varchar(4000) character set utf8;
7、测试hive
1、启动hive
2、在hive中创建test1数据库
create database test1;
3、切换test1数据库:
use test1;
4、创建students表:
create table students(
id bigint comment '学生id',
name string comment '学生姓名',
age int comment '学生年龄',
gender string comment '学生性别',
clazz string comment '学生班级'
) comment '学生信息表'
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';
5、创建score表:
create table score(
id bigint comment '学生id',
score_id bigint comment '科目id',
score int comment '学生成绩'
) comment '学生成绩表'
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';
6、查看表信息:
desc students;
desc score;