SQL EXISTS 运算符
EXISTS 运算符
EXISTS 运算符用于判断查询子句是否有记录,如果有一条或多条记录存在返回 True,否则返回 False。
SQL EXISTS 语法
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE EXISTS
(SELECT column_name FROM table_name WHERE condition);
演示数据库
在本教程中,我们将使用 RUNOOB 样本数据库。
下面是选自 "Websites" 表的数据:
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| id | name | url | alexa | country |
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| 1 | Google | https://www.google.cm/ | 1 | USA |
| 2 | 淘宝 | https://www.taobao.com/ | 13 | CN |
| 3 | 菜鸟教程 | http://www.runoob.com/ | 4689 | CN |
| 4 | 微博 | http://weibo.com/ | 20 | CN |
| 5 | Facebook | https://www.facebook.com/ | 3 | USA |
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
下面是 "access_log" 网站访问记录表的数据:
mysql> SELECT * FROM access_log;
+-----+---------+-------+------------+
| aid | site_id | count | date |
+-----+---------+-------+------------+
| 1 | 1 | 45 | 2016-05-10 |
| 2 | 3 | 100 | 2016-05-13 |
| 3 | 1 | 230 | 2016-05-14 |
| 4 | 2 | 10 | 2016-05-14 |
| 5 | 5 | 205 | 2016-05-14 |
| 6 | 4 | 13 | 2016-05-15 |
| 7 | 3 | 220 | 2016-05-15 |
| 8 | 5 | 545 | 2016-05-16 |
| 9 | 3 | 201 | 2016-05-17 |
+-----+---------+-------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
SQL EXISTS 实例
现在我们想要查找总访问量(count 字段)大于 200 的网站是否存在。
我们使用下面的 SQL 语句:
实例
SELECT Websites.name, Websites.url FROM Websites WHERE EXISTS (SELECT count FROM access_log WHERE Websites.id = access_log.site_id AND count > 200);
执行以上 SQL 输出结果如下:
![](https://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/4D0E05D2-8CCD-4F3E-97EE-FCAB9419FB27.jpg)
EXISTS 可以与 NOT 一同使用,查找出不符合查询语句的记录:
实例
SELECT Websites.name, Websites.url FROM Websites WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT count FROM access_log WHERE Websites.id = access_log.site_id AND count > 200);
执行以上 SQL 输出结果如下:
![](https://www.runoob.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/B77F8A09-2F6A-42DA-9029-0A324AA97664.jpg)