CSS基础-18-表单示例
文章目录
1. 输入框 input
1.1 简易输入框
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>hello world</title>
<style>
input {
width: 100%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<label for="fname">搜索</label>
<input type="text" id="fname" name="fname">
</form>
</body>
</html>
- 效果
1.2 可用属性选择器
- 选取文本输入框
input[type=text]
- 选择密码的输入框
input[type=password]
- 选择数字的输入框
input[type=number]
1.3 设置边框
<style>
input[type=text] {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px 20px;
margin: 8px 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
</style>
说明
box-sizing: border-box表示：
元素的完整高度/宽度 = 定义的高度/宽度(width) + 内边距(padding) + 边框(border)
- 效果
1.4 聚焦变化
- 示例 聚焦填色
input[type=text]:focus {
background-color: lightblue;
}
- 效果
- 示例 聚焦变边框
input[type=text]:focus {
border: 3px solid #555;
}
1.5 搜索框加图片
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>hello world</title>
<style>
input[type=text] {
width: 100%;
box-sizing: border-box;
border: 2px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 16px;
background-color: white;
background-image: url('./images/mix/searchicon.png');
background-position: 10px 10px;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
padding: 12px 20px 12px 40px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>搜索:</p>
<form>
<input type="text" name="search" placeholder="搜索..">
</form>
</body>
</html>
- 效果
2. 文本框示例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>hello world</title>
<style>
textarea {
width: 100%;
height: 150px;
padding: 12px 20px;
box-sizing: border-box;
border: 2px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px; /* 圆角 */
background-color: #f8f8f8;
font-size: 16px;
resize: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p><strong>提示:</strong> 随便写一些内容</p>
<form>
<textarea>一些文本...</textarea>
</form>
</body>
</html>
- 效果
3. 下拉菜单示例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>hello world</title>
<style>
select {
width: 100%;
padding: 16px 20px;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
background-color: #f1f1f1;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>选择武将</p>
<form>
<select id="country" name="country">
<option value="guanyu">关羽</option>
<option value="zhangfei">张飞</option>
<option value="zhaoyun">赵云</option>
</select>
</form>
</body>
</html>
- 效果
4. 按钮示例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>hello world</title>
<style>
input[type=button], input[type=submit], input[type=reset] {
background-color: #4CAF50;
border: none;
color: white;
padding: 16px 32px;
text-decoration: none;
margin: 4px 2px;
cursor: pointer;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>按钮样式</p>
<input type="button" value="按钮">
<input type="reset" value="重置">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</body>
</html>
- 效果
5. 表单综合示例
5.1 示例 1
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
input[type=text], select, textarea {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
resize: vertical;
}
label {
padding: 12px 12px 12px 0;
display: inline-block;
}
input[type=submit] {
background-color: #4CAF50;
color: white;
padding: 12px 20px;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
float: right;
}
input[type=submit]:hover {
background-color: #45a049;
}
.container {
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #f2f2f2;
padding: 20px;
}
.col-25 {
float: left;
width: 25%;
margin-top: 6px;
}
.col-75 {
float: left;
width: 75%;
margin-top: 6px;
}
/* 清除浮动 */
.row:after {
content: "";
display: table;
clear: both;
}
/* 响应式布局 layout - 在屏幕宽度小于 600px 时， 设置为上下堆叠元素 */
@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
.col-25, .col-75, input[type=submit] {
width: 100%;
margin-top: 0;
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>响应式表单</h2>
<div class="container">
<form action="/action_page.php">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-25">
<label for="fname">First Name</label>
</div>
<div class="col-75">
<input type="text" id="fname" name="firstname" placeholder="Your name..">
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-25">
<label for="lname">Last Name</label>
</div>
<div class="col-75">
<input type="text" id="lname" name="lastname" placeholder="Your last name..">
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-25">
<label for="country">Country</label>
</div>
<div class="col-75">
<select id="country" name="country">
<option value="australia">Australia</option>
<option value="canada">Canada</option>
<option value="usa">USA</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-25">
<label for="subject">Subject</label>
</div>
<div class="col-75">
<textarea id="subject" name="subject" placeholder="Write something.." style="height:200px"></textarea>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 效果
5.2 示例2
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>hello world</title>
</head>
<style>
input[type=text], select {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px 20px;
margin: 8px 0;
display: inline-block;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
input[type=submit] {
width: 100%;
background-color: #4CAF50;
color: white;
padding: 14px 20px;
margin: 8px 0;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
}
input[type=submit]:hover {
background-color: #45a049;
}
div {
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #f2f2f2;
padding: 20px;
}
</style>
<body>
<h3>使用 CSS 来渲染 HTML 的表单元素</h3>
<div>
<form action="/action_page.php">
<label for="fname">First Name</label>
<input type="text" id="fname" name="firstname" placeholder="Your name..">
<label for="lname">Last Name</label>
<input type="text" id="lname" name="lastname" placeholder="Your last name..">
<label for="country">Country</label>
<select id="country" name="country">
<option value="australia">Australia</option>
<option value="canada">Canada</option>
<option value="usa">USA</option>
</select>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- 效果
