MongoDB与Python的交互
管理员运行命令提示符
使用pip安装pymongo包（pymongo是Python中用来操作MongoDB的一个库）
注意：先要开启MongoDB服务
1、添加文档
1 from pymongo import MongoClient 2 3 # 连接服务器 4 conn = MongoClient("localhost", 27017) 5 6 # 连接数据库 7 db = conn.mydb 8 9 # 获取集合 10 collection = db.student 11 12 # 添加文档 13 # collection.insert_one({"name": "西施", "age": 17, "gender": 0, "address": "长沙", "isDelete": 0}) 14 # 一次性添加多个 15 collection.insert_many([{"name": "娜可露露", "age": 20, "gender": 0, "address": "东京", "isDelete": 0}, {"name": "不知火舞", "age": 19, "gender": 0, "address": "神户", "isDelete": 0}]) 16 17 # 断开 18 conn.close()
2、查询文档
1 from pymongo import MongoClient 2 3 # 连接服务器 4 conn = MongoClient("localhost", 27017) 5 6 # 连接数据库 7 db = conn.mydb 8 9 # 获取集合 10 collection = db.student 11 12 # 查询文档 (查询年龄>18) 13 res = collection.find({"age": {"$gt": 18}}) 14 15 for row in res: 16 print(row) 17 print(type(row)) # 字典类型 18 19 ''' 20 # 查询所有文件 21 res = collection.find() 22 23 for row in res: 24 print(row) 25 print(type(row)) # 字典类型 26 ''' 27 28 # 断开 29 conn.close()
1 from pymongo import MongoClient 2 3 # 用id查询引入 4 from bson.objectid import ObjectId 5 6 #排序方法2 需要的库 7 import pymongo 8 9 # 连接服务器 10 conn = MongoClient("localhost", 27017) 11 12 # 连接数据库 13 db = conn.mydb 14 15 # 获取集合 16 collection = db.student 17 18 ''' 19 # 查询文档 (查询年龄>18) 20 res = collection.find({"age": {"$gt": 18}}) 21 22 for row in res: 23 print(row) 24 print(type(row)) 25 26 # 查询所有文件 27 res = collection.find() 28 29 for row in res: 30 print(row) 31 print(type(row)) # 字典类型 32 33 # 统计查询 34 res = collection.find({"age": 18}).count() 35 print(res) # 4 36 37 38 # 根据id查询 39 res = collection.find({"_id": ObjectId("5f311d120606ec823eda6fcf")}) 40 print(res[0]) # {'_id': ObjectId('5f311d120606ec823eda6fcf'), 'name': '瑶', 'age': 16.0, 'gender': 0.0, 'address': '重庆', 'isDelete': 0.0} 41 42 ''' 43 # 排序 44 res = collection.find().sort("age") # 升序 45 46 # res = collection.find().sort("age", -1) # 降序 47 48 # 升序方法2 49 # collection.find().sort("age", pymongo.ASCENDING) 50 51 # 降序方法2 52 # res = collection.find().sort("age", pymongo.DESCENDING) 53 54 for row in res: 55 print(row) 56 57 # 断开 58 conn.close()
1 from pymongo import MongoClient 2 3 # 用id查询引入 4 from bson.objectid import ObjectId 5 6 #排序方法2 需要的库 7 import pymongo 8 9 # 连接服务器 10 conn = MongoClient("localhost", 27017) 11 12 # 连接数据库 13 db = conn.mydb 14 15 # 获取集合 16 collection = db.student 17 18 ''' 19 # 查询文档 (查询年龄>18) 20 res = collection.find({"age": {"$gt": 18}}) 21 22 for row in res: 23 print(row) 24 print(type(row)) 25 26 # 查询所有文件 27 res = collection.find() 28 29 for row in res: 30 print(row) 31 print(type(row)) # 字典类型 32 33 # 统计查询 34 res = collection.find({"age": 18}).count() 35 print(res) # 4 36 37 38 # 根据id查询 39 res = collection.find({"_id": ObjectId("5f311d120606ec823eda6fcf")}) 40 print(res[0]) # {'_id': ObjectId('5f311d120606ec823eda6fcf'), 'name': '瑶', 'age': 16.0, 'gender': 0.0, 'address': '重庆', 'isDelete': 0.0} 41 42 ''' 43 44 ''' 45 # 排序 46 res = collection.find().sort("age") # 升序 47 48 # res = collection.find().sort("age", -1) # 降序 49 50 # 升序方法2 51 # collection.find().sort("age", pymongo.ASCENDING) 52 53 # 降序方法2 54 # res = collection.find().sort("age", pymongo.DESCENDING) 55 for row in res: 56 print(row) 57 58 ''' 59 # 分页查询 (越过3页.再查4页) 60 res = collection.find().skip(3).limit(4) 61 for row in res: 62 print(row) 63 64 # 断开 65 conn.close()
3、更新文档
1 from pymongo import MongoClient 2 3 # 连接服务器 4 conn = MongoClient("localhost", 27017) 5 6 # 连接数据库 7 db = conn.mydb 8 9 # 获取集合 10 collection = db.student 11 12 # 更新1条文档 (条件name:娜可露露, 修改age:15) 13 collection.update_one({"name": "娜可露露"}, {"$set": {"age": 15}}) 14 # 用update_many()一次更新多个值 15 16 # 断开 17 conn.close()
4、删除文档
1 from pymongo import MongoClient 2 3 # 连接服务器 4 conn = MongoClient("localhost", 27017) 5 6 # 连接数据库 7 db = conn.mydb 8 9 # 获取集合 10 collection = db.student 11 12 # 删除1条文档 (条件name:不知火舞) 13 collection.delete_one({"name": "不知火舞"}) 14 collection.delete_one({"name": "甄姬"}) 15 16 # 一次删除多条（条件为name:娜可露露） 17 # collection.remove({"name": "娜可露露"}) 18 # collection.delete_many({"name": "娜可露露"}) 19 20 # 全部所有删除 慎用！ 21 # collection.remove({}) 22 # collection.delete_many({}) 23 24 # 断开 25 conn.close()
