线程间通信

线程之间需要一些协调通信,来共同完成一件任务。Java多线程中,线程之间通信最常用的两个方法是wait()与notify()

使用wait()与notify()实现线程间的通信,需注意:

①wait()与notify()必须配合synochnized关键字使用

②wait()会释放锁,notify()不会释放锁

 

1.不使用notify()与wait()实现通信:

参照demo1

public class TestWaitNotify {	
	private volatile static List list = new ArrayList();	
	public void add(){
		list.add("bjsxt");
	}
	public int size(){
		return list.size();
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		final TestWaitNotify list1 = new TestWaitNotify();
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				try {
					for(int i = 0; i <10; i++){
						list1.add();
						System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "添加了一个元素..");
						Thread.sleep(500);
					}	
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}, "t1");
		
		Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				while(true){
					if(list1.size() == 5){
						System.out.println("当前线程收到通知:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " list size = 5 线程停止..");
						throw new RuntimeException();
					}
				}
			}
		}, "t2");		
		
		t1.start();
		t2.start();
	}
}

 

运行结果:

demo1总结:该方式确实实现了线程间的通信,但是用法比较传统,使用不够灵活;

 

2.使用wait()与notify()方法实现线程间通信

代码参照demo2:

public class TestWaitNotify2 {
	private volatile static List list = new ArrayList();	
	
	public void add(){
		list.add("bjsxt");
	}
	public int size(){
		return list.size();
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {	
		final TestWaitNotify2 list2 = new TestWaitNotify2();
		
		// 1 实例化出来一个 lock
		// 当使用wait 和 notify 的时候 , 一定要配合着synchronized关键字去使用
		final Object lock = new Object();
		
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				try {
					synchronized (lock) {
						for(int i = 0; i <10; i++){
							list2.add();
							System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "添加了一个元素..");
							Thread.sleep(500);
							if(list2.size() == 5){
								System.out.println("已经发出通知..");
								lock.notify();
							}
						}						
					}
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}

			}
		}, "t1");
		
		Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				synchronized (lock) {
					if(list2.size() != 5){
						try {
							//System.out.println("t2进入...");
							lock.wait();
						} catch (InterruptedException e) {
							e.printStackTrace();
						}
					}
					System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "收到通知线程停止..");
					throw new RuntimeException();
				}
			}
		}, "t2");	
		t2.start();
		t1.start();	
	}
}

 运行结果:

demo2总结:

通过wait()与notify()虽然实现了线程间通信,但是不能实现实时通信,因为wait()方法释放锁,可是notify()不释放锁,只有等t1线程执行完了,t2线程才能拿到锁执行;

3.通过countDownLatch实现线程间实时通信

demo3代码如下:

public class TestWaitNotify2 {
	private volatile static List list = new ArrayList();	
	
	public void add(){
		list.add("bjsxt");
	}
	public int size(){
		return list.size();
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		final TestWaitNotify2 list2 = new TestWaitNotify2();
		
		// 1 实例化出来一个 lock
		// 当使用wait 和 notify 的时候 , 一定要配合着synchronized关键字去使用
		//final Object lock = new Object();
		
		final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
		
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				try {
					//synchronized (lock) {
						for(int i = 0; i <10; i++){
							list2.add();
							System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "添加了一个元素..");
							Thread.sleep(500);
							if(list2.size() == 5){
								System.out.println("已经发出通知..");
								countDownLatch.countDown();
								//lock.notify();
							}
						}						
					//}
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}

			}
		}, "t1");
		
		Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				//synchronized (lock) {
					if(list2.size() != 5){
						try {
							//System.out.println("t2进入...");
							//lock.wait();
							countDownLatch.await();
						} catch (InterruptedException e) {
							e.printStackTrace();
						}
					}
					System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "收到通知线程停止..");
					throw new RuntimeException();
				}
			//}
		}, "t2");	
		t2.start();
		t1.start();	
	}
}

 运行结果:

demo3总结:通过countDownLatch的awit()与countDown()方法(类似wait与notify)实现了线程间的实时通信,使用起来更灵活;

 

posted @ 2017-10-23 16:11  HappyCowboy  阅读(231)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报