Django 使用 modelformset 组件批量修改表单数据

１．ｍｏｄｅｌｓ．ｐｙ：

class StudentStudyRecord(models.Model):
    '''
    学生学习记录
    '''
    student = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="学员", to='Student',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    classstudyrecord = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="第几天课程", to="ClassStudyRecord",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    record_choices = (('checked', "已签到"),
                      ('vacate', "请假"),
                      ('late', "迟到"),
                      ('noshow', "缺勤"),
                      ('leave_early', "早退"),
                      )
    record = models.CharField("上课纪录", choices=record_choices, default="checked", max_length=64)
    score_choices = ((100, 'A+'),
                     (90, 'A'),
                     (85, 'B+'),
                     (80, 'B'),
                     (70, 'B-'),
                     (60, 'C+'),
                     (50, 'C'),
                     (40, 'C-'),
                     (0, ' D'),
                     (-1, 'N/A'),
                     (-100, 'COPY'),
                     (-1000, 'FAIL'),
                     )
    score = models.IntegerField("本节成绩", choices=score_choices, default=-1)
    homework_note = models.CharField(verbose_name='作业评语', max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    note = models.CharField(verbose_name="备注", max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)

    homework = models.FileField(verbose_name='作业文件', blank=True, null=True, default=None)
    stu_memo = models.TextField(verbose_name='学员备注', blank=True, null=True)
    date = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='提交作业日期', auto_now_add=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return "{0}-{1}".format(self.classstudyrecord, self.student)

    class Meta:
        unique_together=["student","classstudyrecord"]

２．ｖｉｅｗｓ．ｐｙ
from django.forms import modelform
＃对学生记录表建立一个ｍｏｄｅｌｆｏｒｍ
class StudentStudyRecordForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = models.StudentStudyRecord
        fields = ["score","homework_note"] #要在前端修改的字段

＃批量修改的学生成绩视图类
class RecordScoreView(View):

    def get(self, request, csr_id):

        from django.forms.models import modelformset_factory＃导入组件！

        model_formset_cls = modelformset_factory(model=models.StudentStudyRecord,form=StudentStudyRecordForm,extra=0)＃把数据库表实例化一个对象

        queryset = models.StudentStudyRecord.objects.filter(classstudyrecord=csr_id)

        formset = model_formset_cls(queryset=queryset)

        return render(request, 'student/record_score.html', locals())

    def post(self, request, csr_id):
        from django.forms.models import modelformset_factory
        model_formset_cls = modelformset_factory(model=models.StudentStudyRecord,form=StudentStudyRecordForm,extra=0)
        queryset = models.StudentStudyRecord.objects.filter(classstudyrecord=id)
        formset = model_formset_cls(request.POST)＃提交ｐｏｓｔ请求，校验成功直接保存．
        if formset.is_valid():
            formset.save()
        return self.get(request, csr_id=csr_id)


３．ｈｔｍｌ：

    <div class="panel panel-default">
        <div class="panel-heading">学习记录</div>
        <div class="panel-body">
            <div style="width: 680px;margin: 0 auto;">
                <form method="post" action="">
                    {% csrf_token %}
                    {{ formset.management_form }}　　＃后端使用ｍｏｄｅｌｆｏｒｍｓｅｔ组件时，前端必须加上这一句话！

                    <table class="table table-bordered">
                        <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th>姓名</th>
                            <th>考勤</th>
                            <th>作业成绩</th>
                            <th>作业评语</th>
                        </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody>
                        {% for form in formset %}
                            <tr>
                                {{ form.id }}
                                <td>{{ form.instance.student }}</td>　　　＃ｉｎｓｔａｎｃｅ加上，前端渲染的页面就没有这个修改项
                                <td>{{ form.instance.get_record_display }} </td>
                                <td>{{ form.score }} </td>
                                <td>{{ form.homework_note }}</td>
                            </tr>
                        {% endfor %}
                        </tbody>
                    </table>
                    <input type="submit" value="保存" class="btn-danger">
                </form>
            </div>
        </div>



    </div>
</div>