Mysql增删改查
表:
1.查看表创建语句:
show create table 表名;
2.删除表:
drop table 表名;
修改表结构:
1.添加一个列:
alter table 表名 add(列 列类型);
2.修改列类型:
alter table 表名 modify 列 列类型;
3.修改列名;
alter table 表名 change 原列名 新列名 列类型;
4.删除列:
alter table 表名 drop 列名;
5.修改表名:
alter table 原表名 rename to 新表名;
6.查看指定的列
select 列 from 表名;
条件查询:
条件:=,>,<,!=,<>,
in(set),is null,and,or,not,between...and
----e查询性别是女,年龄大于50岁的(and)
select * from stu where gender='female' and age>50;
select sid,sname from stu where gender='female' and age>50;
------大于年龄50岁的学员信息(>)
select * from stu where age>50;
select * from stu where age=40;
select * from stu where age< 30;
select * from stu where sname<>'lisi';
select * from stu where sname !='lisi';
----查询学号为1001 ,或者名字是李四(or)
select * from stu where sid='S_1001' or sname='lisi';
select sname,age from stu where sid='S_1001' or sname='lisi';
----查询学号在1001,1002,1003的学员信息
select * from stu where sid in('S_1001','S_1002','S_1003');
select age,gender from stu where sid in('S_1001','S_1002','S_1003');
-----查询学号不在1001,1002,1003
select * from stu where sid not in ('S_1001','S_1002','S_1003');
select age,gender from stu where sid not in('S_1001','S_1002','S_1003');
-----查询年龄为空的:
select * from stu where age is null;
insert into stu values('S_1012','aaa',null,'null');
select * from stu where gender is null;
select * from stu where gender ='null';
------查询年龄在20到40 (and)
select * from stu where age>=20 and age<=40;
select sid,sname from stu where age>=20 and age<=40;
------(between......and)
select * from stu where age between 20 and 40;
select sid,sname from stu where age between 20 and 40;
----查询性别非男学生信息
select * from stu where gender !='male';
select * from stu where gender <> 'male';
或者:
select * from stu where not gender='male';
-----查询姓名不是空的
select * from stu where not sname is null;
insert into stu values('S_1013','null',12,'male');
select * from stu where sname is not null;
模糊查询
-----模糊查询必须使用LIKE关键字。其中 “_”匹配任意一个字符,5个“_”表示5个任意字母。
----查询姓名有5个字母组成的
select * from stu where sname like'_____';
----查询姓名有3个字母组成
select * from stu where sname like'___';
-----查询姓名有5个字母组成,并且第5个字母为i
select * from stu where sname like'____i';
------查询姓名有五个字母组成,在第五个字母为i的学生ID,gender
select sid,gender from stu where sname like'____i';
----查询姓名以z开头的学生信息
---%代表所有其中“%”匹配0~n个任何字母。(%表示任意个字符,从0到多个字符)
select * from stu where sname like'z%';
----查询姓名以z开头有6字母组成
select * from stu where sname like'z_____';
-----查询姓名第二个字母为i的学生信息
select * from stu where sname like '_i%';
----查询姓名中包含a学生信息
select * from stu where sname like'%a%';
字段控制查询
select * from emp;
----去除重复记录:
select distinct(去掉重复的) sal from emp;
-----查看员工的月薪和奖金之和:
select *(原来的所有的列),sal+ comm from emp;
---把奖金是为null的转换0(必须都是数值类型)
select *,sal+ifnull(comm,0) from emp;
----给字段其别名:(关键字as 可以省略)
select *,sal+ifnull(comm,0) as 总和 from emp;
排序:(默认的是升序)
----order by
----asc 升序
----desc 降序
select * from stu order by age;
-年龄按照升序查询----
select * from stu order by age asc;
----年龄按照降序排序
select * from stu order by age desc;
----查询员工月薪按降序排序 ,如果月薪相同按编号排序
select * from emp order by sal desc,empno asc;
分组查询:group by
limit
------查询前五行的信息
select * from emp limit 0,5;
-----查询10行记录从第三行开始:
select * from emp limit 2,10;
-----分页查询:
---如果一页记录为10条,希望查看第3页记录
Select * from emp limit (3-1)*10,10