Abstract Factory Design Pattern
Abstract Factory patterns work around a super-factory which creates other factories.
This factory is also called as factory of factories. This type of design pattern comes under creational pattern
In Abstract Factory pattern an interface is responsible for creating a factory of related objects without explicitly specifying their classes.
Each generated factory can give the objects as per the Factory pattern.
Below is the diagram and with code as example:
Step1. Create Shape Interface as shown in the above image with method draw.
Shape.java
public interface Shape { void draw(); }
Step 2. Create Concrete Classes implementing the same interface.
RoundedRectangle.java
public class RoundedRectangle implements Shape { @Override public void draw() { System.out.println("Inside RoundedRectangle::draw() method."); } }
RoundedSquare.java
public class RoundedSquare implements Shape { @Override public void draw() { System.out.println("Inside RoundedSquare::draw() method."); } }
Rectangle.java
public class Rectangle implements Shape { @Override public void draw() { System.out.println("Inside Rectangle::draw() method."); } }
Square.java
public class Square implements Shape { @Override public void draw() { System.out.println("Inside Square::draw() method."); } }
Step3.
Create an Abstract class to get factories for Normal and Rounded Shape Objects.
public abstract class AbstractFactory { abstract Shape getShape(String shapeType) ; }
Step 4
Create Factory classes extending AbstractFactory to generate object of concrete class based on given information.
ShapeFactory.java
public class ShapeFactory extends AbstractFactory { @Override public Shape getShape(String shapeType){ if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("RECTANGLE")){ return new Rectangle(); }else if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("SQUARE")){ return new Square(); } return null; } }
RoundedShapeFactory.java
public class RoundedShapeFactory extends AbstractFactory { @Override public Shape getShape(String shapeType){ if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("RECTANGLE")){ return new RoundedRectangle(); }else if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("SQUARE")){ return new RoundedSquare(); } return null; } }
Step 5.
Create a Factory generator/producer class to get factories by passing an information
FactoryProducer.java
public class FactoryProducer { public static AbstractFactory getFactory(boolean rounded){ if(rounded){ return new RoundedShapeFactory(); }else{ return new ShapeFactory(); } } }
Step 6.
Use the FactoryProducer to get AbstractFactory in order to get factories of concrete classes by passing an information such as type.
AbstractFactoryPatternDemo.java
public class AbstractFactoryPatternDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { //get rounded shape factory AbstractFactory shapeFactory = FactoryProducer.getFactory(false); //get an object of Shape Rounded Rectangle Shape shape1 = shapeFactory.getShape("RECTANGLE"); //call draw method of Shape Rectangle shape1.draw(); //get an object of Shape Rounded Square Shape shape2 = shapeFactory.getShape("SQUARE"); //call draw method of Shape Square shape2.draw(); //get rounded shape factory AbstractFactory shapeFactory1 = FactoryProducer.getFactory(true); //get an object of Shape Rectangle Shape shape3 = shapeFactory1.getShape("RECTANGLE"); //call draw method of Shape Rectangle shape3.draw(); //get an object of Shape Square Shape shape4 = shapeFactory1.getShape("SQUARE"); //call draw method of Shape Square shape4.draw(); } }