使用Lombok简化你的代码
使用Lombok简化你的代码
一、安装
- eclipse
下载:https://projectlombok.org/
双击安装即可。
重启eclipse/myeclipse
如果有报错,clean一下项目就ok了。
- intellij
安装lombok插件即可
setting→plugins→搜lombok→安装(需要重启)
二、Lombok用法
注解说明
val
:用在局部变量前面,相当于将变量声明为final@NonNull
:给方法参数增加这个注解会自动在方法内对该参数进行是否为空的校验,如果为空,则抛出NPE(NullPointerException)@Cleanup
:自动管理资源,用在局部变量之前,在当前变量范围内即将执行完毕退出之前会自动清理资源,自动生成try-finally这样的代码来关闭流@Getter/@Setter
:用在属性上,再也不用自己手写setter和getter方法了,还可以指定访问范围@ToString
:用在类上,可以自动覆写toString方法,当然还可以加其他参数,例如@ToString(exclude=”id”)排除id属性,或者@ToString(callSuper=true, includeFieldNames=true)调用父类的toString方法,包含所有属性@EqualsAndHashCode
:用在类上,自动生成equals方法和hashCode方法@NoArgsConstructor, @RequiredArgsConstructor and @AllArgsConstructor
:用在类上,自动生成无参构造和使用所有参数的构造函数以及把所有@NonNull属性作为参数的构造函数,如果指定staticName = “of”参数,同时还会生成一个返回类对象的静态工厂方法,比使用构造函数方便很多@Data
:注解在类上,相当于同时使用了@ToString
、@EqualsAndHashCode
、@Getter
、@Setter
和@RequiredArgsConstrutor
这些注解,对于POJO类
十分有用@Value
:用在类上,是@Data的不可变形式,相当于为属性添加final声明,只提供getter方法,而不提供setter方法@Builder
:用在类、构造器、方法上,为你提供复杂的builder APIs,让你可以像如下方式一样调用Person.builder().name("Adam Savage").city("San Francisco").job("Mythbusters").job("Unchained Reaction").build();
更多说明参考Builder@SneakyThrows
:自动抛受检异常,而无需显式在方法上使用throws语句@Synchronized
:用在方法上,将方法声明为同步的,并自动加锁,而锁对象是一个私有的属性$lock
或$LOCK
,而java中的synchronized关键字锁对象是this,锁在this或者自己的类对象上存在副作用,就是你不能阻止非受控代码去锁this或者类对象,这可能会导致竞争条件或者其它线程错误@Getter(lazy=true)
:可以替代经典的Double Check Lock样板代码@Log
:根据不同的注解生成不同类型的log对象,但是实例名称都是log,有六种可选实现类@CommonsLog
Creates log = org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory.getLog(LogExample.class);@Log
Creates log = java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(LogExample.class.getName());@Log4j
Creates log = org.apache.log4j.Logger.getLogger(LogExample.class);@Log4j2
Creates log = org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(LogExample.class);@Slf4j
Creates log = org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogExample.class);@XSlf4j
Creates log = org.slf4j.ext.XLoggerFactory.getXLogger(LogExample.class);
三、代码示例
- val
-
val示例
2345678910public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
val sets =
new
HashSet<String>();
val lists =
new
ArrayList<String>();
val maps =
new
HashMap<String, String>();
//=>相当于如下
final
Set<String> sets2 =
new
HashSet<>();
final
List<String> lists2 =
new
ArrayList<>();
final
Map<String, String> maps2 =
new
HashMap<>();
}
-
@NonNull示例
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public void notNullExample( @NonNull String string) { string.length(); } |
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//=>相当于 public void notNullExample(String string) { if (string != null ) { string.length(); } else { throw new NullPointerException( "null" ); } } |
-
@Cleanup示例
234567891011121314151617181920212223public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
try
{
@Cleanup
InputStream inputStream =
new
FileInputStream(args[
0
]);
}
catch
(FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//=>相当于
InputStream inputStream =
null
;
try
{
inputStream =
new
FileInputStream(args[
0
]);
}
catch
(FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally
{
if
(inputStream !=
null
) {
try
{
inputStream.close();
}
catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
-
@Getter/@Setter示例
2345@Setter
(AccessLevel.PUBLIC)
@Getter
(AccessLevel.PROTECTED)
private
int
id;
private
String shap;
-
@ToString示例
23456789101112@ToString
(exclude =
"id"
, callSuper =
true
, includeFieldNames =
true
)
public
class
LombokDemo {
private
int
id;
private
String name;
private
int
age;
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
//输出LombokDemo(super=LombokDemo@48524010, name=null, age=0)
System.out.println(
new
LombokDemo());
}
}
-
@EqualsAndHashCode示例
23456@EqualsAndHashCode
(exclude = {
"id"
,
"shape"
}, callSuper =
false
)
public
class
LombokDemo {
private
int
id;
private
String shap;
}
-
@NoArgsConstructor, @RequiredArgsConstructor and @AllArgsConstructor示例
234567891011121314151617181920@NoArgsConstructor
@RequiredArgsConstructor
(staticName =
"of"
)
@AllArgsConstructor
public
class
LombokDemo {
@NonNull
private
int
id;
@NonNull
private
String shap;
private
int
age;
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
new
LombokDemo(
1
,
"circle"
);
//使用静态工厂方法
LombokDemo.of(
2
,
"circle"
);
//无参构造
new
LombokDemo();
//包含所有参数
new
LombokDemo(
1
,
"circle"
,
2
);
}
}
-
@Data示例
23456789101112131415161718import
lombok.Data;
@Data
public
class
Menu {
private
String shopId;
private
String skuMenuId;
private
String skuName;
private
String normalizeSkuName;
private
String dishMenuId;
private
String dishName;
private
String dishNum;
//默认阈值
private
float
thresHold =
0
;
//新阈值
private
float
newThresHold =
0
;
//总得分
private
float
totalScore =
0
;
}
-
@Value示例
23456789101112131415@Value
public
class
LombokDemo {
@NonNull
private
int
id;
@NonNull
private
String shap;
private
int
age;
//相当于
private
final
int
id;
public
int
getId() {
return
this
.id;
}
...
}
-
@Builder示例
234567891011@Builder
public
class
BuilderExample {
private
String name;
private
int
age;
@Singular
private
Set<String> occupations;
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
BuilderExample test = BuilderExample.builder().age(
11
).name(
"test"
).build();
}
}
-
@SneakyThrows示例
234567891011121314151617181920212223import
lombok.SneakyThrows;
import
java.io.FileInputStream;
import
java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import
java.io.InputStream;
import
java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
public
class
Test {
@SneakyThrows
()
public
void
read() {
InputStream inputStream =
new
FileInputStream(
""
);
}
@SneakyThrows
public
void
write() {
throw
new
UnsupportedEncodingException();
}
//相当于
public
void
read()
throws
FileNotFoundException {
InputStream inputStream =
new
FileInputStream(
""
);
}
public
void
write()
throws
UnsupportedEncodingException {
throw
new
UnsupportedEncodingException();
}
}
-
@Synchronized示例
234567891011121314public
class
SynchronizedDemo {
@Synchronized
public
static
void
hello() {
System.out.println(
"world"
);
}
//相当于
private
static
final
Object $LOCK =
new
Object[
0
];
public
static
void
hello() {
synchronized
($LOCK) {
System.out.println(
"world"
);
}
}
}
-
@Getter(lazy = true)
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public class GetterLazyExample { @Getter (lazy = true ) private final double [] cached = expensive(); private double [] expensive() { double [] result = new double [ 1000000 ]; for ( int i = 0 ; i < result.length; i++) { result[i] = Math.asin(i); } return result; } } |
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import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference; public class GetterLazyExample { private final AtomicReference<java.lang.Object> cached = new AtomicReference<>(); public double [] getCached() { java.lang.Object value = this .cached.get(); if (value == null ) { synchronized ( this .cached) { value = this .cached.get(); if (value == null ) { final double [] actualValue = expensive(); value = actualValue == null ? this .cached : actualValue; this .cached.set(value); } } } return ( double []) (value == this .cached ? null : value); } private double [] expensive() { double [] result = new double [ 1000000 ]; for ( int i = 0 ; i < result.length; i++) { result[i] = Math.asin(i); } return result; } } |