《springCloud系列》——Eureka 进行服务治理

整理一下:

  • @EnableEurekaServer     注册中心
  • @EnableDiscoveryClient  提供服务
  • @EnableFeignClients     消费者(Feign特有的,而且他自带断路器)
  • @EnableHystrix          断路器
  • @EnableHystrixDashboard 开启仪表盘
  • @EnableZuulProxy        开启路由

 

 

 

事先声明,一定要按照我上面的pom写,因为各种版本冲突,哎。真是操蛋 。没必要追求最新的。刚开始能跑起来就行。不多说,看代码,如果有错误,看我另外一篇,springcloud错误集合

新建一个服务中心:目的是让你的写的服务都注册上面,然后还需要写几个服务,然后还要写几个消费者

----------------------------------------------注册中心------------------------------------------------

erueka  pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>eureka</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Camden.SR6</spring-cloud.version>
        <jdbc.version>5.1.30</jdbc.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>
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EurekaApplication.java 启动类
package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class, args);
    }
}
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application.yml

server:
   port: 9999
spring:
  application:
     name: eureka-service


 #    eureka server 相关配置
eureka:
   instance:
     hostname: localhost
   client:
     registerWithEureka: false #表示是否将自己注册到Eureka Server上,默认为true
     fetchRegistry: false #表示是否从Eureka Server上获取注册信息,默认为true
     serviceUrl:
       defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka #设置服务注册中心的URL
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ok,一个最简单的注册中心就好了

 

----------------------------------------------注册服务------------------------------------------------

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>eurekaclient</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>eureka-client</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Camden.SR6</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>



</project>
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EurekaClientApplication.java
package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class EurekaClientApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientApplication.class, args);
    }
}
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application.yml

server:
   port: 9998
spring:
  application:
     name: eureka-client

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:9999/eureka
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 ----------------------------------------------负载均衡ribbon----------------------------------------

将注册服务再复制一份,端口改一下,spring.application.name.eureka-client      这个要一样 这样就配了一个小集群。然后用ribbon来创建消费者,配置一个简单的负载均衡服务

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloudribbon</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springcloud-ribbon</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Camden.SR6</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>


</project>
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SpringcloudRibbonApplication.java
package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class SpringcloudRibbonApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudRibbonApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}
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HelloControler.java
package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * Created by lilipo on 2018/5/3.
 */
@RestController
public class HelloControler {
    @Autowired
    HelloService helloService;
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi")
    public String hi(@RequestParam String name){
        return helloService.hiService(name);
    }
}
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HelloService.java
package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * Created by lilipo on 2018/5/3.
 */
@Service
public class HelloService {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    public String hiService(String name) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://eureka-client/hi?name="+name,String.class);
    }
}
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如果正确启动的话,你会在浏览器上看到端口轮询出现。就说明负载均衡配置好了。实在是太简单了。参考博客:https://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/69788938

 

  ----------------------------------------------服务消费者(Feign)----------------------------------------

Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端,它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign,只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性,可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon,并和Eureka结合,默认实现了负载均衡的效果。

简而言之:

  • Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
  • Feign 整合了ribbon

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloudfeign</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springcloud-feign</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Camden.SR6</spring-cloud.version>
        <jdbc.version>5.1.30</jdbc.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>
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SpringcloudFeignApplication.java (@EnableFeignClients注解开启Feign的功能)
package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class SpringcloudFeignApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudFeignApplication.class, args);
    }
}
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HiController.java
package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * Created by lilipo on 2018/5/3.
 */
@RestController
public class HiController {
    @Autowired
    SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi;
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name){
        return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne(name);
    }
}
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SchedualServiceHi.java (定义一个feign接口,通过@ FeignClient(“服务名”),来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了service-hi服务的“/hi”接口)
package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

/**
 * Created by lilipo on 2018/5/3.
 */
@FeignClient(value = "eureka-client")
@Service
public interface  SchedualServiceHi {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}
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如果正确启动,那么会实现和ribbon一样的效果。默认有负载均衡的作用,更加简单。

参考博客:https://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/69808079

----------------------------------------------断路器(Hystrix)----------------------------------------

断路器(Hystrix)的作用就是当你的调用服务的时候,注册的服务挂了,这时候会走一个你指定的方法,而不是一直等待或者报错。分别从ribbon和Feign两种情况做演示

只是改造而已,在ribbon的项目上增加下面这个依赖

 

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>

 

 

 

在启动类上增加@EnableHystrix注解

改造HelloService类,在hiService方法上加上@HystrixCommand注解。该注解对该方法创建了熔断器的功能,并指定了fallbackMethod熔断方法,熔断方法直接返回了一个字符串,字符串为”hi,”+name+”,sorry,error!”,代码如下:

 

@Service
public class HelloService {

    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "hiError")
    public String hiService(String name) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://SERVICE-HI/hi?name="+name,String.class);
    }

    public String hiError(String name) {
        return "hi,"+name+",sorry,error!";
    }
}
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当 service-hi 工程不可用的时候,service-ribbon调用 service-hi的API接口时,会执行快速失败,直接返回一组字符串,而不是等待响应超时,这很好的控制了容器的线程阻塞。

 

 

 

Feign中使用断路器

Feign是自带断路器的,在D版本的Spring Cloud中,它没有默认打开。需要在配置文件中配置打开它,在配置文件加以下

 

feign.hystrix.enabled=true

基于service-feign工程进行改造,只需要在FeignClient的SchedualServiceHi接口的注解中加上fallback的指定类就行了:

@FeignClient(value = "service-hi",fallback = SchedualServiceHiHystric.class)
public interface SchedualServiceHi {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}
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SchedualServiceHiHystric需要实现SchedualServiceHi 接口,并注入到Ioc容器中,代码如下:

@Component
public class SchedualServiceHiHystric implements SchedualServiceHi {
    @Override
    public String sayHiFromClientOne(String name) {
        return "sorry "+name;
    }
}
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------------------------Hystrix Dashboard (断路器:Hystrix 仪表盘)-------------------------------------

基于service-ribbon 改造

在pom中增加依赖

 

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
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在主程序启动类中加入@EnableHystrixDashboard注解,开启hystrixDashboard:

 

ok,访问:http://192.168.1.28:9996/hystrix  端口号是你这个ribbon项目的端口号  会出现一个熊猫界面

第一个框填上http://localhost:9996/hystrix.stream   第二个Title  随便填。自定义名字 然后点击下面的按钮会出现另外一个界面

 

基于service-ribbon 改造             (和ribbon的差不多,但是有坑,依赖问题,需要注意一下。 )

添加依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
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在主程序启动类中加入@EnableHystrixDashboard注解,开启hystrixDashboard:   

 

 参考博客:https://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/69934399#commentsedit

 

------------------------------------------路由网关(zuul)-----------------------------------------------

新建一个zuul网关项目

pom.xml

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloudzuul</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springcloud-zuul</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Camden.SR6</spring-cloud.version>
        <jdbc.version>5.1.30</jdbc.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>
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SpringcloudZuulApplication.java(@EnableZuulProxy注解开启路由)
package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

@EnableZuulProxy
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringcloudZuulApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudZuulApplication.class, args);
    }
}
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 application.yml
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:9999/eureka/
server:
  port: 9994
spring:
  application:
    name: service-zuul
zuul:
  routes:
    api-a:
      path: /api-a/**
      serviceId: service-ribbon
    api-b:
      path: /api-b/**
      serviceId: service-feign
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首先指定服务注册中心的地址为http://localhost:9999/eureka/,服务的端口为9994,服务名为service-zuul;以/api-a/ 开头的请求都转发给service-ribbon服务;以/api-b/开头的请求都转发给service-feign服务;

 访问:http://localhost:9994/api-a/hi?name=forezp  和  http://localhost:9994/api-b/hi?name=forezp  看结果

参考博客:https://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/69939114

 

posted @ 2018-04-27 17:13  发疯的man  阅读(273)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报