Spring Boot 实践1 --创建WEB restful项目，集成jpa
实践背景:基于Spring boot 快速创建web+jpa(mysql)项目
条件：java8,服务器使用springboot 内置tomcat
(转载请注明来源:cnblogs coder-fang)
- 下载springboot 专用IDE,STS（spring tools),创建项目:
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不要选择其它，直接finish.
- 修改POM文件，首先修改 spring-boot-starter-parent版本如下:
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.3.RELEASE</version> </parent>
修改到1.5.3是为了兼容之后我们要实践的spring cloud版本.
- 增加web与jpa相关依赖:
<!-- web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- jpa --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency>
- 项目包的组织方式如下，使项目入口的Application在最顶层。
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本次实践基于mysql,数据库testdb,数据结构为:
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在com.test.demo.db.entity包下，创建两个表对应的实体（最好使用JPA自动生成工具）:
View Codepackage com.test.demo.db.entity; import java.io.Serializable; import javax.persistence.*; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore; import java.util.List; /** * The persistent class for the department database table. * */ @Entity @Table(name="department") public class Department implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY) private int id; private String name; //bi-directional many-to-one association to User @OneToMany(mappedBy="department") @JsonIgnore private List<User> users; public Department() { } public int getId() { return this.id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return this.name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public List<User> getUsers() { return this.users; } public void setUsers(List<User> users) { this.users = users; } public User addUser(User user) { getUsers().add(user); user.setDepartment(this); return user; } public User removeUser(User user) { getUsers().remove(user); user.setDepartment(null); return user; } }
View Codepackage com.test.demo.db.entity; import java.io.Serializable; import javax.persistence.*; /** * The persistent class for the user database table. * */ @Entity @Table(name="user") public class User implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY) private int id; private String username; //bi-directional many-to-one association to Department @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name="fk_depart") private Department department; public User() { } public int getId() { return this.id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getUsername() { return this.username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public Department getDepartment() { return this.department; } public void setDepartment(Department department) { this.department = department; } }
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在package com.test.demo.db.repo包中创建repository,只需要继承JpaRepository:
package com.test.demo.db.repo; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.test.demo.db.entity.Department; @Repository public interface DepartmentRepository extends JpaRepository<Department, Integer> { }
package com.test.demo.db.repo; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.test.demo.db.entity.User; @Repository public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Integer>{ User findByUsernameLike(String name); }
通用的CRUD已全部被Spring boot实现(很强大)，特定的CRUD只需要在此接口下进行编辑即可（例如 UserRepository下的findByUsernameLike函数），相关的命名规则请自行搜索spring-data-jpa相关资料。
- 在application.properties中增加对数据库的访问配置:
#for db spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/testdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 spring.datasource.username=test spring.datasource.password=test spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none spring.jpa.show-sql=true
- 在包 com.test.demo.controller 中增加controller,且可直接注入上述的repository,相关实现springboot已自动为我们完善:
View Code
package com.test.demo.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.test.demo.db.entity.User; @RestController public class MainCtrl{ protected Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); @Autowired protected UserRepository userRepo; @Autowired protected DepartmentRepository departRepo; @RequestMapping("user/{name}") Object getuser(@PathVariable("name") String name,HttpServletRequest request) { log.debug("invoke user by name:"+name); request.getSession().setAttribute("user", name); User user =userRepo.findByUsernameLike(name+"%"); return user; } @RequestMapping("depart/{id}") Object getdepart(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) { return departRepo.findOne(id); } }
- 至此，我们的项目已可以正常运转，YES，就是这么快，使用Run As Spring boot app,启动应用:
- 控制台输出最后几行:
View Code
2017-11-03 15:58:59.347 WARN 10712 --- [ restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource : No URLs will be polled as dynamic configuration sources. 2017-11-03 15:58:59.348 INFO 10712 --- [ restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource : To enable URLs as dynamic configuration sources, define System property archaius.configurationSource.additionalUrls or make config.properties available on classpath. 2017-11-03 15:58:59.355 WARN 10712 --- [ restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource : No URLs will be polled as dynamic configuration sources. 2017-11-03 15:58:59.356 INFO 10712 --- [ restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource : To enable URLs as dynamic configuration sources, define System property archaius.configurationSource.additionalUrls or make config.properties available on classpath. 2017-11-03 15:58:59.529 INFO 10712 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup 2017-11-03 15:58:59.545 INFO 10712 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Bean with name 'environmentManager' has been autodetected for JMX exposure 2017-11-03 15:58:59.550 INFO 10712 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Bean with name 'configurationPropertiesRebinder' has been autodetected for JMX exposure 2017-11-03 15:58:59.551 INFO 10712 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Bean with name 'refreshScope' has been autodetected for JMX exposure 2017-11-03 15:58:59.556 INFO 10712 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Located managed bean 'environmentManager': registering with JMX server as MBean [org.springframework.cloud.context.environment:name=environmentManager,type=EnvironmentManager] 2017-11-03 15:58:59.580 INFO 10712 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Located managed bean 'refreshScope': registering with JMX server as MBean [org.springframework.cloud.context.scope.refresh:name=refreshScope,type=RefreshScope] 2017-11-03 15:58:59.604 INFO 10712 --- [ restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Located managed bean 'configurationPropertiesRebinder': registering with JMX server as MBean [org.springframework.cloud.context.properties:name=configurationPropertiesRebinder,context=45f223a5,type=ConfigurationPropertiesRebinder] 2017-11-03 15:59:00.200 INFO 10712 --- [ restartedMain] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) 2017-11-03 15:59:00.208 INFO 10712 --- [ restartedMain] com.test.demo.SpringmvcTestApplication : Started SpringmvcTestApplication in 11.76 seconds (JVM running for 13.164)
- 浏览器中输入localhost:8080/user/zh ,相关界面输出如下:
总结：通过上述步骤，迅速搭建WEB应用，SPRING BOOT为我们带的的开发效率是质的变化。
大家可以搜索springboot相关的filter,listener,也是非常方便的，基本不需要XML配置。
