[LeetCode] 1652. Defuse the Bomb
You have a bomb to defuse, and your time is running out! Your informer will provide you with a circular array code of length of n and a key k.
To decrypt the code, you must replace every number. All the numbers are replaced simultaneously.
If k > 0, replace the ith number with the sum of the next k numbers.
If k < 0, replace the ith number with the sum of the previous k numbers.
If k == 0, replace the ith number with 0.
As code is circular, the next element of code[n-1] is code[0], and the previous element of code[0] is code[n-1].
Given the circular array code and an integer key k, return the decrypted code to defuse the bomb!
Example 1:
Input: code = [5,7,1,4], k = 3
Output: [12,10,16,13]
Explanation: Each number is replaced by the sum of the next 3 numbers. The decrypted code is [7+1+4, 1+4+5, 4+5+7, 5+7+1]. Notice that the numbers wrap around.
Example 2:
Input: code = [1,2,3,4], k = 0
Output: [0,0,0,0]
Explanation: When k is zero, the numbers are replaced by 0.
Example 3:
Input: code = [2,4,9,3], k = -2
Output: [12,5,6,13]
Explanation: The decrypted code is [3+9, 2+3, 4+2, 9+4]. Notice that the numbers wrap around again. If k is negative, the sum is of the previous numbers.
Constraints:
n == code.length
1 <= n <= 100
1 <= code[i] <= 100
-(n - 1) <= k <= n - 1
拆炸弹。
你有一个炸弹需要拆除,时间紧迫!你的情报员会给你一个长度为 n 的 循环 数组 code 以及一个密钥 k 。为了获得正确的密码,你需要替换掉每一个数字。所有数字会 同时 被替换。
如果 k > 0 ,将第 i 个数字用 接下来 k 个数字之和替换。
如果 k < 0 ,将第 i 个数字用 之前 k 个数字之和替换。
如果 k == 0 ,将第 i 个数字用 0 替换。
由于 code 是循环的, code[n-1] 下一个元素是 code[0] ,且 code[0] 前一个元素是 code[n-1] 。给你 循环 数组 code 和整数密钥 k ,请你返回解密后的结果来拆除炸弹!
思路
题意不难理解,暴力解就是当遍历到每个 index i
的时候,往他的左边或者右边(取决于 k 是正的还是负的)看 k 个数字然后把这 k 个数字的和计算出来。这个做法的复杂度是O(n * k)。
这里我提供一个更优的解法,思路是滑动窗口,而且是长度固定的滑动窗口。注意这里的一个 corner case 是如果 k = 0,直接返回一个和 input 数组长度相等的数组,里面全填 0 即可。对于一般的 case,如果 k > 0,那么从第一个下标 i = 0 开始,就看 [left, right] 这一段子数组的和是多少,其中 left = i + 1, right = i + k - 1。注意如果 right 超过数组本身长度 n 的话,要取模。
如果 k < 0,也是从第一个下标 i = 0 开始,看他左侧 k 个数字的和是多少,注意 left 和 right 是怎么取到的。
但是因为 left 和 right 之间的距离就是 k,所以这道题的大致思路是定长的滑动窗口。
复杂度
时间O(n)
空间O(1)
代码
Java实现
class Solution {
public int[] decrypt(int[] code, int k) {
int n = code.length;
int[] res = new int[n];
// corner case
if (k == 0) {
return res;
}
if (k > 0) {
int left = 1;
int right = left + k - 1;
int sum = 0;
// initial
for (int i = left; i <= right; i++) {
sum += code[i];
}
res[0] = sum;
for (int i = 1; i < res.length; i++) {
right = (right + 1) % n;
sum += code[right];
sum -= code[left];
left = (left + 1) % n;
res[i] = sum;
}
}
if (k < 0) {
int left = n + k;
int right = n - 1;
int sum = 0;
// initial
for (int i = left; i <= right; i++) {
sum += code[i];
}
res[0] = sum;
for (int i = 1; i < res.length; i++) {
sum -= code[left];
left = (left + 1) % n;
right = (right + 1) % n;
sum += code[right];
res[i] = sum;
}
}
return res;
}
}