[LeetCode] 2415. Reverse Odd Levels of Binary Tree

Given the root of a perfect binary tree, reverse the node values at each odd level of the tree.

For example, suppose the node values at level 3 are [2,1,3,4,7,11,29,18], then it should become [18,29,11,7,4,3,1,2].
Return the root of the reversed tree.

A binary tree is perfect if all parent nodes have two children and all leaves are on the same level.

The level of a node is the number of edges along the path between it and the root node.

Example 1:

Input: root = [2,3,5,8,13,21,34]
Output: [2,5,3,8,13,21,34]
Explanation:
The tree has only one odd level.
The nodes at level 1 are 3, 5 respectively, which are reversed and become 5, 3.

Example 2:

Input: root = [7,13,11]
Output: [7,11,13]
Explanation:
The nodes at level 1 are 13, 11, which are reversed and become 11, 13.

Example 3:
Input: root = [0,1,2,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2]
Output: [0,2,1,0,0,0,0,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,1]
Explanation:
The odd levels have non-zero values.
The nodes at level 1 were 1, 2, and are 2, 1 after the reversal.
The nodes at level 3 were 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, and are 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1 after the reversal.

Constraints:
The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [1, 214].
0 <= Node.val <= 105
root is a perfect binary tree.

反转二叉树的奇数层。

给你一棵 完美 二叉树的根节点 root ，请你反转这棵树中每个 奇数 层的节点值。
例如，假设第 3 层的节点值是 [2,1,3,4,7,11,29,18] ，那么反转后它应该变成 [18,29,11,7,4,3,1,2] 。
反转后，返回树的根节点。
完美 二叉树需满足：二叉树的所有父节点都有两个子节点，且所有叶子节点都在同一层。
节点的 层数 等于该节点到根节点之间的边数。

思路

这里我提供一个 前序遍历/DFS 的思路，我需要一个 helper 函数，因为需要统计当前层的深度。如果遇到奇数层，则需要交换当前层的左右两个节点。这个 helper 函数是从第二层开始的因为第一层只有 root 一个节点。

复杂度

时间O(n)
空间O(n)

代码

Java实现

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public TreeNode reverseOddLevels(TreeNode root) {
        helper(root.left, root.right, 1);
        return root;
    }

    private void helper(TreeNode left, TreeNode right, int depth) {
        if (left == null) {
            return;
        }
        if (depth % 2 == 1) {
            int temp = left.val;
            left.val = right.val;
            right.val = temp;
        }
        helper(left.right, right.left, depth + 1);
        helper(left.left, right.right, depth + 1);
    }
}