[LeetCode] 1365. How Many Numbers Are Smaller Than the Current Number
Given the array nums
, for each nums[i]
find out how many numbers in the array are smaller than it. That is, for each nums[i]
you have to count the number of valid j's
such that j != i
and nums[j] < nums[i]
.
Return the answer in an array.
Example 1:
Input: nums = [8,1,2,2,3] Output: [4,0,1,1,3] Explanation: For nums[0]=8 there exist four smaller numbers than it (1, 2, 2 and 3). For nums[1]=1 does not exist any smaller number than it. For nums[2]=2 there exist one smaller number than it (1). For nums[3]=2 there exist one smaller number than it (1). For nums[4]=3 there exist three smaller numbers than it (1, 2 and 2).
Example 2:
Input: nums = [6,5,4,8] Output: [2,1,0,3]
Example 3:
Input: nums = [7,7,7,7] Output: [0,0,0,0]
Constraints:
2 <= nums.length <= 500
0 <= nums[i] <= 100
有多少小于当前数字的数字。
给你一个数组 nums,对于其中每个元素 nums[i],请你统计数组中比它小的所有数字的数目。
换而言之,对于每个 nums[i] 你必须计算出有效的 j 的数量,其中 j 满足 j != i 且 nums[j] < nums[i] 。
以数组形式返回答案。
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode.cn/problems/how-many-numbers-are-smaller-than-the-current-number
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题目即是题意,对于每一个数字nums[i],请你找出数组中到底有多少个数字小于他。
暴力解很简单,对于每一个数字nums[i],我们再次扫描数组,看看有多少个数字小于他。复杂度是O(n^2)。介于数据量不大,其实暴力解还是可以通过的。
最优解的思路是counting sort/bucket sort。因为数据的限制里面有这么一条,这个条件可以帮助我们确定bucket的数量。
0 <= nums[i] <= 100
所以我们可以创建101个桶子,然后遍历input数组,计算这101个数字每个数字的frequency。之后从0开始,往后累加每个数字的frequency。最后返回结果的时候,看一下对于每个数字nums[i],他在桶子对应坐标下的值是多少。
时间O(n)
空间O(n)
Java实现
1 class Solution { 2 public int[] smallerNumbersThanCurrent(int[] nums) { 3 int[] freq = new int[101]; 4 // count the frequency 5 for (int num : nums) { 6 freq[num]++; 7 } 8 // sum up all the frequencies 9 for (int i = 1; i < freq.length; i++) { 10 freq[i] += freq[i - 1]; 11 } 12 // output 13 int[] res = new int[nums.length]; 14 for (int i = 0; i < res.length; i++) { 15 if (nums[i] > 0) { 16 res[i] = freq[nums[i] - 1]; 17 } 18 } 19 return res; 20 } 21 }
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