批处理实现从Excel导入Oracle
之前做过一个从Oracle导出到Excel的批处理,简单点说就是通过Sqlplus将表数据Spool到一个文本文件中或简化的Excel格式文档中,而这里我要做的事恰好相反,工具则是使用sqlldr, sqlldr的用法没有研究太多,这里主要用写写如何使用批处理来调用实现导入的自动化过程。
主要工作涉及到以下几块:
1. 将Excel转换成csv格式的文件,这里要借助工具xls2csv.exe实现excel到csv的转换;
xls2csv的用法: xls2csv excelfile.xls gbk
以上命令执行后,程序会将excel文件中的每一张sheet都生成一个csv文件,并以excel文件的名字_sheet名字.csv命名
2. 使用Sqlldr将数据导入Oracle,
Sqlldr的用法:sqlldr user/pass@tnsname control=example.ctl data=data.csv
以上命令执行后,sqlldr会将data.txt数据文件中数据按照control指定的规则插入到数据库中,具体的插入规则和表名都在control文件中指定。
Control文件写法:
load data
infile 'data.csv'
append
into table t_tab_data
fields terminated by ';' optionally enclosed by '"'
(
filed1,
filed2,
filed3
)以上语法文件中指定了从文件data.csv中导数据,导入到表t_tab_data中,
fields terminated by ';' optionally enclosed by '"' 表示数据文件中字段以;分隔,各字段中的"忽略掉,这些规则也可以写到各字段后,分别对各字段进行约束。
另外,Control文件中的infile ‘data.csv’也可以写成infile ‘*', 这样data.csv中的数据可以直接放到control文件的最后,sqlldr会在读完control文件的规则部分后,再去读取数据部分导入数据库。
3. 将上面要做的工作写成批处理
@Echo Off
Color 0A
Title Network Config Assistant By Eric
Pushd %CD%
Prompt $G
MODE CON COLS=100 LINES=30
SETLOCAL ENABLEEXTENSIONS
SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
Set OraUserPass=icd/icd@EricEcho 1. Start importing table list to database...
Echo ========================================================Set /P xlsfilename=table List in Excel format(tables.xls as default):
IF /I "%xlsfilename%"=="" Set xlsfilename=tables.xlsEcho Generating csv file for table list from excel...
start /min /wait xls2csv.exe %xlsfilename% gbkFOR /F %%i in ('DIR /B *.CSV /O:-D') DO (
SET FILENAME=%%i
GOTO :EXITFOR
):EXITFOR
Echo Generate csv file "%FILENAME%" successfully.Echo/
Set tmptableTab=t_test_table
REM ==================Check table for table Configed in IEX=================
Echo Start checking table !tmptableTab!...
Echo select * from !tmptableTab! where 1^<^>1;>%temp%/tmpCheckTab.sql
Echo exit;>>%temp%/tmpCheckTab.sql
Sqlplus %OraUserPass% @"%temp%/tmpCheckTab.sql" | find /I "ERROR">NUL && IF errorlevel 0 (
Echo Table !tmptableTab! is not exist.
CALL :CreatetableTable
Goto :tableClear
)REM ==================Truncate table t_test_table================
Echo Table !tmptableTab! is already exist.
Echo/Echo Truncating table !tmptableTab!...
Echo Truncate table !tmptableTab!;>%temp%/tmpTruncate.sql
Echo Exit>>%temp%/tmpTruncate.sql
Sqlplus %OraUserPass% @"%temp%/tmpTruncate.sql" 1>NUL
Echo Truncate table !tmptableTab! finished.:tableClear
Echo/
REM ==================Import data from list to db=================
REM ----Generate control file----
Set tmptableCtrlFile="%CD%/table.ctl"REM Echo load data>%tmptableCtrlFile%
REM Echo infile '%FILENAME%'>>!tmptableCtrlFile!
REM Echo append>>!tmptableCtrlFile!
REM Echo into table icd.t_test_table>>!tmptableCtrlFile!
REM Echo fields terminated by ';' optionally enclosed by '^"'>>!tmptableCtrlFile!
REM Echo (>>!tmptableCtrlFile!
REM Echo tableid,>>!tmptableCtrlFile!
REM Echo tablename,>>!tmptableCtrlFile!
REM Echo tableskill>>!tmptableCtrlFile!
REM Echo ^)>>!tmptableCtrlFile!Echo Importing data to table !tmptableTab!...
sqlldr %OraUserPass% control=table.ctl 1>NUL
Echo Importing data to table !tmptableTab! finished.Echo/
REM ============Create table t_test_table================
:CreatetableTable
IF /I "%0"==":CreatetableTable" (
Echo Start creating table !tmptableTab!...
Echo Create table t_test_table ^(>%temp%/tmptableTab.sql
Echo tableid number(5^),>>%temp%/tmptableTab.sql
Echo tablename varchar2(50^),>>%temp%/tmptableTab.sql
Echo tableskill varchar2(2000^)>>%temp%/tmptableTab.sql
Echo ^);>>%temp%/tmptableTab.sql
Echo Exit>>%temp%/tmptableTab.sqlSqlplus %OraUserPass% @"%temp%/tmptableTab.sql" 1>NUL
Echo Create table !tmptableTab! successfully.
Echo/
Goto :EOF
)Echo 2. Export data report of discrepancy...
Echo ========================================================
Echo Exporting report from database, please wait...
Start /WAIT ExportBySql.bat %OraUserPass% report.xls
Echo Export report from database finished.
Echo/
Echo/:EXIT
Pause