2019-06-15 Java学习日记之mysql多表查询

SQL 会创建多表及多表的关系:

需求:分类表和商品表之间是不是有关系? 如果有关系,在数据库中如何表示这种关系

create table category(
  cid int primary key auto_increment,
  cname varchar(10),
  cdesc varchar(31)
);

insert into category values(null,'手机数码','电子产品,黑马生产');
insert into category values(null,'鞋靴箱包','江南皮鞋厂倾情打造');
insert into category values(null,'香烟酒水','黄鹤楼,茅台,二锅头');
insert into category values(null,'酸奶饼干','娃哈哈,蒙牛酸酸乳');
insert into category values(null,'馋嘴零食','瓜子花生,八宝粥,辣条');

select * from category;
select cname,cdesc from category;

所有商品:

1.商品ID

2.商品名称

3.商品的价格

4.生产日期

5.商品分类ID

商品和商品分类 : 所属关系

create table product(
    pid int primary key auto_increment,
      pname varchar(10),
      price double,
      pdate timestamp,
      cno int
);
insert into product values(null,'小米mix4',998,null,1);
insert into product values(null,'锤子',2888,null,1);
insert into product values(null,'阿迪王',99,null,2);
insert into product values(null,'老村长',88,null,3);
insert into product values(null,'劲酒',35,null,3);
insert into product values(null,'小熊饼干',1,null,4);
insert into product values(null,'卫龙辣条',1,null,5);
insert into product values(null,'旺旺大饼',1,null,5);
//插入数据会失败

insert into product values(null,'充气的',1,null,12);

多表之间的建表原则:

一对多:商品和分类

  建表原则:在多的一方添加一个外键,指向一的一方的主键

多对多:老师和学生,学生和课程

  建表原则:建立一张中间表,将多对多的关系,拆分成一对多的管理,中间表至少要有两个外键。分别指向原来的那两张表

一对一:班级和班长,公民和身份证,国家和国旗

  建表原则:

    将一对一的情况,当作是一对多情况处理,在任意一张表添加一个外键,并且这个外键要唯一,指向另外一张表

    直接将两张表合并成一张表

    将两张表的主键建立起连接,让两张表里面的主键相等

网上商城表实例的分析: 用户购物流程:

用户表 (用户的ID,用户名,密码,手机)

create table user(
      uid int primary key auto_increment,
        username varchar(31),
        password varchar(31),
        phone  varchar(11)
  );

  insert into user values(1,'zhangsan','123','13811118888');

 订单表 (订单编号,总价,订单时间 ,地址,外键用户的ID)

create table orders(
        oid int primary key auto_increment,
          sum int not null,
        otime timestamp,
          address varchar(100),
          uno int,
          foreign key(uno) references user(uid)
    );
    insert into orders values(1,200,null,'黑马前台旁边小黑屋',1);
    insert into orders values(2,250,null,'黑马后台旁边1702',1);

 

 商品表 (商品ID, 商品名称,商品价格,外键cno)

    create table product(
        pid int primary key auto_increment,
          pname varchar(10),
          price double,
          cno int,
          foreign key(cno) references category(cid)
    );

    insert into product values(null,'小米mix4',998,1);
    insert into product values(null,'锤子',2888,1);
    insert into product values(null,'阿迪王',99,2);
    insert into product values(null,'老村长',88,3);
    insert into product values(null,'劲酒',35,3);
    insert into product values(null,'小熊饼干',1,4);
    insert into product values(null,'卫龙辣条',1,5);
    insert into product values(null,'旺旺大饼',1,5);

 

 订单项: 中间表(订单ID,商品ID,商品数量,订单项总价)

create table orderitem(
      ono int,
        pno int,
        foreign key(ono) references orders(oid),
        foreign key(pno) references product(pid),
        ocount int,
        subsum double
  );

 

 给1号订单添加商品 200块钱的商品

 insert into orderitem values(1,7,100,100);
  insert into orderitem values(1,8,101,100);

 

 给2号订单添加商品 250块钱的商品 ()

insert into orderitem values(2,5,1,35);
  insert into orderitem values(2,3,3,99);

 

 商品分类表(分类ID,分类名称,分类描述)

create table category(
        cid int primary key auto_increment,
          cname varchar(15),
          cdesc varchar(100)
    );

    insert into category values(null,'手机数码','电子产品,黑马生产');
    insert into category values(null,'鞋靴箱包','江南皮鞋厂倾情打造');
    insert into category values(null,'香烟酒水','黄鹤楼,茅台,二锅头');
    insert into category values(null,'酸奶饼干','娃哈哈,蒙牛酸酸乳');
    insert into category values(null,'馋嘴零食','瓜子花生,八宝粥,辣条');

 

posted @ 2019-06-17 21:25  懒得起名字ya  阅读(273)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报