python使用笔记22--mock接口开发
1.mock接口开发
mock是模拟一个接口的意思
为了不阻止测试，开发一个接口，返回你想要的数据，模拟各种场景
需要安装第三方模块flask，flask是web轻量级开发框架
1.1 flask
pip install flask
1 #mock 模拟一个接口的意思 2 #http://test.pay.alibab.com/payment 3 #1、为了不阻碍测试，开发了一个接口，返回你想要的数据，模拟各种场景 4 5 import flask 6 import json 7 import pymysql 8 import hashlib 9 import redis 10 import time 11 #flask web轻量级开发框架 12 server = flask.Flask(__name__) 13 14 15 mysql_info = {'host':'127.0.0.1', 16 'port':3306, 17 'user':'root', 18 'password':'123456', 19 'autocommit':True, 20 'db':'db001', 21 'charset':'utf8'} 22 23 24 #md5加密之后，是固定的，这样的安全性不够高 25 #可以加盐，salt='xiaoxiaolin_rew43!@'，设置一串复杂的字符串，加强安全性 26 def md5(s,salt='xiaoxiaolin_rew43!@'):#md5加密 27 s = str(s+salt) 28 m = hashlib.md5(s.encode()) 29 return m.hexdigest() 30 31 def op_redis(key,value=None,expire=60*60*2): 32 r = redis.Redis(host="127.0.0.1", port=6379, password="123456&*", decode_responses=True) 33 if value:#如果传入值不为空，则保存值 34 r.set(key,value,expire) 35 else:#value值为空，则获取值 36 return r.get(key) 37 38 39 40 def select(sql,oneTag=False): 41 connect = pymysql.connect(**mysql_info)#**表示将字典转成host='xxx',port=3306 42 cur = connect.cursor(pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)#获取游标,获取表头 43 cur.execute(sql) 44 if oneTag: 45 result = cur.fetchone() 46 else: 47 result = cur.fetchall()#获取查询结果 48 print(result) 49 cur.close() 50 connect.close() 51 return result 52 53 54 @server.route('/api/payment',methods=['get'])#methods:用来指定请求方式，get/post 55 def payment(): 56 data = {"code":0,"msg":"支付成功","amount":30000} 57 return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False) 58 59 @server.route('/api/account_data',methods=['get']) 60 def account_data(): 61 account_name = flask.request.values.get('account_name')#获取请求参数，key-value形式的 62 #flask.request.json.get()#获取json格式的参数 63 print(account_name) 64 result = select("select * from account_info where uname = '%s';" %account_name) 65 print(result) 66 data = {'code':0,'msg':'success','data':result} 67 return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False) 68 69 @server.route('/api/account_register',methods=['post']) 70 def register():#注册 71 uname = flask.request.values.get('uname') 72 password = flask.request.values.get('password') 73 cpwd = flask.request.values.get('cpwd') 74 select_sql = "select * from account_info where uname = '%s';" % uname 75 if uname and password and cpwd:#输入参数均不为空 76 if password != cpwd: 77 data = {'code': 401, 'msg': '两次输入密码不一致'} 78 elif select(select_sql):#如果查询结果不为空，则不能注册 79 data = {'code': 402, 'msg': '输入的账号已存在'} 80 else: 81 md5_pwd = md5(password) 82 insert_sql = "insert into account_info(uname,password) values('%s','%s');"%(uname,md5_pwd) 83 select(insert_sql) 84 data = {'code': 200, 'msg': '注册成功'} 85 86 else: 87 data = {'code':400,'msg':'输入参数不能为空'} 88 89 return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False) 90 91 #登录成功后要返回token，token=username+timestamp md5加密 92 @server.route('/api/login',methods=['post']) 93 def login(): 94 uname = flask.request.values.get('uname') 95 password = flask.request.values.get('password') 96 if uname and password: 97 select_sql = "select * from account_info where uname = '%s';" % uname 98 result = select(select_sql,True) 99 print(md5(password)) 100 if result: 101 if md5(password) == result.get('password'): 102 token = md5(uname+str(time.time()))#token:uname+timestamp md5加密，保存到redis中，设置有效时间 103 info = {'username':uname,'id':result.get('id')} 104 op_redis(token,json.dumps(info)) 105 data = {'code': 200, 'msg': '登录成功','token':token} 106 else: 107 data = {'code': 401, 'msg': '用户不存在'} 108 else: 109 data = {'code': 403, 'msg': '输入密码错误'} 110 else: 111 data = {'code': 402, 'msg': '账号/密码不能为空'} 112 113 return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False) 114 115 @server.route('/api/payment_v1',methods=['post']) 116 def payment_v1(): 117 token = flask.request.values.get('token') 118 amount = flask.request.values.get('amount') 119 if token:#如果token不为空，则去redis中查询用户信息 120 result = op_redis(token) 121 if result: 122 amount = float(amount) 123 result = json.loads(result) 124 userid = result.get('id') 125 update_sql = 'update account_info set balance = balance-%s where id =%s ; '%(amount,userid) 126 print(update_sql) 127 select(update_sql) 128 data = {'code': 0, 'msg': '支付成功'} 129 else: 130 data = {'code': 400, 'msg': '用户未登录'} 131 else: 132 data = {'code':400,'msg':'用户未登录'} 133 134 return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False) 135 136 137 138 server.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=9999,debug=True)#服务启动只启动一次，服务启动后，不会再执行下面的代码，debug：改代码后不需要重启服务 139 #host='0.0.0.0',这个不写只能在本机访问，如果写上，别人也可以调用你的接口
1.2 fastapi
pip install fastapi
pip install uvicorn
1 import fastapi 2 import uvicorn 3 from pydantic import BaseModel 4 5 6 7 server = fastapi.FastAPI()#实例化一个接口 8 class User(BaseModel): 9 username:str 10 password:str 11 phone:str 12 13 14 @server.post('/user') 15 def user(u:User):#入参是json类型的，要先定义一个类，继承BaseModel 16 print(User) 17 return {'code':0} 18 19 @server.get('/index') 20 def index(id:int,sex:str): 21 if sex=='nan': 22 data = {'id':id,'sex':'男'} 23 else: 24 data = {'id': id, 'sex': '女'} 25 26 27 @server.post('/order')#@:装饰器 28 def order(type:str): 29 if type == 'success': 30 data = {'id':1,'order_amount':10000} 31 else: 32 data = {'id':0,'order_amount':0} 33 34 @server.post('/login') 35 def login(username:str,password:str): 36 if username and password: 37 data = {'code':0,'msg':'登录成功'} 38 else: 39 data = {'code': 0, 'msg': '登录失败'} 40 41 42 43 if __name__ == '__main__': 44 uvicorn.run('fastapi接口开发:server',port=9000,debug=True)#第一个参数是python文件名
2.加密
对称加密：加密和解密用的同样的秘钥
不对称加密：加密和解密用的不同的秘钥
md5加密：md5加密是不可逆转的
1 #md5加密是不可逆转的 2 import hashlib 3 s = '123456' 4 m = hashlib.md5(s.encode())#md5 传入的值是bytes 5 #不管字符串多长，加密后都是32位的值 6 #m = hashlib.sha224(s.encode()) 7 8 result = m.hexdigest()#加密 9 print(result)
3.token产生和校验
在登录成功后，都会返回一个token
token是一个唯一的，随机的，且有时效性的值
下面生成token的规则一般是：用户名+timestamp 再md5加密
token保存在redis中，以便于后面接口校验token
3.1.登录接口--生成token
1 #登录成功后要返回token，token=username+timestamp md5加密 2 @server.route('/api/login',methods=['post']) 3 def login(): 4 uname = flask.request.values.get('uname') 5 password = flask.request.values.get('password') 6 if uname and password: 7 select_sql = "select * from account_info where uname = '%s';" % uname 8 result = select(select_sql,True) 9 print(md5(password)) 10 if result: 11 if md5(password) == result.get('password'): 12 token = md5(uname+str(time.time()))#token:uname+timestamp md5加密，保存到redis中，设置有效时间 13 info = {'username':uname,'id':result.get('id')} 14 op_redis(token,json.dumps(info)) 15 data = {'code': 200, 'msg': '登录成功','token':token} 16 else: 17 data = {'code': 401, 'msg': '用户不存在'} 18 else: 19 data = {'code': 403, 'msg': '输入密码错误'} 20 else: 21 data = {'code': 402, 'msg': '账号/密码不能为空'} 22 23 return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False)
3.2.支付接口--校验token
1 @server.route('/api/payment_v1',methods=['post']) 2 def payment_v1(): 3 token = flask.request.values.get('token') 4 amount = flask.request.values.get('amount') 5 if token:#如果token不为空，则去redis中查询用户信息 6 result = op_redis(token) 7 if result: 8 amount = float(amount) 9 result = json.loads(result) 10 userid = result.get('id') 11 update_sql = 'update account_info set balance = balance-%s where id =%s ; '%(amount,userid) 12 print(update_sql) 13 select(update_sql) 14 data = {'code': 0, 'msg': '支付成功'} 15 else: 16 data = {'code': 400, 'msg': '用户未登录'} 17 else: 18 data = {'code':400,'msg':'用户未登录'} 19 20 return json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=False)
