【HNOI2015】亚瑟王
题面
题解
考虑进行\(dp\)。
设\(f[i][j]\)表示前\(i\)张卡中有\(j\)张被触发的概率。
我们可以知道第\(i\)张卡不被触发的概率为\((1 - p_i) ^ {r - j}\),因为一共会考虑\(r - j\)次,每次都没有触发。
所以被触发的概率为\(1 - (1 - p_i) ^ {r - j + 1}\)。
于是\(f[i][j] = f[i - 1][j] \times (1 - p_i) ^ {r - j} + f[i - 1][j - 1] \times (1 - (1 - p_i) ^ {r - j + 1})\)。
同样,设\(g[i][j]\)表示期望,类似地进行转移即可。
代码
#include<cstdio>
#include<cctype>
#define RG register
inline int read()
{
int data = 0, w = 1; char ch = getchar();
while(ch != '-' && (!isdigit(ch))) ch = getchar();
if(ch == '-') w = -1, ch = getchar();
while(isdigit(ch)) data = data * 10 + (ch ^ 48), ch = getchar();
return data * w;
}
const int maxn(230), maxm(150);
double f[maxn][maxm], g[maxn][maxm], p[maxn], Pow[maxn][maxm];
int n, r, d[maxn], T;
int main()
{
T = read(); f[0][0] = 1;
while(T--)
{
n = read(), r = read();
for(RG int i = 1; i <= n; i++) scanf("%lf%d", p + i, d + i);
for(RG int i = 1; i <= n; i++) Pow[i][0] = 1, f[i][0] = g[i][0] = 0;
for(RG int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
for(RG int j = 1; j <= r; j++)
f[i][j] = g[i][j] = 0, Pow[i][j] = Pow[i][j - 1] * (1 - p[i]);
for(RG int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
for(RG int j = 0; j <= r && j <= i; j++)
{
f[i][j] += f[i - 1][j] * Pow[i][r - j];
g[i][j] += g[i - 1][j] * Pow[i][r - j];
if(j) f[i][j] += f[i - 1][j - 1] * (1 - Pow[i][r - j + 1]),
g[i][j] += (g[i - 1][j - 1] + d[i] * f[i - 1][j - 1]) *
(1 - Pow[i][r - j + 1]);
}
double ans = 0;
for(RG int i = 0; i <= r; i++) ans += g[n][i];
printf("%.10lf\n", ans);
}
return 0;
}