DirectUI的优点及其自定义控件的开发

　　DirectUI是一款占用资源小、绘图性能高、依赖性小的纯Win32 SDK开发的Windows下普遍适用的可视化界面库。与标准控件换肤类界面库不同的是，DirectUI本身具备了标准控件换肤的功能，但其更强调用户自定义界面的开发，提供可扩展的多种布局控件、几十套可扩展的功能强大的界面控件。它可以构建任何一种类型的2D界面框架。DirectUI吸取了游戏绘图引擎的精髓，并在其基础上创造了脏区域局部更新机制，多核CPU多线程渲染，充分提高了界面库的运行效率，与常见的游戏引擎相比，占用极低的CPU时间。目前支持GDI、DirectX、OpenGL等绘图引擎。

　　其身影无处不在，MSN、QQ、迅雷、360、网游等等应用案例均是。其具有以下优点：

　　1、高速绘图引擎，具有较好的性能、极小的内存开销，而且无句柄、无“消息”（事件）

　　2、无第三方的最小依赖，界面与逻辑彻底分离，且逻辑支持javascript/lua

　　4、主流界面换肤方式,且皮肤方案可以放在压缩包中

　　5、不同分辨率、窗口大小下的自适布局（控件）的支持

　　注1：传统win32/mfc并没有好的布局工具及相应的属性，创建控件实例时必须一旦其位置、大小（CreateWindow/CreateWindowEx），而一旦窗口大小，分辨率改变之后，无法自适，得自己处理。

　　注2：DirecitUI采用XML描述布局，较传统win32/mfc代码方式更为现代化和便利，用“贴图”点缀应用也因此更加容易。

　　注3：用过.net/java,会感觉到DirectUI有事件的味道，而c++的消息似乎被包起来了。

　　DirectUI源于微软的MSN应用，因优秀而很快风靡起来，其商业项目非常成熟但不免费，而开源版的也有不补的，需要根据自身需求进行完善和补充。网上搜索了一下如何其为创建自定义控件，但没有找到，好在自己解决了，方法如下：

　　UICommonControls.cpp(.h)中包含了八个公共控件类：　　

class UILIB_API CLabelUI
class UILIB_API CButtonUI
class UILIB_API COptionUI
class UILIB_API CTextUI
class UILIB_API CProgressUI
class UILIB_API CSliderUI
class UILIB_API CEditUI
class UILIB_API CScrollBarUI
class UILIB_API CCustomerUI

　　第一步，照着任何一个类创建一个类似的控件类即可，类名不可重复,上面名为CCustomerUI的控件类是我们创建的，直接继承于DirectUI控件的基类CControlUI
。

　　第二步，打开UIDlgBuilder.cpp，关注下面代码“case 8”中的代码：

CControlUI* CDialogBuilder::_Parse(CMarkupNode* pRoot, CControlUI* pParent, CPaintManagerUI* pManager)
{
    CDialogLayoutUI* pDialogLayout = NULL;
    IContainerUI* pContainer = NULL;
    CControlUI* pReturn = NULL;
    for( CMarkupNode node = pRoot->GetChild() ; node.IsValid(); node = node.GetSibling() ) {
        LPCTSTR pstrClass = node.GetName();
        if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Image")) == 0 || _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Font")) == 0 \
            || _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Default")) == 0 ) continue;
 
        CControlUI* pControl = NULL;
 
        if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Include")) == 0 ) {
            if( !node.HasAttributes() ) continue;
            int count = 1;
            LPTSTR pstr = NULL;
            TCHAR szValue[500] = { 0 };
            SIZE_T cchLen = lengthof(szValue) - 1;
            if ( node.GetAttributeValue(_T("count"), szValue, cchLen) )
                count = _tcstol(szValue, &pstr, 10);
            cchLen = lengthof(szValue) - 1;
            if ( !node.GetAttributeValue(_T("source"), szValue, cchLen) ) continue;
            for ( int i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {
                CDialogBuilder builder;
                if( m_pstrtype != NULL ) { // 使用资源dll，从资源中读取
                    WORD id = (WORD)_tcstol(szValue, &pstr, 10); 
                    pControl = builder.Create((UINT)id, m_pstrtype, m_pCallback, pManager, pParent);
                }
                else {
                    pControl = builder.Create((LPCTSTR)szValue, (UINT)0, m_pCallback, pManager, pParent);
                }
            }
            continue;
        }
        else {
            SIZE_T cchLen = _tcslen(pstrClass);
            switch( cchLen ) {
            case 4:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Edit")) == 0 )                   pControl = new CEditUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("List")) == 0 )              pControl = new CListUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Text")) == 0 )              pControl = new CTextUI;
                break;
            case 5:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Combo")) == 0 )                  pControl = new CComboUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Label")) == 0 )             pControl = new CLabelUI;
                break;
            case 6:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Button")) == 0 )                 pControl = new CButtonUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Option")) == 0 )            pControl = new COptionUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Slider")) == 0 )            pControl = new CSliderUI;
                break;
            case 7:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Control")) == 0 )                pControl = new CControlUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ActiveX")) == 0 )           pControl = new CActiveXUI;
                break;
            case 8:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Progress")) == 0 )               pControl = new CProgressUI;
                else if(  _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("RichEdit")) == 0 )         pControl = new CRichEditUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Customer")) == 0 ) pControl = new CCustomerUI;
                break;
            case 9:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("Container")) == 0 )              pControl = new CContainerUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("TabLayout")) == 0 )         pControl = new CTabLayoutUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ScrollBar")) == 0 )         pControl = new CScrollBarUI; 
                break;
            case 10:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ListHeader")) == 0 )             pControl = new CListHeaderUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("TileLayout")) == 0 )        pControl = new CTileLayoutUI;
                break;
            case 12:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("DialogLayout")) == 0 )           pControl = new CDialogLayoutUI;
                break;
            case 14:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("VerticalLayout")) == 0 )         pControl = new CVerticalLayoutUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ListHeaderItem")) == 0 )    pControl = new CListHeaderItemUI;
                break;
            case 15:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ListTextElement")) == 0 )        pControl = new CListTextElementUI;
                break;
            case 16:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("HorizontalLayout")) == 0 )       pControl = new CHorizontalLayoutUI;
                else if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ListLabelElement")) == 0 )  pControl = new CListLabelElementUI;
                break;
            case 20:
                if( _tcscmp(pstrClass, _T("ListContainerElement")) == 0 )   pControl = new CListContainerElementUI;
                break;
            }
            // User-supplied control factory
            if( pControl == NULL && m_pCallback != NULL ) {
                pControl = m_pCallback->CreateControl(pstrClass);
            }
        }
 
        ASSERT(pControl);
        if( pControl == NULL ) continue;
 
        // Add children
        if( node.HasChildren() ) {
            _Parse(&node, pControl, pManager);
        }
        // Attach to parent
        // 因为某些属性和父窗口相关，比如selected，必须先Add到父窗口
        if( pParent != NULL ) {
            if( pContainer == NULL ) pContainer = static_cast<IContainerUI*>(pParent->GetInterface(_T("IContainer")));
            ASSERT(pContainer);
            if( pContainer == NULL ) return NULL;
            if( !pContainer->Add(pControl) ) {
                delete pControl;
                continue;
            }
        }
        // Init default attributes
        if( pManager ) {
            pControl->SetManager(pManager, NULL, false);
            LPCTSTR pDefaultAttributes = pManager->GetDefaultAttributeList(pstrClass);
            if( pDefaultAttributes ) {
                pControl->ApplyAttributeList(pDefaultAttributes);
            }
        }
        // Process attributes
        if( node.HasAttributes() ) {
            TCHAR szValue[500] = { 0 };
            SIZE_T cchLen = lengthof(szValue) - 1;
            // Set ordinary attributes
            int nAttributes = node.GetAttributeCount();
            for( int i = 0; i < nAttributes; i++ ) {
                pControl->SetAttribute(node.GetAttributeName(i), node.GetAttributeValue(i));
            }
 
            // Very custom attributes
            if ( node.GetAttributeValue(_T("stretch"), szValue, cchLen) ) {
                if( pParent == NULL ) continue;
 
                if( pDialogLayout == NULL ) pDialogLayout = static_cast<CDialogLayoutUI*>(pParent->GetInterface(_T("DialogLayout")));
                ASSERT(pDialogLayout);
                if( pDialogLayout == NULL ) continue;
 
                UINT uMode = 0;
                if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("move_x")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_MOVE_X;
                if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("move_y")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_MOVE_Y;
                if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("move_xy")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_MOVE_X | UISTRETCH_MOVE_Y;
                if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("size_x")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_SIZE_X;
                if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("size_y")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_SIZE_Y;
                if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("size_xy")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_SIZE_X | UISTRETCH_SIZE_Y;
                if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("group")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_NEWGROUP;
                if( _tcsstr(szValue, _T("line")) != NULL ) uMode |= UISTRETCH_NEWLINE;
                pDialogLayout->SetStretchMode(pControl, uMode);
            }
        }
        if( pManager ) {
            pControl->SetManager(NULL, NULL, false);
        }
        // Return first item
        if( pReturn == NULL ) pReturn = pControl;
    }
    return pReturn;
}