linux环境中安装ftp服务
需求说明:
今天项目中有一个新的需求,需要在linux环境中搭建一个ftp服务,在此记录下.
操作过程:
1.通过yum的方式安装ftp服务对应的软件包
[root@testvm01 ~]# yum install vsftpd Loaded plugins: product-id, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. Setting up Install Process rhel-source | 4.1 kB 00:00 ... Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-12.el6_5.1 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =============================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: vsftpd x86_64 2.2.2-12.el6_5.1 rhel-source 151 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package(s) Total download size: 151 k Installed size: 331 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : vsftpd-2.2.2-12.el6_5.1.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : vsftpd-2.2.2-12.el6_5.1.x86_64 1/1 Installed: vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-12.el6_5.1 Complete!
备注:ftp对应的rpm包是:vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-12.el6_5.1
2.启动ftp服务
[root@testvm01 ~]# ls /etc/init.d/vsftpd /etc/init.d/vsftpd [root@testvm01 ~]# service vsftpd start Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [ OK ] [root@testvm01 ~]# ps -ef | grep vsftpd root 1833 1 0 15:39 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf root 1836 1783 0 15:39 pts/0 00:00:00 grep vsftpd
备注:通过以上的信息知道ftp对应的后台命令是vsftpd,对应的配置文件vsftpd.conf
3.设置ftp服务为开机自动启动
[root@testvm01 ~]# chkconfig --level 2345 vsftpd on [root@testvm01 ~]# chkconfig --list | grep vsftp vsftpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
4.查看ftp服务监听的端口
[root@testvm01 ~]# netstat -ntlp | grep vsftpd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1833/vsftpd
备注:ftp服务,默认监听的端口是21端口.
5.创建ftp用户,用于ftp登录
[root@testvm01 ~]# useradd ftpuser01 [root@testvm01 ~]# echo 'ftpuser01' | passwd --stdin ftpuser01 Changing password for user ftpuser01. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@testvm01 ~]# chage -M 99999 ftpuser01
6.在本地通过浏览器连接到ftp服务
备注:能够访问,但是并没有提示输入用户名和密码的信息.
7.限定只有某些用户能够访问ftp服务器
修改配置文件vsftpd.conf,增加以下内容
userlist_deny=NO
意思是说,只有在user_list文件中的用户可以登录.
将ftp用户加入到user_list这个文件中
[root@testvm01 vsftpd]# cat user_list # vsftpd userlist # If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file # If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and # do not even prompt for a password. # Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers # for users that are denied. ftpuser01
8.重新通过浏览器进行访问
备注:此时,提示输入用户名和密码验证.
9.输入正确的用户名和密码之后,出现以下的错误
经过检查,系统打开了selinux,将其关闭.
10.查看selinux的状态
[root@testvm01 ~]# sestatus -b | grep ftp allow_ftpd_anon_write off allow_ftpd_full_access off allow_ftpd_use_cifs off allow_ftpd_use_nfs off ftp_home_dir off ftpd_connect_db off ftpd_use_fusefs off ftpd_use_passive_mode off httpd_enable_ftp_server off tftp_anon_write off tftp_use_cifs off tftp_use_nfs off
备注:也可以将selinux关闭掉.
11.将ftp_home_dir设置为on
[root@testvm01 ~]# setsebool -P ftp_home_dir on [root@testvm01 ~]# sestatus -b | grep ftp_home_dir ftp_home_dir on
12.重新进行ftp登录
备注:可以登录成功.至此ftp登录完成.
文档创建时间:2018年10月8日16:13:00
