Mycat实战之数据迁移(oracle -- mysql)
1、案例场景：
Mycat 后面接一个 Oracle 实例与一个 MySQL 实例，假设用户表，订单表，转账记录表，
Oracle 字符集为 GBK 的，MySQL 字符集则要求 UTF8的
完成用户表与订单表到 MySQL 的迁移过程，要求导数据是通过命令行连接 Mycat来完成的
同时操作如下过程：
1. 在Mycat 里查询转账记录表，查询 OK
2. 在Mycat 里查询用户表，查询 OK
2、环境准备
oracle 11gr2 10.10.0.23 1521
mysql 5.6 192.168.2.130 3306
--oracle 与 mysql 具体搭建，之前都有
现有环境，直接测试功能,mysql 环境都是 ok.配置 oracle相关环境
2.1 oracle环境配置
#创建 tablespace
SQL> create tablespace mycat DATAFILE '/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/mycat.dbf'
SIZE 200m autoextend off;
Tablespace created.
#创建用户以及授权
SQL> create user mycat identified by mycat default tablespace mycat;
User created.
SQL> grant resource,connect to mycat;
Grant succeeded.
#验证数据库字符集
SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;
USERENV('LANGUAGE')
----------------------------------------------------
AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
2.2 mysql 环境配置
mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /u01/my3306/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.02 sec)
3 mycat 逻辑库配置，增加 oracle 以及 mysql 相关信息
3.1 schema.xml 增加 oracle 信息
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://org.opencloudb/">
<schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100">
<table name="O_USER" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="ora_dn1" needAddLimit="false"/>
<table name="O_ORDER" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="ora_dn1" needAddLimit="false"/>
<table name="O_TRADERS" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="ora_dn1" needAddLimit="false"/>
<table name="M_USER" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3" rule="auto-sharding-long" />
<table name="M_ORDER" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3" rule="auto-sharding-long" />
<table name="M_TRADERS" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3" rule="auto-sharding-long" />
</schema>
<!--######### oracle 单节点 ########-->
<dataNode name="ora_dn1" dataHost="10.10.0.23" database="orcl" />
<!--######### mysql 三个分片 ########-->
<dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="mysqlserver" database="db1" />
<dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="mysqlserver" database="db2" />
<dataNode name="dn3" dataHost="mysqlserver" database="db3" />
<!--######### TESTDB ########-->
<dataHost name="oracleDB" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
writeType="0" dbType="oracle" dbDriver="jdbc" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100">
<heartbeat>select 1 from dual</heartbeat>
<connectionInitSql>alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'</connectionInitSql>
<writeHost host="hostO1" url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.10.0.23:1521:orcl" user="mycat" password="mycat >
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
<dataHost name="mysqlserver" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100">
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
<writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.2.130:3306" user="root" password="root123">
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
</mycat:schema>
3.2 启动 mycat
#加载oracle的lib包
#下载 ojdbc14.jar
#拷贝到/usr/local/mycat/lib
#schema.xml 中 oralce 的 dbDriver 改成 jdbc
#启动 mycat 以及查看日志
/usr/local/mycat/bin/mycat start
cd /usr/local/mycat/logs
3.3 验证mycat逻辑库中是否存在oracle和mysql的表信息
[mysql@mycat ~]$ mysql -utest -ptest -h192.168.2.136 -P8066
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.8-mycat-1.5.1-RELEASE-20161130213509 MyCat Server (OpenCloundDB)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| DATABASE |
+----------+
| TESTDB |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use TESTDB;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables like 'o_%';
+------------------+
| Tables in TESTDB |
+------------------+
| o_order |
| o_traders |
| o_user |
+------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show tables like 'm_%';
+------------------+
| Tables in TESTDB |
+------------------+
| m_order |
| m_traders |
| m_user |
+------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
4.mycat端创建oracle以及 mysql表并插入数据
4.1 mycat 端创建 oracle 表
mysql> CREATE TABLE O_USER(ID number, UC_NAME VARCHAR(64),CREATE_TIME DATE);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.98 sec)
OK!
mysql> CREATE TABLE O_ORDER(ID number,UC_ID number,SHOP_NAME VARCHAR(64),CREATE_TIME DATE);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
OK!
mysql> CREATE TABLE O_TRADERS(ID number,UC_ID number,ORDER_ID number, FEE number,TRADE_STATUS char(1),CREATE_TIME DATE);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
OK!
#oracle 实例端验证表创建
[oracle@localhost lib]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Dec 19 18:25:37 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> conn mycat/mycat
Connected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select table_name from user_tables;
TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
O_USER
O_ORDER
O_TRADERS
4.2 mycat端插入数据到 oracle 表
#O_USER
INSERT INTO O_USER(ID,UC_NAME,CREATE_TIME)VALUES(1,'fish',SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO O_USER(ID,UC_NAME,CREATE_TIME)VALUES(2,'chinesern',SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO O_USER(ID,UC_NAME,CREATE_TIME)VALUES(3,'hao',SYSDATE);
#O_ORDER
INSERT INTO O_ORDER(ID,UC_ID,SHOP_NAME,CREATE_TIME)VALUES(1,1,'mycat 技术权威指南书籍',SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO O_ORDER(ID,UC_ID,SHOP_NAME,CREATE_TIME)VALUES(2,2,'mysql 高性能第三版',SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO O_ORDER(ID,UC_ID,SHOP_NAME,CREATE_TIME)VALUES(3,3,'MySQL 排错指南',SYSDATE);
#O_TRADERS
INSERT INTO O_TRADERS(ID,UC_ID,ORDER_ID,FEE,TRADE_STATUS,CREATE_TIME)VALUES(1,1,1,59,1,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO O_TRADERS(ID,UC_ID,ORDER_ID,FEE,TRADE_STATUS,CREATE_TIME)VALUES( 2,2,2,119,1,SYSDATE);
INSERT INTO O_TRADERS(ID,UC_ID,ORDER_ID,FEE,TRADE_STATUS,CREATE_TIME)VALUES(3,3,3,120,1,SYSDATE);
4.2 mycat端验证
4.3 ORACLE端验证
可以看到, 出现了乱码的情况
解决方案:
#设置客户端字符集
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8
#设置secureCRT字符集为 UTF-8
乱码情况已经解决
5、 mycat端导出oracle数据
#导出数据
mysql -h192.168.2.136 -P8066 -u test -ptest TESTDB -e "select * from o_user" >/tmp/o_user.txt
mysql -h192.168.2.136 -P8066 -u test -ptest TESTDB -e "select * from o_traders" >/tmp/o_traders.txt
mysql -h192.168.2.136 -P8066 -u test -ptest TESTDB -e "select * from o_order" >/tmp/o_order.txt
#验证数据
cat /tmp/o_user.txt && cat /tmp/o_traders.txt && cat /tmp/o_order.txt
6 数据导入到mysql
6.1 mycat端创建 mysql表
CREATE TABLE M_USER(ID int, UC_NAME VARCHAR(64),CREATE_TIME DATETIME);
CREATE TABLE M_ORDER(ID int,UC_ID int,SHOP_NAME VARCHAR(64),CREATE_TIME DATETIME);
CREATE TABLE M_TRADERS(ID int,UC_ID int,ORDER_ID int, FEE int,TRADE_STATUS char(1),CREATE_TIME DATETIME);
6.2 mycat端导入数据到 mysql
load data infile '/tmp/o_user.txt' into table M_USER;
load data infile '/tmp/o_order.txt' into table M_ORDER;
load data infile '/tmp/o_traders.txt' into table M_TRADERS;
这里遇到一个问题:分库策略需要带上字段属性，需要根据分库
mysql> load data infile '/tmp/o_user.txt' into table M_USER;
ERROR 1064 (HY000): partition table, insert must provide ColumnList
解决方案:重新导出数据, 去掉列名
#重新导出
mysql -h192.168.2.136 -P8066 -u test -ptest TESTDB -N -e "select * from o_user" >/tmp/o_user.txt
mysql -h192.168.2.136 -P8066 -u test -ptest TESTDB -N -e "select * from o_traders" >/tmp/o_traders.txt
mysql -h192.168.2.136 -P8066 -u test -ptest TESTDB -N -e "select * from o_order" >/tmp/o_order.txt
#导入
load data infile '/tmp/o_user.txt' into table M_USER(ID,UC_NAME,CREATE_TIME);
load data infile '/tmp/o_order.txt' into table M_ORDER(ID,UC_ID,SHOP_NAME,CREATE_TIME);
load data infile '/tmp/o_traders.txt' into table M_TRADERS(ID,UC_ID,ORDER_ID,FEE,TRADE_STATUS,CREATE_TIME);
6.3 mycat端验证数据
